Development and characterization of nanostructure tin alloys as anodes in lithium-ion batteries
Several tin-antimony and tin-zinc nanostructure alloys were electroplated from an acid bath, on a copper foil, at current densities higher by an order of magnitude than the limiting current density. They have been characterized as potential high-capacity anodes for lithium-ion battery applications. SEM micrographs of the tin-based alloys reveal nanosize particles, which aggregate into larger agglomerates of fractal shapes. On the nanoscale. the zinc-tin alloys have house-of-cards or honeycomb morphology. The composition of one series of tin based alloys was Sn:Sb (atomic ratio) 1.4:1 to 9:1; another alloy consisted of Sn:Sb:Cu in the ratio 34:10:4. All contained about 5% carbon and about 20% oxygen. The zinc-rich tin alloys contain at least 80 atomic percent zinc (their electrochemical characterization will be reported elsewhere). Tin-based alloys with low antimony content, have high reversible capacity (up to 700 mAh/g), low irreversible capacity (about 24%), a better rate capability, and a lower average working potential vs. Li. On the other hand, alloys rich in antimony have a longer cycle life, but poor rate capability and a high average working potential vs. Li. The addition of copper to the tin-based alloys improved cycle life and slightly reduced irreversible capacity.
- Research Organization:
- Tel-Aviv Univ. (IL)
- OSTI ID:
- 20086878
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 1999 Materials Research Society Spring Meeting, San Francisco, CA (US), 04/05/1999--04/08/1999; Other Information: PBD: 2000; Related Information: In: New materials for batteries and fuel cells. Materials Research Society symposium proceedings, Volume 575, by Doughty, D.H.; Nazar, L.F.; Arakawa, Masayasu; Brack, H.P.; Naoi, Katsuhiko [eds.], 454 pages.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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