From Soft to Hard X-ray with a Single Grating Monochromator

Cocco, D; Bianco, A; Kaulich, B; Schaefers, F; Mertin, M; Reichardt, G; Nelles, B; Heidemann, K F

doi:10.1063/1.2436107

Title: From Soft to Hard X-ray with a Single Grating Monochromator

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Abstract

Even if not well defined a border exists between the soft and the hard X-ray region. The optics adopted in one region is not suitable for the other region and vice versa. Nevertheless, recently more and more experimentalists wish to investigate their samples by using an energy range as wide as possible. Without adopting complicated and very expensive mechanical solutions, it is a major challenge, for the optical designer, to find a solution suitable for both spectral ranges. This was our task for the TwinMic beamline at Elettra, the Italian 3rd generation synchrotron radiation source. This beamline will house a twin x-ray microscope, which combines scanning and full-field imaging in a single multipurpose end station and is operated in the 0.2-3 keV photon energy range. This energy range will be covered by a blazed grating, which has a very shallow blaze angle of 0.4 deg. With this grating mechanically ruled in the grating laboratory of Carl Zeiss very high diffraction efficiency can be achieved, expected to be higher then 10% over the whole range. This grating was tested at the KMC 1 beamline in BESSY, which is particularly suitable for this kind of measurements since it has a crystal monochromatormore »« less

Authors:

Cocco, D; Bianco, A; Kaulich, B ^[1]; Schaefers, F; Mertin, M; Reichardt, G ^[2]; Nelles, B; Heidemann, K F ^[3]

Sincrotrone Trieste ScpA, S.S. 14-Km 163.5, 34012, Trieste (Italy)
BESSY GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, D-12489, Berlin (Germany)
Carl Zeiss Optronics GmbH, 73446 Oberkochen (Germany)

Publication Date:: Fri Jan 19 00:00:00 EST 2007

OSTI Identifier:: 21052562

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Journal Name:: AIP Conference Proceedings

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 879; Journal Issue: 1; Conference: 9. international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation, Daegu (Korea, Republic of), 28 May - 2 Jun 2006; Other Information: DOI: 10.1063/1.2436107; (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0094-243X

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS; ACCURACY; BEAM OPTICS; BESSY STORAGE RING; CRYSTALS; DIFFRACTION GRATINGS; EFFICIENCY; EV RANGE; HARD X RADIATION; KEV RANGE; LAYERS; MIRRORS; MONOCHROMATORS; PHOTON BEAMS; PHOTONS; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION SOURCES; X-RAY DIFFRACTION

Citation Formats


                    Cocco, D, Bianco, A, Kaulich, B, Schaefers, F, Mertin, M, Reichardt, G, Nelles, B, and Heidemann, K F. From Soft to Hard X-ray with a Single Grating Monochromator.  United States: N. p., 2007. 
        Web.  doi:10.1063/1.2436107.

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                    Cocco, D, Bianco, A, Kaulich, B, Schaefers, F, Mertin, M, Reichardt, G, Nelles, B, & Heidemann, K F. From Soft to Hard X-ray with a Single Grating Monochromator.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2436107

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                    Cocco, D, Bianco, A, Kaulich, B, Schaefers, F, Mertin, M, Reichardt, G, Nelles, B, and Heidemann, K F. 2007.  
        "From Soft to Hard X-ray with a Single Grating Monochromator".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2436107.

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@article{osti_21052562,

  title        = {From Soft to Hard X-ray with a Single Grating Monochromator},

  author       = {Cocco, D and Bianco, A and Kaulich, B and Schaefers, F and Mertin, M and Reichardt, G and Nelles, B and Heidemann, K F},

  abstractNote = {Even if not well defined a border exists between the soft and the hard X-ray region. The optics adopted in one region is not suitable for the other region and vice versa. Nevertheless, recently more and more experimentalists wish to investigate their samples by using an energy range as wide as possible. Without adopting complicated and very expensive mechanical solutions, it is a major challenge, for the optical designer, to find a solution suitable for both spectral ranges. This was our task for the TwinMic beamline at Elettra, the Italian 3rd generation synchrotron radiation source. This beamline will house a twin x-ray microscope, which combines scanning and full-field imaging in a single multipurpose end station and is operated in the 0.2-3 keV photon energy range. This energy range will be covered by a blazed grating, which has a very shallow blaze angle of 0.4 deg. With this grating mechanically ruled in the grating laboratory of Carl Zeiss very high diffraction efficiency can be achieved, expected to be higher then 10% over the whole range. This grating was tested at the KMC 1 beamline in BESSY, which is particularly suitable for this kind of measurements since it has a crystal monochromator that can go down to 1.7 keV and can be equipped with an high precision diffractometer. The obtained results demonstrate that it is possible to work with this grating up to 6 keV with still enough efficiency (5% at 6 keV and 15% at 1.8 keV). The efficiency in the lower part of the energy range was tested at Elettra, again with very good results (more then 20% at 950 eV and 15% at 600eV). A second grating, also produced by Carl Zeiss, with a blaze angle of 1.1 deg. will be mounted in the same monochromator, to cover the lower energy range. Both gratings have 600 grooves/mm, which is a good compromise for achieving the requested energy resolving power (of the order of 4000 in most of the range) and to have as much flux as possible, mandatory for the experiments proposed for this beamline. A multilayer mirror, mounted side by side with the two gratings, will permit a wide band selection of the incoming radiation. The beamline is expected to be operative in spring 2007.},

  doi          = {10.1063/1.2436107},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/21052562},
  journal      = {AIP Conference Proceedings},

  issn         = {0094-243X},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 879,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Jan 19 00:00:00 EST 2007},

  month        = {Fri Jan 19 00:00:00 EST 2007}

}

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