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Title: Decoherence induced by interacting quantum spin baths

Abstract

We study decoherence induced on a two-level system coupled to a one-dimensional quantum spin chain. We consider the cases where the dynamics of the chain is determined by the Ising, XY, or Heisenberg exchange Hamiltonian. This model of quantum baths can be of fundamental importance for the understanding of decoherence in open quantum systems, since it can be experimentally engineered by using atoms in optical lattices. As an example, here we show how to implement a pure dephasing model for a qubit system coupled to an interacting spin bath. We provide results that go beyond the case of a central spin coupled uniformly to all the spins of the bath, in particular showing what happens when the bath enters different phases, or becomes critical; we also study the dependence of the coherence loss on the number of bath spins to which the system is coupled and we describe a coupling-independent regime in which decoherence exhibits universal features, irrespective of the system-environment coupling strength. Finally, we establish a relation between decoherence and entanglement inside the bath. For the Ising and the XY models we are able to give an exact expression for the decay of coherences, while for the Heisenberg bathmore » we resort to the numerical time-dependent density matrix renormalization group.« less

Authors:
; ;  [1];  [2];  [1]
  1. NEST-CNR-INFM and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa (Italy)
  2. Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento and BEC-CNR-INFM, I-38050 Povo (Italy)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
20982279
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Physical Review. A
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 75; Journal Issue: 3; Other Information: DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.75.032333; (c) 2007 The American Physical Society; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 1050-2947
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; ATOMS; COUPLING; DECAY; DENSITY MATRIX; HAMILTONIANS; HEISENBERG MODEL; INFORMATION THEORY; ISING MODEL; LOSSES; ONE-DIMENSIONAL CALCULATIONS; QUANTUM COMPUTERS; QUANTUM DECOHERENCE; QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT; QUBITS; RENORMALIZATION; SPIN; TIME DEPENDENCE

Citation Formats

Rossini, Davide, Giovannetti, Vittorio, Montangero, Simone, Calarco, Tommaso, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, Fazio, Rosario, and International School for Advanced Studies. Decoherence induced by interacting quantum spin baths. United States: N. p., 2007. Web. doi:10.1103/PHYSREVA.75.032333.
Rossini, Davide, Giovannetti, Vittorio, Montangero, Simone, Calarco, Tommaso, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, Fazio, Rosario, & International School for Advanced Studies. Decoherence induced by interacting quantum spin baths. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVA.75.032333
Rossini, Davide, Giovannetti, Vittorio, Montangero, Simone, Calarco, Tommaso, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, Fazio, Rosario, and International School for Advanced Studies. 2007. "Decoherence induced by interacting quantum spin baths". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVA.75.032333.
@article{osti_20982279,
title = {Decoherence induced by interacting quantum spin baths},
author = {Rossini, Davide and Giovannetti, Vittorio and Montangero, Simone and Calarco, Tommaso and ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 and Fazio, Rosario and International School for Advanced Studies},
abstractNote = {We study decoherence induced on a two-level system coupled to a one-dimensional quantum spin chain. We consider the cases where the dynamics of the chain is determined by the Ising, XY, or Heisenberg exchange Hamiltonian. This model of quantum baths can be of fundamental importance for the understanding of decoherence in open quantum systems, since it can be experimentally engineered by using atoms in optical lattices. As an example, here we show how to implement a pure dephasing model for a qubit system coupled to an interacting spin bath. We provide results that go beyond the case of a central spin coupled uniformly to all the spins of the bath, in particular showing what happens when the bath enters different phases, or becomes critical; we also study the dependence of the coherence loss on the number of bath spins to which the system is coupled and we describe a coupling-independent regime in which decoherence exhibits universal features, irrespective of the system-environment coupling strength. Finally, we establish a relation between decoherence and entanglement inside the bath. For the Ising and the XY models we are able to give an exact expression for the decay of coherences, while for the Heisenberg bath we resort to the numerical time-dependent density matrix renormalization group.},
doi = {10.1103/PHYSREVA.75.032333},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/20982279}, journal = {Physical Review. A},
issn = {1050-2947},
number = 3,
volume = 75,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2007},
month = {Thu Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2007}
}