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Crystal chemistry at high pressure

Other · · Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry III
 [1];  [1]
  1. State Univ. of New York at Buffalo, NY (United States)

The chemistry we are taught in school, and we experience in our daily existence occurs at 1 atm. However, pressure spans an astounding 62 orders of magnitude in the Universe in going from the void of interstellar space to the crushing conditions at the center of a neutron star. The way in which pressure affects chemistry is important for Earth and planetary sciences, materials science, in understanding the extreme conditions experienced in nuclear explosions, and it may be key in addressing the future energy needs of our society. In this article we outline how the often neglected pressure variable affects chemistry, beginning from the way in which atomic energy levels are altered. This lays the foundation for understanding the unique crystal and electronic structures that emerge when matter is squeezed, as well as pressure’s effect on chemical reactivity. Finally, we give an overview of the main concepts behind conventional, or phonon-mediated, superconductivity, and describe how the pressure variable may be key in discovering and designing light-element based materials whose superconducting critical temperatures approach room temperature. Here, we discuss some of the main families of superconducting hydrides that have been predicted computationally, and the experimental successes in this exciting and rapidly developing field.

Research Organization:
Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Programs (DP); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)
DOE Contract Number:
NA0003975; SC0020340
OSTI ID:
1968603
Journal Information:
Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry III, Journal Name: Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry III
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Superconductivity up to 243 K in the yttrium-hydrogen system under high pressure journal August 2021
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Superconductive sodalite-like clathrate calcium hydride at high pressures journal April 2012
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Pressure-induced metallization of dense (H2S)2H2 with high-Tc superconductivity journal November 2014
Breakdown of the Migdal approximation at Lifshitz transitions with giant zero-point motion in the H3S superconductor journal April 2016
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Superconductivity of H 3 S doped with light elements journal November 2021
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Influence of bonding on superconductivity in high-pressure hydrides journal August 2015
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Phase Diagram and Bonding States of Pu–H Binary Compounds at High Pressures journal March 2020
Structural Diversity and Superconductivity in S–P–H Ternary Hydrides under Pressure journal April 2022
Relating atomic energy, radius and electronegativity through compression journal January 2021
A high-pressure van der Waals compound in solid nitrogen-helium mixtures journal July 1992
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Establishing gold and platinum standards to 1 terapascal using shockless compression journal June 2021
Superconducting state of Ca-VII below a critical temperature of 29 K at a pressure of 216 GPa journal June 2011
Thermodynamics and superconductivity of S x Se 1 − x H 3 journal February 2019
Multigap Superconductivity at Extremely High Temperature: A Model for the Case of Pressurized H2S journal January 2017
Prediction of Stable Ground-State Lithium Polyhydrides under High Pressures journal March 2017
Phase transitions in K and Rb under pressure journal December 1983
The electron localization function (ELF) and its relatives: interpretations and difficulties journal August 2005
Nonempirical Calculation of Superconducting Transition Temperatures in Light-Element Superconductors journal January 2017
Synthesis of Xenon and Iron-Nickel Intermetallic Compounds at Earth’s Core Thermodynamic Conditions journal February 2018
Stable Lithium Argon compounds under high pressure journal November 2015
Observation of the Wigner-Huntington transition to metallic hydrogen journal January 2017
High-Pressure Synthesized Lithium Pentazolate Compound Metastable under Ambient Conditions journal March 2018
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