A portable and monoenergetic 24 keV neutron source based on 124Sb-9Be photoneutrons and an iron filter

Biekert, A.; Chang, C.; Chaplinsky, L.; Fink, C. W.; Frey, W. D.; Garcia-Sciveres, M.; Guo, W.; Hertel, S. A.; Li, X.; Lin, J.; Lisovenko, M.; Wang, G.

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/18/07/P07018

A portable and monoenergetic 24 keV neutron source based on 124Sb-9Be photoneutrons and an iron filter

Journal Article · 07 July 2023 · Journal of Instrumentation

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/07/P07018· OSTI ID:2229921

Biekert, A.; Chang, C.; Chaplinsky, L.; Fink, C. W.; Frey, W. D.; Garcia-Sciveres, M.; Guo, W.; Hertel, S. A.; Li, X.; Lin, J.; Lisovenko, M.; Wang, G.

A portable monoenergetic 24 keV neutron source based on the 124Sb-9Be photoneutron reaction and an iron filter has been constructed and characterized. The coincidence of the neutron energy from SbBe and the low interaction cross-section with iron (mean free path up to 29 cm) makes pure iron specially suited to shield against gamma rays from 124Sb decays while letting through the neutrons. To increase the 124Sb activity and thus the neutron flux, a >1 GBq 124Sb source was produced by irradiating a natural Sb metal pellet with a high flux of thermal neutrons in a nuclear reactor. The design of the source shielding structure makes for easy transportation and deployment. A hydrogen gas proportional counter is used to characterize the neutrons emitted by the source and a NaI detector is used for gamma background characterization. At the exit opening of the neutron beam, the characterization determined the neutron flux in the energy range 20–25 keV to be 6.00±0.30 neutrons per cm2 per second and the total gamma flux to be 245±8 gammas per cm2 per second (numbers scaled to 1 GBq activity of the 124Sb source). A liquid scintillator detector is demonstrated to be sensitive to neutrons with incident kinetic energies from 8 to 17 keV, so it can be paired with the source as a backing detector for neutron scattering calibration experiments. This photoneutron source provides a good tool for in-situ low energy nuclear recoil calibration for dark matter experiments and coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering experiments.

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Science Foundation (NSF); University of California – Berkeley; Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) - National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL)

DOE Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 2229921

Journal Information:: Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 18, Issue 07

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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