Seamless Transition of Critical Infrastructures using Droop Controlled Grid-forming Inverters

Chakraborty, Soham; Patel, Sourav; Saraswat, Govind; Maqsood, Atif; Salapaka, Murti V.

doi:10.1109/tie.2023.3253946

Title: Seamless Transition of Critical Infrastructures using Droop Controlled Grid-forming Inverters

Journal Article · 13 March 2023 · IEEE Translations on Industrial Electronics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2023.3253946· OSTI ID:1975213

^[1];

^[1]; Saraswat, Govind ^[2]; Maqsood, Atif ^[3];

^[1]

Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States)
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Dynapower Company LLC, South Burlington, VT (United States)

Seamless recovery of power to critical infrastructures, after grid failure, is a crucial need arising in scenarios that are increasingly becoming more frequent. Here, this article proposes a seamless transition strategy using a single and unified mode-dependent droop controlled grid-forming inverters. The control strategy achieves the following objectives: 1) regulates the output active and reactive power by the droop-controlled inverters to a desired value while operating in on-grid mode; 2) seamless transition and recovery of power injections into the load after grid failure by inverters that operates in grid-forming mode all the time; 3) requires only a single bit of information on the grid/network status for the mode transition. A framework for assessing the stability of the system and to guide the choice of parameters for controllers is developed using control-oriented modeling. A controller hardware-in-the-loop-based real-time simulation study on a test system based on the realistic electrical network of a commercial-scale medical center is conducted for initial prototyping of the control strategy. A hardware experiment is conducted with two 3 - $$\phi$$, 480 -V, 125 -kVA grid-forming inverters, a 3 - $$\phi$$, 480 -V, 270 -kVA grid simulator, a physical grid switch, and a physical load bank. The experimental data establishes the effectiveness of the always grid-forming operation and control of inverters in meeting power delivery objectives when on-grid and off-grid under various kinds of loads and scenarios while minimizing transients during transitions. Furthermore, performance comparison with existing strategies showcases the advantage of the proposed strategy.

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Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308; AR0001016

OSTI ID:: 1975213

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5D00-83151; MainId:83924; UUID:7a570d87-3328-4d51-8c51-9aa4911f433a; MainAdminID:68241

Journal Information:: IEEE Translations on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 71, Issue 2; ISSN 0278-0046

Publisher:: IEEECopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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