High-Biomass Sorghums as a Feedstock for Renewable Fuels and Chemicals

Silva, Tallyta N.; Vermerris, Wilfred

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-8249-3_29

High-Biomass Sorghums as a Feedstock for Renewable Fuels and Chemicals

Other · 05 January 2021 · Sorghum in the 21st Century: Food – Fodder – Feed – Fuel for a Rapidly Changing World

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8249-3_29· OSTI ID:1901823

Silva, Tallyta N. ^[1]; Vermerris, Wilfred ^[2]

Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States); Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)

High-biomass sorghums are intended for use in biorefineries that convert vegetative biomass into renewable fuels and chemicals. The majority of plant biomass consists of cell walls, a complex matrix of cellulose, hemicellulosic polysaccharides and lignin. In the biorefinery, the biomass is ground and then subjected to a thermo-chemical pretreatment (elevated temperature, high pressure, chemical catalysts) that disrupts the cell wall matrix and solubilizes some of the cell wall polymers, followed by enzymatic saccharification of the cellulose, which produces D-glucose. The glucose and sometimes also the xylose derived from the hydrolysis of the hemicellulosic polysaccharides, are subsequently converted to fuels or other useful chemicals by microbial biocatalysts. The genetic improvement of high-biomass sorghums has as its ultimate goals to maximize the yield of fermentable sugars on a per-hectare basis, to minimize the inputs of fertilizer, irrigation, fungicides and pesticides and to reduce the environmental footprint. Breeding strategies thus need to target biomass yield, biomass composition, maturity, pest and disease resistance and nutrient use efficiency. Furthermore, this chapter reviews the genetic basis of these traits and their potential application in breeding programs.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Biological Systems Science Division

DOE Contract Number:: SC0019097

OSTI ID:: 1901823

Journal Information:: Sorghum in the 21st Century: Food – Fodder – Feed – Fuel for a Rapidly Changing World, Journal Name: Sorghum in the 21st Century: Food – Fodder – Feed – Fuel for a Rapidly Changing World

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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