G-mode magnetic force microscopy: Separating magnetic and electrostatic interactions using big data analytics

Collins, Liam; Belianinov, Alex; Kalinin, Sergei V.; Jesse, Stephen; Proksch, Roger; Zuo, Tingting; Zhang, Yong; Liaw, Peter K.

doi:10.1063/1.4948601

Title: G-mode magnetic force microscopy: Separating magnetic and electrostatic interactions using big data analytics

Journal Article · Mon May 09 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Applied Physics Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4948601· OSTI ID:22591717

Collins, Liam; Belianinov, Alex; Kalinin, Sergei V.; Jesse, Stephen ^[1]; Proksch, Roger ^[2]; Zuo, Tingting ^[3]; Zhang, Yong ^[3]; Liaw, Peter K. ^[4]

Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 (United States)
Asylum Research, An Oxford Instruments Company, Santa Barbara, California 93117 (United States)
State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083 (China)
Deptarment of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-2200 (United States)

In this work, we develop a full information capture approach for Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM), referred to as generalized mode (G-Mode) MFM. G-Mode MFM acquires and stores the full data stream from the photodetector, captured at sampling rates approaching the intrinsic photodiode limit. The data can be subsequently compressed, denoised, and analyzed, without information loss. Here, G-Mode MFM is implemented and compared to the traditional heterodyne-based MFM on model systems, including domain structures in ferromagnetic Yttrium Iron Garnet and the electronically and magnetically inhomogeneous high entropy alloy, CoFeMnNiSn. We investigate the use of information theory to mine the G-Mode MFM data and demonstrate its usefulness for extracting information which may be hidden in traditional MFM modes, including signatures of nonlinearities and mode-coupling phenomena. Finally, we demonstrate detection and separation of magnetic and electrostatic tip-sample interactions from a single G-Mode image, by analyzing the entire frequency response of the cantilever. G-Mode MFM is immediately implementable on any atomic force microscopy platform and as such is expected to be a useful technique for probing spatiotemporal cantilever dynamics and mapping material properties, as well as their mutual interactions.

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OSTI ID:: 22591717

Journal Information:: Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 19; Other Information: (c) 2016 Author(s); Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0003-6951

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS
ALLOYS
ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY
FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS
DOMAIN STRUCTURE
ENTROPY
FERRITE GARNETS
IMAGES
INFORMATION THEORY
MAGNETIC FIELDS
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Title: G-mode magnetic force microscopy: Separating magnetic and electrostatic interactions using big data analytics

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