Measurement of the scintillation and ionization response of liquid xenon at MeV energies in the EXO-200 experiment

Anton, G.; Badhrees, I.; Barbeau, P. S.; Beck, D.; Belov, V.; Bhatta, T.; Breidenbach, M.; Brunner, T.; Cao, G. F.; Cen, W. R.; Chambers, C.; Cleveland, B.; Coon, M.; Craycraft, A.; Daniels, T.; Darroch, L.; Daugherty, S. J.; Davis, J.; Delaquis, S.; Der Mesrobian-Kabakian, A.; DeVoe, R.; Dilling, J.; Dolgolenko, A.; Dolinski, M. J.; Echevers, J.; Fairbank, W.; Fairbank, D.; Farine, J.; Feyzbakhsh, S.; Fierlinger, P.; Fudenberg, D.; Gautam, P.; Gornea, R.; Gratta, G.; Hall, C.; Hansen, E. V.; Hoessl, J.; Hufschmidt, P.; Hughes, M.; Iverson, A.; Jamil, A.; Jessiman, C.; Jewell, M. J.; Johnson, A.; Karelin, A.; Kaufman, L. J.; Koffas, T.; Krücken, R.; Kuchenkov, A.; Kumar, K. S.; Lan, Y.; Larson, A.; Lenardo, B. G.; Leonard, D. S.; Li, G. S.; Li, S.; Li, Z.; Licciardi, C.; Lin, Y. H.; MacLellan, R.; McElroy, T.; Michel, T.; Mong, B.; Moore, D. C.; Murray, K.; Neilson, R.; Njoya, O.; Nusair, O.; Odian, A.; Ostrovskiy, I.; Piepke, A.; Pocar, A.; Retière, F.; Robinson, A. L.; Rowson, P. C.; Runge, J.; Schmidt, S.; Sinclair, D.; Soma, A. K.; Stekhanov, V.; Tarka, M.; Todd, J.; Tolba, T.; Tosi, D.; Totev, T. I.; Veenstra, B.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Vuilleumier, J.-L.; Wagenpfeil, M.; Watkins, J.; Weber, M.; Wen, L. J.; Wichoski, U.; Wrede, G.; Wu, S. X.; Xia, Q.; Yahne, D. R.; Yang, L.; Yen, Y.-R.; Zeldovich, O. Ya.; Ziegler, T.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.101.065501

Title: Measurement of the scintillation and ionization response of liquid xenon at MeV energies in the EXO-200 experiment

Journal Article · Mon Jun 15 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Physical Review. C

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.101.065501· OSTI ID:1637652

Anton, G.; Badhrees, I.; Barbeau, P. S.; Beck, D.; Belov, V.; Bhatta, T.; Breidenbach, M.; Brunner, T.; Cao, G. F.; Cen, W. R.; Chambers, C.; Cleveland, B.; Coon, M.; Craycraft, A.; Daniels, T.; Darroch, L.; Daugherty, S. J.; Davis, J.; Delaquis, S.; Der Mesrobian-Kabakian, A. more »

Liquid xenon (LXe) is employed in a number of current and future detectors for rare event searches. We use the EXO-200 experimental data to measure the absolute scintillation and ionization yields generated by γ interactions from 228Th (2615 keV), 226Ra (1764 keV), and 60Co (1332 keV and 1173 keV) calibration sources, over a range of electric fields. The W value that defines the recombination-independent energy scale is measured to be 11.5 ± 0.5 (syst.) ±0.1 (stat.) eV. These data are also used to measure the recombination fluctuations in the number of electrons and photons produced by the calibration sources at the MeV scale, which deviate from extrapolations of lower-energy data. Additionally, a semiempirical model for the energy resolution of the detector is developed, which is used to constrain the recombination efficiency, i.e., the fraction of recombined electrons that result in the emission of a detectable photon. Detailed measurements of the absolute charge and light yields for MeV-scale electron recoils are important for predicting the performance of future neutrinoless double β-decay detectors.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Stanford Univ., CA (United States); Univ. of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Science Foundtaion (NSF); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF); Institute for Basic Science (IBS); Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR); German Research Foundation (DFG); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China (ISTCP)

