Semi-Meissner state and neither type-I nor type-II superconductivity in multicomponent superconductors
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-2501 (United States)
- School of Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT (United Kingdom)
Traditionally, superconductors are categorized as type I or type II. Type-I superconductors support only Meissner and normal states, while type-II superconductors form magnetic vortices in sufficiently strong applied magnetic fields. Recently there has been much interest in superconducting systems with several species of condensates, in fields ranging from condensed matter to high energy physics. Here we show that the classification into types I and II is insufficient for such multicomponent superconductors. We obtain solutions representing thermodynamically stable vortices with properties falling outside the usual type-I/type-II dichotomy, in that they have the following features: (i) Pippard electrodynamics, (ii) interaction potential with long-range attractive and short-range repulsive parts, (iii) for an n-quantum vortex, a nonmonotonic ratio E(n)/n where E(n) is the energy per unit length, (iv) energetic preference for nonaxisymmetric vortex states, 'vortex molecules'. Consequently, these superconductors exhibit an emerging first order transition into a 'semi-Meissner' state, an inhomogeneous state comprising a mixture of domains of two-component Meissner state and vortex clusters.
- OSTI ID:
- 20719814
- Journal Information:
- Physical Review. B, Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, Vol. 72, Issue 18; Other Information: DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.180502; (c) 2005 The American Physical Society; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 1098-0121
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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