Ten questions concerning energy flexibility in buildings

Li, Rongling; Satchwell, Andrew J.; Finn, Donal; Christensen, Toke Haunstrup; Kummert, Michaël; Le Dréau, Jérôme; Lopes, Rui Amaral; Madsen, Henrik; Salom, Jaume; Henze, Gregor; Wittchen, Kim

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109461

Ten questions concerning energy flexibility in buildings

Journal Article · Sat Aug 06 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Building and Environment

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109461· OSTI ID:1888780

^[1]; Satchwell, Andrew J. ^[2]; Finn, Donal ^[3]; Christensen, Toke Haunstrup ^[4]; Kummert, Michaël ^[5]; Le Dréau, Jérôme ^[6]; Lopes, Rui Amaral ^[7]; Madsen, Henrik ^[8]; Salom, Jaume ^[9]; ^[10]; Wittchen, Kim ^[4]

Technical Univ. of Denmark, Lyngby (Denmark)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
University College Dublin (Ireland)
Aalborg Univ., Copenhagen (Denmark)
Polytechnique Montreal, QC (Canada)
University of La Rochelle (France)
NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), Caparica (Portugal); Centre of Technology and Systems (CTS UNINOVA), Caparica (Portugal)
Technical Univ. of Denmark, Lyngby (Denmark); Norwegian Univ. of Science and Technology, Trondheim (Norway)
Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, Barcelona (Spain)
Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States); Renewable and Sustainable Energy Inst. (RASEI), Boulder, CO (United States); National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Demand side energy flexibility is increasingly being viewed as an essential enabler for the swift transition to a low-carbon energy system that displaces conventional fossil fuels with renewable energy sources while maintaining, if not improving, the operation of the energy system. Building energy flexibility may address several challenges facing energy systems and electricity consumers as society transitions to a low-carbon energy system characterized by distributed and intermittent energy resources. For example, by changing the timing and amount of building energy consumption through advanced building technologies, electricity demand and supply balance can be improved to enable greater integration of variable renewable energy. Although the benefits of utilizing energy flexibility from the built environment are generally recognized, solutions that reflect diversity in building stocks, customer behavior, and market rules and regulations need to be developed for successful implementation. In this paper, we pose and answer ten questions covering technological, social, commercial, and regulatory aspects to enable the utilization of energy flexibility of buildings in practice. In particular, we provide a critical overview of techniques and methods for quantifying and harnessing energy flexibility. We discuss the concepts of resilience and multi-carrier energy systems and their relation to energy flexibility. We argue the importance of balancing stakeholder engagement and technology deployment. Finally, we highlight the crucial roles of standardization, regulation, and policy in advancing the deployment of energy flexible buildings.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Energy Efficiency Office. Building Technologies Office; European Commission (EC); Syn.ikia; Hestia; Danish Energy Agency; Innovation Fund Denmark; Flexible Energy Denmark; Center of Technology and Systems; Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT); Research Council of Norway; National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308; 101036723; 869918; 957823; 64020-2131; IFD 0143-0004; IFD 8090-00069B; AC02-05CH11231; CTS UNINOVA; UIDB/00066/2020; 2576609; 294920; RGPIN 2016-06643

OSTI ID:: 1888780

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2323445

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5500-84060; MainId:84833; UUID:a9f1de40-9355-4fff-bd1b-c39bf1195a10; MainAdminID:67531

Journal Information:: Building and Environment, Vol. 223; ISSN 0360-1323

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Ten questions concerning energy flexibility in buildings

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