Defect-induced ferromagnetism in undoped In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires

Tien, Li-Chia; Hsieh, Yu-Yun

doi:10.1016/J.MATERRESBULL.2014.09.043

Title: Defect-induced ferromagnetism in undoped In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires

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Abstract

Highlights: • Undoped In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires were synthesized by a thermal evaporation method. • In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires show d{sup 0} ferromagnetism at room temperature. • Large amount of defects were confirmed by PL, UV/vis, and XPS. • Oxygen deficient surfaces and size effect mediating ferromagnetic ordering. - Abstract: We report the observation of intrinsic room-temperature ferromagnetism in undoped In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires synthesized by a thermal evaporation method. The as-grown sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL), Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV/vis), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). Structural characterizations show that the as-grown sample is single crystal cubic bixbyite structure with 80–100 nm in diameter and 2–4 μm long. Both PL and UV/vis results reveal that the sample exhibits large amount of oxygen vacancies and indium vacancies (V{sub O} and V{sub In}). XPS results indicate that the In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires are significantly oxygen deficient and non-stoichiometric at surface. Experimentally measured magnetic hysteresis curves for undoped In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires clearly display ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature. We believe the ferromagnetism of undoped In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires is ascribed to the largemore »« less

Authors:: Tien, Li-Chia; Hsieh, Yu-Yun

Publication Date:: Mon Dec 15 00:00:00 EST 2014

OSTI Identifier:: 22420711

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Journal Name:: Materials Research Bulletin

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 60; Other Information: Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0025-5408

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY; EVAPORATION; FERROMAGNETISM; FIELD EMISSION; INDIUM OXIDES; MONOCRYSTALS; NANOWIRES; OPTICAL PROPERTIES; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SQUID DEVICES; TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE; TEMPERATURE RANGE 0273-0400 K; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION; VACANCIES; X-RAY DIFFRACTION; X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY

Citation Formats


                    Tien, Li-Chia, and Hsieh, Yu-Yun. Defect-induced ferromagnetism in undoped In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires.  United States: N. p., 2014. 
        Web.  doi:10.1016/J.MATERRESBULL.2014.09.043.

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                    Tien, Li-Chia, & Hsieh, Yu-Yun. Defect-induced ferromagnetism in undoped In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATERRESBULL.2014.09.043

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                    Tien, Li-Chia, and Hsieh, Yu-Yun. 2014.  
        "Defect-induced ferromagnetism in undoped In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATERRESBULL.2014.09.043.

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@article{osti_22420711,

  title        = {Defect-induced ferromagnetism in undoped In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires},

  author       = {Tien, Li-Chia and Hsieh, Yu-Yun},

  abstractNote = {Highlights: • Undoped In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires were synthesized by a thermal evaporation method. • In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires show d{sup 0} ferromagnetism at room temperature. • Large amount of defects were confirmed by PL, UV/vis, and XPS. • Oxygen deficient surfaces and size effect mediating ferromagnetic ordering. - Abstract: We report the observation of intrinsic room-temperature ferromagnetism in undoped In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires synthesized by a thermal evaporation method. The as-grown sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL), Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV/vis), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). Structural characterizations show that the as-grown sample is single crystal cubic bixbyite structure with 80–100 nm in diameter and 2–4 μm long. Both PL and UV/vis results reveal that the sample exhibits large amount of oxygen vacancies and indium vacancies (V{sub O} and V{sub In}). XPS results indicate that the In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires are significantly oxygen deficient and non-stoichiometric at surface. Experimentally measured magnetic hysteresis curves for undoped In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires clearly display ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature. We believe the ferromagnetism of undoped In{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanowires is ascribed to the large surface area and intrinsic defects mediating the ferromagnetic ordering.},

  doi          = {10.1016/J.MATERRESBULL.2014.09.043},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/22420711},
  journal      = {Materials Research Bulletin},

  issn         = {0025-5408},

  number       = ,

  volume       = 60,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Dec 15 00:00:00 EST 2014},

  month        = {Mon Dec 15 00:00:00 EST 2014}

}

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