Interfacial characterization of SLM parts in multi-material processing: Metallurgical diffusion between 316L stainless steel and C18400 copper alloy

Journal Article · Fri Aug 15 00:00:00 EDT 2014 · Materials Characterization

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATCHAR.2014.05.001· OSTI ID:22403524

Liu, Z.H., E-mail: [e-mail]; Zhang, D.Q., E-mail: [e-mail]; Sing, S.L., E-mail: [e-mail]; Chua, C.K., E-mail: [e-mail]; Loh, L.E., E-mail: [e-mail]

Multi-material processing in selective laser melting using a novel approach, by the separation of two different materials within a single dispensing coating system was investigated. 316L stainless steel and UNS C18400 Cu alloy multi-material samples were produced using selective laser melting and their interfacial characteristics were analyzed using focused ion beam, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and electron back scattered diffraction techniques. A substantial amount of Fe and Cu element diffusion was observed at the bond interface suggesting good metallurgical bonding. Quantitative evidence of good bonding at the interface was also obtained from the tensile tests where the fracture was initiated at the copper region. Nevertheless, the tensile strength of steel/Cu SLM parts was evaluated to be 310 ± 18 MPa and the variation in microhardness values was found to be gradual along the bonding interface from the steel region (256 ± 7 HV{sub 0.1}) to the copper region (72 ± 3 HV{sub 0.1}). - Highlights: • Multi-material processing was successfully implemented and demonstrated in SLM. • Bi-metallic laminates of steel/Cu were successfully produced with the SLM process. • A substantial amount of Fe and Cu diffusion was observed at the bond interface. • Good metallurgical bonding was obtained at the interface of the steel/Cu laminates. • Highly refined microstructure was obtained due to rapid solidification in SLM.

• OSTI ID: 22403524
• Journal Information: Materials Characterization, Vol. 94; Other Information: Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 1044-5803
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
ADDITIVES
BACKSCATTERING
BONDING
COPPER
COPPER ALLOYS
DIFFUSION
ELECTRON DIFFRACTION
FRACTURES
INTERFACES
ION BEAMS
MELTING
MICROHARDNESS
MICROSTRUCTURE
MULTI-ELEMENT ANALYSIS
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
SCANNING LIGHT MICROSCOPY
SOLIDIFICATION
STAINLESS STEEL-316L
TENSILE PROPERTIES
X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY