Accurate Determination of the Neutron Skin Thickness of Pb 208 through Parity-Violation in Electron Scattering

Adhikari, D.; Albataineh, H.; Androic, D.; Aniol, K.; Armstrong, D.  S.; Averett, T.; Ayerbe Gayoso, C.; Barcus, S.; Bellini, V.; Beminiwattha, R.  S.; Benesch, J.  F.; Bhatt, H.; Bhatta Pathak, D.; Bhetuwal, D.; Blaikie, B.; Campagna, Q.; Camsonne, A.; Cates, G.  D.; Chen, Y.; Clarke, C.; Cornejo, J.  C.; Covrig Dusa, S.; Datta, P.; Deshpande, A.; Dutta, D.; Feldman, C.; Fuchey, E.; Gal, C.; Gaskell, D.; Gautam, T.; Gericke, M.; Ghosh, C.; Halilovic, I.; Hansen, J. -O.; Hauenstein, F.; Henry, W.; Horowitz, C.  J.; Jantzi, C.; Jian, S.; Johnston, S.; Jones, D.  C.; Karki, B.; Katugampola, S.; Keppel, C.; King, P.  M.; King, D.  E.; Knauss, M.; Kumar, K.  S.; Kutz, T.; Lashley-Colthirst, N.; Leverick, G.; Liu, H.; Liyange, N.; Malace, S.; Mammei, R.; Mammei, J.; McCaughan, M.; McNulty, D.; Meekins, D.; Metts, C.; Michaels, R.; Mondal, M.  M.; Napolitano, J.; Narayan, A.; Nikolaev, D.; Rashad, M.  N. H.; Owen, V.; Palatchi, C.; Pan, J.; Pandey, B.; Park, S.; Paschke, K.  D.; Petrusky, M.; Pitt, M.  L.; Premathilake, S.; Puckett, A.  J. R.; Quinn, B.; Radloff, R.; Rahman, S.; Rathnayake, A.; Reed, B.  T.; Reimer, P.  E.; Richards, R.; Riordan, S.; Roblin, Y.; Seeds, S.; Shahinyan, A.; Souder, P.; Tang, L.; Thiel, M.; Tian, Y.; Urciuoli, G.  M.; Wertz, E.  W.; Wojtsekhowski, B.; Yale, B.; Ye, T.; Yoon, A.; Zec, A.; Zhang, W.; Zhang, J.; Zheng, X.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.126.172502

Title: Accurate Determination of the Neutron Skin Thickness of ${}^{208}{Pb}$ through Parity-Violation in Electron Scattering

Journal Article · Tue Apr 27 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Physical Review Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.126.172502· OSTI ID:1783160

Adhikari, D.; Albataineh, H.; Androic, D.; Aniol, K.; Armstrong, D. S.; Averett, T.; Ayerbe Gayoso, C.; Barcus, S.; Bellini, V.; Beminiwattha, R. S.; Benesch, J. F.; Bhatt, H.; Bhatta Pathak, D.; Bhetuwal, D.; Blaikie, B.; Campagna, Q.; Camsonne, A.; Cates, G. D.; Chen, Y.; Clarke, C. more »

We report a precision measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry A_PV in the elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from ²⁰⁸Pb. We measure A_PV= 550 ± 16 (stat) ±8 (syst) parts per billion, leading to an extraction of the neutral weak form factor F_W(Q²= 0.00616 GeV²) = 0.368 ± 0.013. Combined with our previous measurement, the extracted neutron skin thickness is R_n-R_p= 0.283 ± 0.071 fm. The result also yields the first significant direct measurement of the interior weak density of ²⁰⁸Pb: ρ$$^0_W$$ = -0.0796 ± 0.0036(exp) ± 0.0013(theo) fm^-3 leading to the interior baryon density ρ$$^0_b$$ = 0.1480 ± 0.0036(exp) ± 0.0013(theo) fm^-3. Finally, the measurement accurately constrains the density dependence of the symmetry energy of nuclear matter near saturation density, with implications for the size and composition of neutron stars.

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Research Organization:: Temple Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States); Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Idaho State Univ., Pocatello, ID (United States); Mississippi State Univ., Mississippi State, MS (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)

Contributing Organization:: PREX Collaboration

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0020422; AC05-06OR23177; AC02-06CH11357; SC0021244; FG02-07ER41528

OSTI ID:: 1783160

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1787467; OSTI ID: 1798045; OSTI ID: 1847634; OSTI ID: 1873219; OSTI ID: 1902250

Report Number(s):: JLAB-PHY-21-3420; DOE/OR/23177-5238; arXiv:2102.10767; TRN: US2210085

Journal Information:: Physical Review Letters, Vol. 126, Issue 17; ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Accurate Determination of the Neutron Skin Thickness of ${}^{208}{Pb}$ through Parity-Violation in Electron Scattering