Quantitative analysis of damage in an octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazonic-based composite explosive subjected to a linear thermal gradient

Peterson, Paul D; Mang, Joseph T; Asay, Blaine W

doi:10.1063/1.1879072

Title: Quantitative analysis of damage in an octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazonic-based composite explosive subjected to a linear thermal gradient

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Abstract

The microstructure within a slowly heated, consolidated explosive will be influenced by both physical changes and chemical reactions prior to thermal ignition. Thermal expansion, exothermic decomposition, endothermic phase change, and increased binder viscosity play significant roles in the cook-off to detonation. To further explore the details of this intricate cook-off process, we have conducted a series of experiments in which a carefully controlled temperature gradient has been applied along a cylinder of PBX 9501 [94.9/2.5/2.5/0.1-wt % octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX)/Estane 5703/a eutectic mixture of bis(2,2 dinitropropyl) acetal and bis(2,2-dinitropropyl) formal [abbreviated BDNPA-F]/Irganox] and maintained for a specified amount of time. After heating and subsequent cooling of the PBX 9501, the sample morphology has been probed with polarized light microscopy and small-angle x-ray scattering. Using these techniques we have quantitatively characterized the particle morphology, porosity, and chemical state of the explosive as a function of position, and therefore thermal treatment. Results of the analyses clearly show that thermal damage in PBX 9501 can be classified into two separate temperature regimes--an initial low-temperature regime (155-174 deg. C) dominated by the endothermic {beta}-{delta} crystalline phase change, thermal expansion, and Ostwald ripening, and a high-temperature regime (175-210 deg. C) dominated by exothermic chemical decomposition. The resultsmore »« less

Authors:

Peterson, Paul D; Mang, Joseph T; Asay, Blaine W ^[1]

Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 (United States)

Publication Date:: Sun May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2005

OSTI Identifier:: 20713909

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Journal Name:: Journal of Applied Physics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 97; Journal Issue: 9; Other Information: DOI: 10.1063/1.1879072; (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0021-8979

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL STATE; COMPOSITE MATERIALS; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; EUTECTICS; EXPLOSIVES; HEAT TREATMENTS; IGNITION; MICROSTRUCTURE; MORPHOLOGY; OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS; POROSITY; PYROLYSIS; REACTION KINETICS; SMALL ANGLE SCATTERING; TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS; TEMPERATURE RANGE 0400-1000 K; THERMAL EXPANSION; X-RAY DIFFRACTION

Citation Formats


                    Peterson, Paul D, Mang, Joseph T, and Asay, Blaine W. Quantitative analysis of damage in an octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazonic-based composite explosive subjected to a linear thermal gradient.  United States: N. p., 2005. 
        Web.  doi:10.1063/1.1879072.

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                    Peterson, Paul D, Mang, Joseph T, & Asay, Blaine W. Quantitative analysis of damage in an octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazonic-based composite explosive subjected to a linear thermal gradient.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1879072

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                    Peterson, Paul D, Mang, Joseph T, and Asay, Blaine W. 2005.  
        "Quantitative analysis of damage in an octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazonic-based composite explosive subjected to a linear thermal gradient".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1879072.

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@article{osti_20713909,

  title        = {Quantitative analysis of damage in an octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazonic-based composite explosive subjected to a linear thermal gradient},

  author       = {Peterson, Paul D and Mang, Joseph T and Asay, Blaine W},

  abstractNote = {The microstructure within a slowly heated, consolidated explosive will be influenced by both physical changes and chemical reactions prior to thermal ignition. Thermal expansion, exothermic decomposition, endothermic phase change, and increased binder viscosity play significant roles in the cook-off to detonation. To further explore the details of this intricate cook-off process, we have conducted a series of experiments in which a carefully controlled temperature gradient has been applied along a cylinder of PBX 9501 [94.9/2.5/2.5/0.1-wt % octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX)/Estane 5703/a eutectic mixture of bis(2,2 dinitropropyl) acetal and bis(2,2-dinitropropyl) formal [abbreviated BDNPA-F]/Irganox] and maintained for a specified amount of time. After heating and subsequent cooling of the PBX 9501, the sample morphology has been probed with polarized light microscopy and small-angle x-ray scattering. Using these techniques we have quantitatively characterized the particle morphology, porosity, and chemical state of the explosive as a function of position, and therefore thermal treatment. Results of the analyses clearly show that thermal damage in PBX 9501 can be classified into two separate temperature regimes--an initial low-temperature regime (155-174 deg. C) dominated by the endothermic {beta}-{delta} crystalline phase change, thermal expansion, and Ostwald ripening, and a high-temperature regime (175-210 deg. C) dominated by exothermic chemical decomposition. The results further show the complex interplay between the evolving sample morphology and the chemical reactions leading to a potential thermal self-ignition in the explosive.},

  doi          = {10.1063/1.1879072},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/20713909},
  journal      = {Journal of Applied Physics},

  issn         = {0021-8979},

  number       = 9,

  volume       = 97,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Sun May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2005},

  month        = {Sun May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2005}

}

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