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Frequency Recovery in Power Grids Using High-Performance Computing

Conference ·
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Maintaining electric power system stability is paramount, especially in extreme contingencies involving unexpected outages of multiple generators or transmission lines that are typical during severe weather events. Such outages often lead to large supply-demand mismatches followed by subsequent system frequency deviations from their nominal value. The extent of frequency deviations is an important metric of system resilience, and its timely mitigation is a central goal of power system operation and control. This paper develops a novel nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) method to minimize frequency deviations when the grid is affected by an unforeseen loss of multiple components. Our method is based on a novel multi-period alternating current optimal power flow (ACOPF) formulation that accurately models both nonlinear electric power flow physics and the primary and secondary frequency response of generator control mechanisms. We develop a distributed parallel Julia package for solving the large-scale nonlinear optimization problems that result from our NMPC method and thereby address realistic test instances on existing high-performance computing architectures. Our method demonstrates superior performance in terms of frequency recovery over existing industry practices, where generator levels are set based on the solution of single-period classical ACOPF models.

Research Organization:
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); Exascale Computing Project (ECP)
DOE Contract Number:
AC36-08GO28308
OSTI ID:
1958148
Report Number(s):
NREL/CP-2C00-85374; MainId:86147; UUID:875ba631-3000-452e-b910-fbea9d2d6dc0; MainAdminID:68803
Resource Relation:
Conference: Presented at the 51st International Conference on Parallel Processing, 29 August - 1 September 2022, Bordeaux, France
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (9)

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Toward the Next Generation of Multiperiod Optimal Power Flow Solvers journal July 2018
Multi-period AC-QP optimal power flow including storage conference June 2016
A Survey of Relaxations and Approximations of the Power Flow Equations journal January 2019
Wind Turbines Emulating Inertia and Supporting Primary Frequency Control journal February 2006
A Multiperiod Optimization-Based Metric of Grid Resilience conference August 2019
Temporary Primary Frequency Control Support by Variable Speed Wind Turbines— Potential and Applications journal May 2008
The Design, Deployment, and Evaluation of the CORAL Pre-Exascale Systems
  • Vazhkudai, Sudharshan S.; de Supinski, Bronis R.; Bland, Arthur S.
  • SC18: International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis https://doi.org/10.1109/SC.2018.00055
conference November 2018

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Related Subjects

POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
nonlinear model predictive control
optimal power flow
parallel computing
power systems planning