Contributing Organization:: EXO-200 Collaboration

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515; SC0017970; FG02-01ER41166

OSTI ID:: 1637652

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1660464; OSTI ID: 1830778

Journal Information:: Physical Review. C, Vol. 101, Issue 6; ISSN 2469-9985

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 15 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (57)

Search for Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay with the Upgraded EXO-200 Detector Albert, J. B.; Anton, G.; Badhrees, I. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 120, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.072701	journal	February 2018
Experimental study of ionization yield of liquid xenon for electron recoils in the energy range 2.8–80 keV Akimov, D. Yu.; Afanasyev, V. V.; Alexandrov, I. S. Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 9, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/9/11/P11014	journal	November 2014
Scintillation response of liquid xenon to low energy nuclear recoils Aprile, E.; Giboni, K. L.; Majewski, P. Physical Review D, Vol. 72, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.72.072006	journal	October 2005
Nuclear recoil scintillation and ionisation yields in liquid xenon from ZEPLIN-III data Horn, M.; Belov, V. A.; Akimov, D. Yu. Physics Letters B, Vol. 705, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2011.10.038	journal	November 2011
Response of the XENON100 dark matter detector to nuclear recoils Aprile, E.; Alfonsi, M.; Arisaka, K. Physical Review D, Vol. 88, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.88.012006	journal	July 2013
Improved measurement of the $2 ν β β$ half-life of $^{136}$ Xe with the EXO-200 detector Albert, J. B.; Auger, M.; Auty, D. J. Physical Review C, Vol. 89, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.89.015502	journal	January 2014
Infrared scintillation in gases, liquids and crystals Belogurov, S.; Bressi, G.; Carugno, G. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Vol. 47, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/23.914447	journal	January 2000
Estimation of absolute photon yields in liquid argon and xenon for relativistic (1 MeV) electrons Doke, Tadayoshi; Masuda, Kimiaki; Shibamura, Eido Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 291, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(90)90011-T	journal	June 1990
NEST: a comprehensive model for scintillation yield in liquid xenon Szydagis, M.; Barry, N.; Kazkaz, K. Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 6, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/6/10/P10002	journal	October 2011
LET dependence of scintillation yields in liquid xenon Tanaka, M.; Doke, T.; Hitachi, A. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 457, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(00)00785-3	journal	January 2001
Average energy expended per ion pair in liquid xenon Takahashi, T.; Konno, S.; Hamada, T. Physical Review A, Vol. 12, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.12.1771	journal	November 1975
Intense infrared scintillation of liquid Ar-Xe mixtures Neumeier, A.; Dandl, T.; Heindl, T. EPL (Europhysics Letters), Vol. 106, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/106/32001	journal	May 2014
Liquid xenon detectors for particle physics and astrophysics Aprile, E.; Doke, T. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 82, Issue 3, p. 2053-2097 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.82.2053	journal	July 2010
Simultaneous Measurement of Ionization and Scintillation from Nuclear Recoils in Liquid Xenon for a Dark Matter Experiment Aprile, E.; Dahl, C. E.; de Viveiros, L. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 97, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.081302	journal	August 2006
A dual-phase xenon TPC for scintillation and ionisation yield measurements in liquid xenon Baudis, Laura; Biondi, Yanina; Capelli, Chiara The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 78, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-5801-5	journal	April 2018
Sensitivity and discovery potential of the proposed nEXO experiment to neutrinoless double- $β$ decay Albert, J. B.; Anton, G.; Arnquist, I. J. Physical Review C, Vol. 97, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.97.065503	journal	June 2018
A measurement of the electron–hole pair creation energy and the Fano factor in silicon for 5.9keV X-rays and their temperature dependence in the range 80–270K Lowe, B. G.; Sareen, R. A. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 576, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2007.03.020	journal	June 2007
The EXO-200 detector, part I: detector design and construction Auger, M.; Auty, D. J.; Barbeau, P. S. Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 7, Issue 05 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/7/05/P05010	journal	May 2012
Design and performance of the XENON10 dark matter experiment Aprile, E.; Angle, J.; Arneodo, F. Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 34, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2011.01.006	journal	April 2011
