Ion Transport in Batteries with Polymer Electrolytes

Yu, Xiaopeng; Lennartz, Peter; Sahore, Ritu; Dudney, Nancy; Brunklaus, Gunther; Balsara, Nitash P.

doi:10.1002/9783527815562.mme0042

Ion Transport in Batteries with Polymer Electrolytes

Book · 01 March 2022

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527815562.mme0042· OSTI ID:1871923

Yu, Xiaopeng ^[1]; Lennartz, Peter ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[3]; Brunklaus, Gunther ^[2]; Balsara, Nitash P. ^[1]

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL)
Helmholtz-Institute Münster (IEK-12),
ORNL

We discuss polymer electrolytes for use in rechargeable lithium batteries. Polymer electrolytes have the potential to enable batteries with lithium metal anodes. These batteries have significantly higher theoretical energy densities than current lithium-ion batteries. We consider binary mixtures of polymers and salts. We also cover more complex systems such as polymer electrolytes swollen with a solvent (gel polymer electrolytes) and microphase separated polymer electrolytes. By covalently attaching the anions to the chains in a polymer solid, one obtains a single-ion conductor. We mainly focus on experiments wherein the polymer electrolyte is placed between two lithium metal electrodes. These experiments enable the determination of three transport parameters, ionic conductivity, salt diffusion coefficient, and transference number, and the thermodynamic factor. The properties of dry polymer electrolytes are contrasted with those of gel polymer electrolytes. The gel systems exhibit higher conductivity while the dry systems exhibit superior mechanical properties. We discuss interfacial impedance when lithium metal is contacted with polymer electrolytes and the importance of coulombic efficiency.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1871923

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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