skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: AN INFRARED-LUMINOUS MERGER WITH TWO BIPOLAR MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS: ALMA AND SMA OBSERVATIONS OF NGC 3256

Journal Article · · Astrophysical Journal
 [1];  [2];  [3]; ;  [4]
  1. Academia Sinica, Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Taipei, Taiwan (China)
  2. Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, Onsala (Sweden)
  3. Observatoire de Paris, 61 Av. de l'Observatoire, F-75014 Paris (France)
  4. NRAO, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903 (United States)

We report Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array and Submillimeter Array observations of the infrared-luminous merger NGC 3256, the most luminous galaxy within z = 0.01. Both of the two merger nuclei separated by 5'' (0.8 kpc) have a molecular gas concentration, a nuclear disk, with Σ{sub mol} > 10{sup 3} M {sub ☉} pc{sup –2}. The northern nucleus is more massive and is surrounded by molecular spiral arms. Its nuclear disk is face-on, while the southern nuclear disk is almost edge-on. The high-velocity molecular gas in the system can be resolved into two molecular outflows from the two nuclei. The one from the northern nucleus is part of a starburst-driven superwind seen nearly pole-on. Its maximum velocity is >750 km s{sup –1} and its mass outflow rate is >60 M {sub ☉} yr{sup –1} for a conversion factor X{sub CO}=N{sub H{sub 2}}/I{sub CO(1−0)} of 1 × 10{sup 20} cm{sup –2} (K km s{sup –1}){sup –1}. The molecular outflow from the southern nucleus is a highly collimated bipolar jet seen nearly edge-on. Its line-of-sight velocity increases with distance, out to 300 pc from the nucleus, to the maximum de-projected velocity of ∼2000 km s{sup –1} for the estimated inclination and ≳1000 km s{sup –1} taking into account the uncertainty. Its mass outflow rate is estimated to be >50 M {sub ☉} yr{sup –1} for the same X {sub CO}. This southern outflow has indications of being driven by a bipolar radio jet from an active galactic nucleus that recently weakened. The sum of these outflow rates, although subject to the uncertainty in the molecular mass estimate, either exceeds or compares to the total star formation rate. The feedback from nuclear activity through molecular outflows is therefore significant in the gas consumption, and hence evolution, of this system.

OSTI ID:
22364851
Journal Information:
Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 797, Issue 2; Other Information: Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0004-637X
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

Similar Records

ALMA observations of a candidate molecular outflow in an obscured quasar
Journal Article · Fri Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2014 · Astrophysical Journal · OSTI ID:22364851

A 10{sup 10} solar mass flow of molecular gas in the A1835 brightest cluster galaxy
Journal Article · Thu Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2014 · Astrophysical Journal · OSTI ID:22364851

ALMA observations of warm molecular gas and cold dust in NGC 34
Journal Article · Tue May 20 00:00:00 EDT 2014 · Astrophysical Journal · OSTI ID:22364851