Lead enhances CD4{sup +} T cell proliferation indirectly by targeting antigen presenting cells and modulating antigen-specific interactions
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 575 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642 (United States)
Although Pb is a well-known immunotoxicant, its mechanism of action is not well understood. Low levels of Pb ({approx}1 {mu}M) markedly enhance the proliferative T cell response in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC), a process we have termed allo-enhancement. As Pb allo-enhancement occurs whether alloantigen presenting cells (APC) are derived from C57BL/6 or BALB.B10, the allo-reactive T cells involved are likely to be specific for peptide in the context of the IA{sup b} molecule as the IE molecule is null in H-2{sup b} mice. Analysis of T cell division in MLC with Pb treatment indicated that there was no significant difference between Pb and non-Pb-treated cultures until day 4 when the frequency of proliferating T cells was much greater than in non-treated cultures. Our data suggest that this increased proliferation is not coupled with increased IL-2 levels in the media as these were actually decreased with Pb treatment and that Pb-induced enhancement in the allo-proliferative response is only partially dependent upon IL-2. Pb allo-enhancement is abrogated when stimulating allo-APCs are paraformaldehyde-fixed, and T cell proliferation stimulated by concanavalin A is not enhanced with Pb treatment, suggesting that the APC is the proximate target of Pb in allo-MLC. Pb allo-enhancement does not occur when T cells respond to irradiated allo-B cells, alone; however, it is restored when syngeneic CD11c-enriched cells are added. Of the CD11c-enriched splenocytes, the fraction that is adherent after 24 h, consistent with macrophages, appears to be the cell type targeted by Pb. Using T cells from DO11.10 transgenic mice, we determined that the effect of Pb is centered around specific p:MHC interactions and that enhanced costimulation is an unlikely mechanism for Pb allo-enhancement.
- OSTI ID:
- 20721876
- Journal Information:
- Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 207, Issue 2; Other Information: DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2004.12.017; PII: S0041-008X(04)00575-7; Copyright (c) 2005 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0041-008X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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