Association of tibia lead and blood lead with end-stage renal disease: A pilot study of African-Americans
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-18, New Orleans, LA 70112 (United States) and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (United States)
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-18, New Orleans, LA 70112 (United States)
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (United States)
- Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY (United States)
The association between body lead burden and kidney disease remains controversial. Fifty-five African-American end-stage renal disease (ESRD) cases and 53 age- and sex-matched African-American controls without known renal disease were recruited from Tulane University-affiliated dialysis clinics and out-patient clinics, respectively. Blood lead was measured via atomic absorption spectrophotometry and tibia lead (a measure of body lead) was measured via {sup 109}Cd-based K shell X-ray fluorescence. Median blood lead levels were significantly higher among ESRD cases (6 {mu}g/dL) compared to their control counterparts (3 {mu}g/dL; P<0.001). Although no participants had overt lead poisoning (blood lead {>=}25 {mu}g/dL), seven cases but no controls had blood lead levels above 10 {mu}g/dL (P=0.006). The median tibia lead level was 17 micrograms of lead per gram of bone mineral ({mu}g/g) and 13 {mu}g/g among ESRD cases and their control counterparts, respectively (P=0.134). Four ESRD cases (7%), but no controls, had a tibia lead level above 40 {mu}g/g (P=0.115) while a similar proportion of cases and controls had tibia lead between 20 and 39 {mu}g/g (33% and 32%, respectively; P=0.726). After adjustment for potential confounders, the odds ratios of ESRD associated with a tibia lead {>=}20 {mu}g/g and each four-fold higher tibia lead (e.g., 5-20 {mu}g/g) were 1.55 (95% CI: 0.55, 4.41) and 1.88 (95% CI: 0.53, 6.68), respectively. These findings support the need for prospective cohort studies of body lead burden and renal disease progression.
- OSTI ID:
- 20972078
- Journal Information:
- Environmental Research, Vol. 104, Issue 3; Other Information: DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2007.04.001; PII: S0013-9351(07)00076-X; Copyright (c) 2007 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0013-9351
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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