Optimal reaction for synthesis of superheavy element 117
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275, Beijing 102413 (China)
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 (China)
Fusion reactions leading to the formation of superheavy element 117 are systematically analyzed. Among the reactions considered, the {sup 250}Bk({sup 48}Ca,4n){sup 294}117 reaction has the largest evaporation residue (ER) cross section of about 2 pb. However, this reaction is hard to realize experimentally because it is difficult to accumulate sufficient amount of target material due to the short lifetime of {sup 250}Bk nucleus. For the reaction {sup 48}Ca+{sup 249}Bk, our estimation shows that the ER cross sections in 3n and 4n channels may be expected to be greater than 1 pb. Therefore, {sup 48}Ca and {sup 249}Bk should be the optimal projectile-target combination for synthesis of superheavy element 117 in practice. In addition, as a main result of systematic analysis, we find that the ER cross section exponentially depends on the mass difference (in unit of temperature) of fission and neutron emission saddle points. Therefore, it is of essential importance for the successful synthesis of superheavy nuclei to select the isotopic composition of projectile and/or target so as the mass difference of fission and neutron emission saddle points as large as possible. Entrance channel effects are examined by means of a comparison of the reactions {sup 48}Ca+{sup 245}Bk, {sup 50}Ti+{sup 243}Am, and {sup 55}Mn+{sup 238}U leading to the same compound nucleus {sup 293}117. The ER cross sections of the reactions {sup 50}Ti+{sup 243}Am and {sup 55}Mn+{sup 238}U are much smaller than that of {sup 48}Ca+{sup 245}Bk.
- OSTI ID:
- 21293838
- Journal Information:
- Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics, Vol. 80, Issue 3; Other Information: DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.034601; (c) 2009 The American Physical Society; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0556-2813
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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