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Decontamination Strategies to Increase Fuel and Product Conversion Yields of Municipal Solid Waste

Book · · Handbook of Biorefinery Research and Technology

Since the implementation of China’s Green Fence and National Sword policies, many areas lost a market for heavily contaminated municipal solid waste (MSW). Approximately 17.2 million tons of paper and 26.9 million tons of plastic were landfilled in the United States in 2018. This non-recyclable waste that would normally be landfilled can be converted into fuels and chemicals, but common contaminants that are present in non-recyclable waste can negatively affect low and high-temperature conversion yields. In addition, MSW is a heterogeneous feedstock whose composition can vary widely across geographical areas and socio-economic statuses. This presents a unique challenge for providing a consistent feedstock to biorefineries around the world. Techniques that are commonly used in other industries, in addition to pre-processing methods used for traditional biomass, can be used to increase conversion yields. Drawing on established techniques, as well as experimental decontamination strategies, non-recyclable MSW could represent a viable alternative to agricultural residues for biofuel production. Although many of the techniques explored in this chapter have been used extensively in other industries, the feedstock composition needs to be carefully considered when choosing prospective decontamination methods. It is likely that there is not a “one-size-fits-all” decontamination method for MSW. In conclusion, a pre-processing and decontamination plan will rely heavily on the composition of the individual waste stream.

Research Organization:
Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
DOE Contract Number:
AC07-05ID14517
OSTI ID:
2278800
Report Number(s):
INL/JOU--20-60740-Rev001
Journal Information:
Handbook of Biorefinery Research and Technology, Journal Name: Handbook of Biorefinery Research and Technology
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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