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Title: Long-lived Dust Asymmetries at Dead Zone Edges in Protoplanetary Disks

Abstract

A number of transition disks exhibit significant azimuthal asymmetries in thermal dust emission. One possible origin for these asymmetries is dust trapping in vortices formed at the edges of dead zones. We carry out high-resolution, two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of this scenario, including the effects of dust feedback. We find that, although feedback weakens the vortices and slows down the process of dust accumulation, the dust distribution in the disk can nonetheless remain asymmetric for many thousands of orbits. We show that even after 10{sup 4} orbits, or 2.5 Myr when scaled to the parameters of Oph IRS 48 (a significant fraction of its age), the dust is not dispersed into an axisymmetric ring, in contrast to the case of a vortex formed by a planet. This is because accumulation of mass at the dead zone edge constantly replenishes the vortex, preventing it from being fully destroyed. We produce synthetic dust emission images using our simulation results. We find that multiple small clumps of dust may be distributed azimuthally. These clumps, if not resolved from one another, appear as a single large feature. A defining characteristic of a disk with a dead zone edge is that an asymmetric feature is accompaniedmore » by a ring of dust located about twice as far from the central star.« less

Authors:
 [1]; ; ;  [2]
  1. Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (United States)
  2. Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 (United States)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
22663856
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Astrophysical Journal
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 835; Journal Issue: 2; Other Information: Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0004-637X
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTROPHYSICS, COSMOLOGY AND ASTRONOMY; ASYMMETRY; AXIAL SYMMETRY; DISTRIBUTION; DUSTS; FEEDBACK; HYDRODYNAMICS; MASS; ORBITS; PLANETS; PROTOPLANETS; RESOLUTION; RINGS; SIMULATION; STARS; TRAPPING; TWO-DIMENSIONAL CALCULATIONS; VORTICES

Citation Formats

Miranda, Ryan, Li, Hui, Li, Shengtai, and Jin, Sheng. Long-lived Dust Asymmetries at Dead Zone Edges in Protoplanetary Disks. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/835/2/118.
Miranda, Ryan, Li, Hui, Li, Shengtai, & Jin, Sheng. Long-lived Dust Asymmetries at Dead Zone Edges in Protoplanetary Disks. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/835/2/118
Miranda, Ryan, Li, Hui, Li, Shengtai, and Jin, Sheng. 2017. "Long-lived Dust Asymmetries at Dead Zone Edges in Protoplanetary Disks". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/835/2/118.
@article{osti_22663856,
title = {Long-lived Dust Asymmetries at Dead Zone Edges in Protoplanetary Disks},
author = {Miranda, Ryan and Li, Hui and Li, Shengtai and Jin, Sheng},
abstractNote = {A number of transition disks exhibit significant azimuthal asymmetries in thermal dust emission. One possible origin for these asymmetries is dust trapping in vortices formed at the edges of dead zones. We carry out high-resolution, two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of this scenario, including the effects of dust feedback. We find that, although feedback weakens the vortices and slows down the process of dust accumulation, the dust distribution in the disk can nonetheless remain asymmetric for many thousands of orbits. We show that even after 10{sup 4} orbits, or 2.5 Myr when scaled to the parameters of Oph IRS 48 (a significant fraction of its age), the dust is not dispersed into an axisymmetric ring, in contrast to the case of a vortex formed by a planet. This is because accumulation of mass at the dead zone edge constantly replenishes the vortex, preventing it from being fully destroyed. We produce synthetic dust emission images using our simulation results. We find that multiple small clumps of dust may be distributed azimuthally. These clumps, if not resolved from one another, appear as a single large feature. A defining characteristic of a disk with a dead zone edge is that an asymmetric feature is accompanied by a ring of dust located about twice as far from the central star.},
doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/835/2/118},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/22663856}, journal = {Astrophysical Journal},
issn = {0004-637X},
number = 2,
volume = 835,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Wed Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}

Works referencing / citing this record:

Observational diagnostics of elongated planet-induced vortices with realistic planet formation time-scales
journal, November 2018


Are inner disc misalignments common? ALMA reveals an isotropic outer disc inclination distribution for young dipper stars
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Dust Unveils the Formation of a Mini-Neptune Planet in a Protoplanetary Ring
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New Constraints on Turbulence and Embedded Planet Mass in the HD 163296 Disk from Planet–Disk Hydrodynamic Simulations
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The Eccentric Cavity, Triple Rings, Two-armed Spirals, and Double Clumps of the MWC 758 Disk
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Parametric Study of the Rossby Wave Instability in a Two-dimensional Barotropic Disk. II. Nonlinear Calculations
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Identifying Anticyclonic Vortex Features Produced by the Rossby Wave Instability in Protoplanetary Disks
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Effects of Ringed Structures and Dust Size Growth on Millimeter Observations of Protoplanetary Disks
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Including Dust Coagulation in Hydrodynamic Models of Protoplanetary Disks: Dust Evolution in the Vicinity of a Jupiter-mass Planet
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On the Dust Signatures Induced by Eccentric Super-Earths in Protoplanetary Disks
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The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP). IX. A High-definition Study of the HD 163296 Planet-forming Disk
journal, December 2018


The Observability of Vortex-driven Spiral Arms in Protoplanetary Disks: Basic Spiral Properties
journal, September 2019


Ring Morphology with Dust Coagulation in Protoplanetary Disks
journal, January 2020