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Title: Phenomenological Model of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions

Abstract

Hydration forces acting between macroscopic bodies at distances L ≤ 3 nm in pure water are calculated based on the phenomenological model of polar liquids. It is shown that depending on the properties of the bodies, the interacting surfaces polarize the liquid differently, and wetting properties of the surfaces are completely characterized by two parameters. If the surfaces are hydrophilic, liquid molecules are polarized at right angles to the surfaces, and the interaction is the short-range repulsion (the forces of interaction decrease exponentially over the characteristic length λ ≈ 0.2 nm). The interaction between the hydrophobic surfaces is more diversified and has been studied less. For L ≤ 3 nm, the interaction exhibits universal properties, while for L ≤ 3 nm, it considerably depends on the properties of the surfaces and on the distances between them, as well as on the composition of the polar liquid. In full agreement with the available experimental results we find that if the interfaces are mostly hydrophobic, then the interaction is attractive and long-range (the interaction forces diminish exponentially with decay length 1.2 nm). In this case, the resultant polarization of water molecules is parallel to the surface. It is shown that hydration forcesmore » are determined by nonlinear effects of polarization of the liquid in the bulk or by analogous nonlinearity of the interaction of water with a submerged body. This means that the forces of interaction cannot be calculated correctly in the linear response approximation. The forces acting between hydrophobic or hydrophilic surfaces are of the entropy type or electrostatic, respectively. It is shown that hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces for L ≤ 3 nm repel each other. The calculated intensity of their interaction is in agreement with experimental data. We predict the existence of an intermediate regime in which a body cannot order liquid molecules, which results in a much weaker attraction that decreases in inverse proportion to the squared distance between the surfaces of bodies. The difference between the microscopic structures of liquids confined in nanovolumes from liquids in large volumes is considered. The proposed model is applicable for a quantitative description of the properties of water at temperatures T satisfying the condition 0 < (T–T{sub c})/T{sub c} ≪ 1, where T{sub c} ≈ 230 K is the temperature of the ferroelectric phase transition observed in supercooled water. Under standard conditions, the model can be used for obtaining qualitative estimates.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2]
  1. National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute,” (Russian Federation)
  2. Gero LLC (Russian Federation)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
22756153
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 125; Journal Issue: 6; Other Information: Copyright (c) 2017 Pleiades Publishing, Inc.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 1063-7761
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; FERROELECTRIC MATERIALS; HYDRATION; INTERACTIONS; LIQUIDS; MOLECULES; NONLINEAR PROBLEMS; PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS; POLARIZATION; RARE EARTHS; RESOURCES

Citation Formats

Menshikov, L. I., E-mail: mleonid1954@mail.ru, Menshikov, P. L., and Fedichev, P. O. Phenomenological Model of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1134/S1063776117120056.
Menshikov, L. I., E-mail: mleonid1954@mail.ru, Menshikov, P. L., & Fedichev, P. O. Phenomenological Model of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions. United States. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063776117120056
Menshikov, L. I., E-mail: mleonid1954@mail.ru, Menshikov, P. L., and Fedichev, P. O. 2017. "Phenomenological Model of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions". United States. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063776117120056.
@article{osti_22756153,
title = {Phenomenological Model of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions},
author = {Menshikov, L. I., E-mail: mleonid1954@mail.ru and Menshikov, P. L. and Fedichev, P. O.},
abstractNote = {Hydration forces acting between macroscopic bodies at distances L ≤ 3 nm in pure water are calculated based on the phenomenological model of polar liquids. It is shown that depending on the properties of the bodies, the interacting surfaces polarize the liquid differently, and wetting properties of the surfaces are completely characterized by two parameters. If the surfaces are hydrophilic, liquid molecules are polarized at right angles to the surfaces, and the interaction is the short-range repulsion (the forces of interaction decrease exponentially over the characteristic length λ ≈ 0.2 nm). The interaction between the hydrophobic surfaces is more diversified and has been studied less. For L ≤ 3 nm, the interaction exhibits universal properties, while for L ≤ 3 nm, it considerably depends on the properties of the surfaces and on the distances between them, as well as on the composition of the polar liquid. In full agreement with the available experimental results we find that if the interfaces are mostly hydrophobic, then the interaction is attractive and long-range (the interaction forces diminish exponentially with decay length 1.2 nm). In this case, the resultant polarization of water molecules is parallel to the surface. It is shown that hydration forces are determined by nonlinear effects of polarization of the liquid in the bulk or by analogous nonlinearity of the interaction of water with a submerged body. This means that the forces of interaction cannot be calculated correctly in the linear response approximation. The forces acting between hydrophobic or hydrophilic surfaces are of the entropy type or electrostatic, respectively. It is shown that hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces for L ≤ 3 nm repel each other. The calculated intensity of their interaction is in agreement with experimental data. We predict the existence of an intermediate regime in which a body cannot order liquid molecules, which results in a much weaker attraction that decreases in inverse proportion to the squared distance between the surfaces of bodies. The difference between the microscopic structures of liquids confined in nanovolumes from liquids in large volumes is considered. The proposed model is applicable for a quantitative description of the properties of water at temperatures T satisfying the condition 0 < (T–T{sub c})/T{sub c} ≪ 1, where T{sub c} ≈ 230 K is the temperature of the ferroelectric phase transition observed in supercooled water. Under standard conditions, the model can be used for obtaining qualitative estimates.},
doi = {10.1134/S1063776117120056},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/22756153}, journal = {Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics},
issn = {1063-7761},
number = 6,
volume = 125,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Dec 15 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Fri Dec 15 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}