The TORE SUPRA Cryogenic System Behaviour During Long Plasma Discharges with a High Injected Energy

doi:10.1063/1.2202563

Title: The TORE SUPRA Cryogenic System Behaviour During Long Plasma Discharges with a High Injected Energy

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Abstract

After the CIEL project completion including the upgrade of the plasma facing components and the water cooling system, the superconducting Tore Supra Tokamak achieved a world record of injected energy (1.1 GJ), during long duration (6 min) plasma discharges, which was enabled by the upgrade of the transfer system capacities, but also by the steady state toroidal field. The Tore Supra cryogenic refrigerator enables the toroidal field coils to be operated at nominal current along the full daily plasma operation shift. It has capacities of 300 W at 1.8 K, 750 W at 4.5 K and 30 kW at 80 K and was operated with a high reliability for more than 16 years. After a brief recall on the cryogenic refrigeration of the toroidal superconducting magnet, the distribution of the heat loads at the various levels of temperature (in standby mode 150W at 1.8 K and 200W at 4.5 K) is presented. The inventory of the calculated static and variable heat loads deposited within each part of toroidal field coils and thermal shields, is given with the factors of dependence. This analysis identifies and quantifies the major magnetic disturbances like a disruption (about 12 kJ onto the coils and 300more »« less

Authors:

Henry, D.; Hertout, P.; Journeaux, J. Y.; Duchateau, J. L.; Reynaud, P. ^[1]

Departement de Recherches sur la Fusion Controlee, Association, Euratom-CEA, CEA/Cadarache, F-13108 Saint Paul-lez-Durance (France)

Publication Date:: Thu Apr 27 00:00:00 EDT 2006

OSTI Identifier:: 20800203

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Resource Relation:: Journal Name: AIP Conference Proceedings; Journal Volume: 823; Journal Issue: 1; Conference: Cryogenic engineering conference, Keystone, CO (United States), 29 Aug - 2 Sep 2005; Other Information: DOI: 10.1063/1.2202563; (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; COOLING SYSTEMS; CRYOGENICS; DISTURBANCES; ELECTRIC CURRENTS; ELECTRIC DISCHARGES; FIRST WALL; HEATING LOAD; HELIUM; ITER TOKAMAK; OPERATION; PLASMA; PUMPING; REFRIGERATION; REFRIGERATORS; STANDBY MODE; STEADY-STATE CONDITIONS; SUPERCONDUCTING COILS; SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS; THERMAL SHIELDS; TORE SUPRA TOKAMAK

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                    Henry, D., Hertout, P., Journeaux, J. Y., Duchateau, J. L., and Reynaud, P. The TORE SUPRA Cryogenic System Behaviour During Long Plasma Discharges with a High Injected Energy.  United States: N. p., 2006. 
        Web.  doi:10.1063/1.2202563.

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                    Henry, D., Hertout, P., Journeaux, J. Y., Duchateau, J. L., & Reynaud, P. The TORE SUPRA Cryogenic System Behaviour During Long Plasma Discharges with a High Injected Energy.  United States.  doi:10.1063/1.2202563.

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                    Henry, D., Hertout, P., Journeaux, J. Y., Duchateau, J. L., and Reynaud, P. Thu .  
        "The TORE SUPRA Cryogenic System Behaviour During Long Plasma Discharges with a High Injected Energy".  United States.  
        doi:10.1063/1.2202563.

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@article{osti_20800203,

  title        = {The TORE SUPRA Cryogenic System Behaviour During Long Plasma Discharges with a High Injected Energy},

  author       = {Henry, D. and Hertout, P. and Journeaux, J. Y. and Duchateau, J. L. and Reynaud, P.},

  abstractNote = {After the CIEL project completion including the upgrade of the plasma facing components and the water cooling system, the superconducting Tore Supra Tokamak achieved a world record of injected energy (1.1 GJ), during long duration (6 min) plasma discharges, which was enabled by the upgrade of the transfer system capacities, but also by the steady state toroidal field. The Tore Supra cryogenic refrigerator enables the toroidal field coils to be operated at nominal current along the full daily plasma operation shift. It has capacities of 300 W at 1.8 K, 750 W at 4.5 K and 30 kW at 80 K and was operated with a high reliability for more than 16 years. After a brief recall on the cryogenic refrigeration of the toroidal superconducting magnet, the distribution of the heat loads at the various levels of temperature (in standby mode 150W at 1.8 K and 200W at 4.5 K) is presented. The inventory of the calculated static and variable heat loads deposited within each part of toroidal field coils and thermal shields, is given with the factors of dependence. This analysis identifies and quantifies the major magnetic disturbances like a disruption (about 12 kJ onto the coils and 300 kJ onto the thick casings) which generate additional heat loads for the refrigerator.The measurements associated with the He II saturated bath pumping system, and the supercritical helium loop cooling the thick casings, allow us to verify thereafter the behaviour of the cryo-refrigerator during the long duration discharges, and the compliance with the theoretical model.The conclusions bring results also applicable to the cyoplant of future plant like ITER which will operate with long duration discharges.},

  doi          = {10.1063/1.2202563},

  journal      = {AIP Conference Proceedings},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 823,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Apr 27 00:00:00 EDT 2006},

  month        = {Thu Apr 27 00:00:00 EDT 2006}

}

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DOI: 10.1063/1.2202563

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