Updraft and Downdraft Core Size and Intensity as Revealed by Radar Wind Profilers: MCS Observations and Idealized Model Comparisons

Wang, Die´; Giangrande, Scott; Feng, Zhe; Hardin, Joseph C.; Prein, Andreas

doi:10.1029/2019JD031774

Title: Updraft and Downdraft Core Size and Intensity as Revealed by Radar Wind Profilers: MCS Observations and Idealized Model Comparisons

Journal Article · Tue Jun 16 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD031774· OSTI ID:1639162

Wang, Die´ ^[1]; Giangrande, Scott ^[1];

^[2];

^[2]; Prein, Andreas ^[3]

Brookhaven National Laboratory
BATTELLE (PACIFIC NW LAB)
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)

This study explores the updraft and downdraft properties of mature stage mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) in terms of draft core width, shape, intensity, and mass flux characteristics. The observations use extended radar wind profiler (RWP) and surveillance radar datasets from the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program for midlatitude (Oklahoma, USA) and tropical (Amazon, Brazil) sites. MCS drafts behave qualitatively similar to previous aircraft and RWP cloud summaries. The Oklahoma MCSs indicate larger and more intense convective up- and downdraft cores, and greater mass flux than Amazon MCS counterparts. However, similar size-intensity relationships and draft vertical profile behaviors are observed for both regions. Additional similarities include weak positive correlations between core intensity and core width (correlation coefficient r ~ 0.5), and increases in draft intensity with altitude. A model-observational intercomparison for draft properties (core width, intensity, mass flux) is also performed to illustrate the potential usefulness of statistical observed draft characterizations. Idealized simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting model aligned with midlatitude MCS conditions are performed at model grid spacings (?x) that range from 4 km to 250 m. It is shown that the simulations performed at ?x = 250 m at similar mature MCS lifecycle stages are those that exhibit draft intensity, width, mass flux, and shape parameter performances best matching with observed properties.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1639162

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-153267

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 125, Issue 11

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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