Quantum efficiencies exceeding unity due to impact ionization in silicon solar cells Kolodinski, Sabine; Werner, Jürgen H.; Wittchen, Thomas Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 63, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.110489	journal	October 1993
New measurement of the scintillation efficiency of low-energy nuclear recoils in liquid xenon Plante, G.; Aprile, E.; Budnik, R. Physical Review C, Vol. 84, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.84.045805	journal	October 2011
Quantum Efficiency of Silicon in the Vacuum Ultraviolet Tuzzolino, A. J. Physical Review, Vol. 134, Issue 1A https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.134.A205	journal	April 1964
Near-infrared scintillation of liquid argon Alexander, T.; Escobar, C. O.; Lippincott, W. H. Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 11, Issue 03 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/03/C03010	journal	March 2016
Correlated fluctuations between luminescence and ionization in liquid xenon Conti, E.; DeVoe, R.; Gratta, G. Physical Review B, Vol. 68, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.68.054201	journal	August 2003
Observation of Two-Neutrino Double-Beta Decay in ${}^{136}{Xe}$ with the EXO-200 Detector Ackerman, N.; Aharmim, B.; Auger, M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.212501	journal	November 2011
Absolute Scintillation Yields in Liquid Argon and Xenon for Various Particles Doke, Tadayoshi; Hitachi, Akira; Kikuchi, Jun Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 41, Issue Part 1, No. 3A https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.41.1538	journal	March 2002
Dark Matter Results from 54-Ton-Day Exposure of PandaX-II Experiment Cui, Xiangyi; Abdukerim, Abdusalam; Chen, Wei Physical Review Letters, Vol. 119, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.181302	journal	October 2017
Signal yields, energy resolution, and recombination fluctuations in liquid xenon Akerib, D. S.; Alsum, S.; Araújo, H. M. Physical Review D, Vol. 95, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.95.012008	journal	January 2017
A historical view on the R&D for liquid rare gas detectors Doke, Tadayoshi Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 327, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(93)91423-K	journal	March 1993
Characterization of large area APDs for the EXO-200 detector Neilson, R.; LePort, F.; Pocar, A. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 608, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2009.06.029	journal	September 2009
Liquid noble gas detectors for low energy particle physics Chepel, V.; Araújo, H. Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 8, Issue 04 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/8/04/R04001	journal	April 2013
Large area avalanche photodiodes in scintillation and X-rays detection Moszyński, M.; Szawlowski, M.; Kapusta, M. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 485, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(01)02117-9	journal	June 2002
Improved measurements of the $β$ -decay response of liquid xenon with the LUX detector Akerib, D. S.; Alsum, S.; Araújo, H. M. Physical Review D, Vol. 100, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.100.022002	journal	July 2019
Signal yields of keV electronic recoils and their discrimination from nuclear recoils in liquid xenon Aprile, E.; Aalbers, J.; Agostini, F. Physical Review D, Vol. 97, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.97.092007	journal	May 2018
Calibration, event reconstruction, data analysis, and limit calculation for the LUX dark matter experiment Akerib, D. S.; Alsum, S.; Araújo, H. M. Physical Review D, Vol. 97, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.97.102008	journal	May 2018
MiX: a position sensitive dual-phase liquid xenon detector Stephenson, S.; Haefner, J.; Lin, Q. Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 10, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/10/10/P10040	journal	October 2015
Search for Neutrinoless Double- β Decay with the Complete EXO-200 Dataset Anton, G.; Badhrees, I.; Barbeau, P. S. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 123, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.161802	journal	October 2019
On photo-ionization by fast electrons in germanium and silicon Vavilov, Victor S. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, Vol. 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3697(59)90322-1	journal	January 1959
3D modeling of electric fields in the LUX detector Akerib, D. S.; Alsum, S.; Araújo, H. M. Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 12, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/12/11/P11022	journal	November 2017
Observation of anticorrelation between scintillation and ionization for MeV gamma rays in liquid xenon Aprile, E.; Giboni, K. L.; Majewski, P. Physical Review B, Vol. 76, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.76.014115	journal	July 2007
The spectroscopic properties of high-pressure xenon Bolotnikov, Aleksey; Ramsey, Brian Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 396, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(97)00784-5	journal	September 1997
Infrared scintillation: a comparison between gaseous and liquid xenon Bressi, G.; Carugno, G.; Conti, E. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 461, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(00)01249-3	journal	April 2001
Performance and fundamental processes at low energy in a two-phase liquid xenon dark matter detector Shutt, T.; Dahl, C. E.; Kwong, J. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 579, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2007.04.104	journal	August 2007
Recombination luminescence in liquid argon and in liquid xenon Kubota, S.; Nakamoto, A.; Takahashi, T. Physical Review B, Vol. 17, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.17.2762	journal	March 1978
Transient dynamics of the electronic subsystem of semiconductors irradiated with an ultrashort vacuum ultraviolet laser pulse Medvedev, N.; Rethfeld, B. New Journal of Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/12/7/073037	journal	July 2010
Spatially uniform calibration of a liquid xenon detector at low energies using K83mr Manalaysay, A.; Undagoitia, T. Marrodán; Askin, A. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 81, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3436636	journal	July 2010
Measurement of the scintillation yield of low-energy electrons in liquid xenon Aprile, E.; Budnik, R.; Choi, B. Physical Review D, Vol. 86, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.86.112004	journal	December 2012
Extraction efficiency of drifting electrons in a two-phase xenon time projection chamber Edwards, B. N. V.; Bernard, E.; Boulton, E. M. Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 13, Issue 01 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/13/01/P01005	journal	January 2018
The XENON1T dark matter experiment Aprile, E.; Aalbers, J.; Agostini, F. The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 77, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5326-3	journal	December 2017
Tritium calibration of the LUX dark matter experiment Akerib, D. S.; Araújo, H. M.; Bai, X. Physical Review D, Vol. 93, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.93.072009	journal	April 2016
An optimal energy estimator to reduce correlated noise for the EXO-200 light readout Davis, C. G.; Hall, C.; Albert, J. B. Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 11, Issue 07 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/07/P07015	journal	July 2016
Liquid xenon ionization and scintillation studies for a totally active-vector electromagnetic calorimeter Séguinot, J.; Passardi, G.; Tischhauser, J. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 323, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(92)90004-N	journal	December 1992
Electron extraction efficiency study for dual-phase xenon dark matter experiments Xu, J.; Pereverzev, S.; Lenardo, B. Physical Review D, Vol. 99, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.99.103024	journal	May 2019
Solar cell efficiency and carrier multiplication in Si1−xGex alloys Wolf, M.; Brendel, R.; Werner, J. H. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 83, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.367177	journal	April 1998
Time-resolved measurement of free carrier absorption, diffusivity, and internal quantum efficiency in silicon Meitzner, Jet; Moore, Frederick G.; Tillotson, Brock M. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4819447	journal	August 2013
A new Monte Carlo code for full simulation of silicon strip detectors Brigida, M.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 533, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2004.05.127	journal	November 2004
Measurement of the Electron Recoil Band of the LUX Dark Matter Detector With a Tritium Calibration Source Dobi, Attila Digital Repository at the University of Maryland https://doi.org/10.13016/m24p5p	collection	January 2014

Similar Records

Measurement of the Spectral Shape of the $β$-Decay of ¹³⁷Xe to the Ground State of ¹³⁷Cs in EXO-200 and Comparison with Theory

Journal Article · Fri Jun 12 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Physical Review Letters · OSTI ID:1637652

Al Kharusi, S.; Anton, G.; Badhrees, I.; +105 more

Enriched TeO2 bolometers with active particle discrimination: Towards the CUPID experiment

Journal Article · Sat Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Physics Letters B · OSTI ID:1637652

Artusa, D. R.; Avignone, III, F. T.; Beeman, J. W.; +23 more

Search for MeV electron recoils from dark matter in EXO-200

Journal Article · Mon Jan 30 00:00:00 EST 2023 · Physical Review D · OSTI ID:1637652

Al Kharusi, S.; Anton, G.; Badhrees, I.; +103 more

Related Subjects

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS
Neutrinoless double beta decay
Majorana neutrinos
Neutrino detectors
Scintillators
Time-projection chambers

Title: Measurement of the scintillation and ionization response of liquid xenon at MeV energies in the EXO-200 experiment

Citation Formats

References (57)

Similar Records

Related Subjects