Constraints on bosonic dark matter from ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance

doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax4539

Title: Constraints on bosonic dark matter from ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance

Abstract

The nature of dark matter, the invisible substance making up over 80% of the matter in the universe, is one of the most fundamental mysteries of modern physics. Ultralight bosons such as axions, axion-like particles, or dark photons could make up most of the dark matter. Couplings between such bosons and nuclear spins may enable their direct detection via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy: As nuclear spins move through the galactic dark-matter halo, they couple to dark matter and behave as if they were in an oscillating magnetic field, generating a dark-matter–driven NMR signal. As part of the cosmic axion spin precession experiment (CASPEr), an NMR-based dark-matter search, we use ultralow-field NMR to probe the axion-fermion “wind” coupling and dark-photon couplings to nuclear spins. No dark matter signal was detected above background, establishing new experimental bounds for dark matter bosons with masses ranging from 1.8 × 10 ^-16to 7.8 × 10 ^-14eV.

Authors:

^[1];

^[2];

^[3];

^[4];

^[5]; Rajendran, Surjeet ^[6];

^[7]; Stadnik, Yevgeny V. ^[3]; Wickenbrock, Arne ^[3];

^[3];

^[8]

Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz (Germany); Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz (Germany)
Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz (Germany)
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz (Germany); Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz (Germany)
Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Physics, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics
California State Univ., East Bay, Hayward, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics
Boston Univ., MA (United States). Dept. of Physics
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz (Germany); Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz (Germany); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics

Publication Date:: 2019-10-25

Research Org.:: Stanford Univ., CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

OSTI Identifier:: 1626026

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012012

Resource Type:: Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Science Advances

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 5; Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 2375-2548

Publisher:: AAAS

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: Science & Technology - Other Topics

Citation Formats


                    Garcon, Antoine, Blanchard, John W., Centers, Gary P., Figueroa, Nataniel L., Graham, Peter W., Jackson Kimball, Derek F., Rajendran, Surjeet, Sushkov, Alexander O., Stadnik, Yevgeny V., Wickenbrock, Arne, Wu, Teng, and Budker, Dmitry. Constraints on bosonic dark matter from ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
        Web.  doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax4539.

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                    Garcon, Antoine, Blanchard, John W., Centers, Gary P., Figueroa, Nataniel L., Graham, Peter W., Jackson Kimball, Derek F., Rajendran, Surjeet, Sushkov, Alexander O., Stadnik, Yevgeny V., Wickenbrock, Arne, Wu, Teng, & Budker, Dmitry. Constraints on bosonic dark matter from ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax4539

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                    Garcon, Antoine, Blanchard, John W., Centers, Gary P., Figueroa, Nataniel L., Graham, Peter W., Jackson Kimball, Derek F., Rajendran, Surjeet, Sushkov, Alexander O., Stadnik, Yevgeny V., Wickenbrock, Arne, Wu, Teng, and Budker, Dmitry. Fri .  
        "Constraints on bosonic dark matter from ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax4539.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1626026.

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@article{osti_1626026,

  title        = {Constraints on bosonic dark matter from ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance},

  author       = {Garcon, Antoine and Blanchard, John W. and Centers, Gary P. and Figueroa, Nataniel L. and Graham, Peter W. and Jackson Kimball, Derek F. and Rajendran, Surjeet and Sushkov, Alexander O. and Stadnik, Yevgeny V. and Wickenbrock, Arne and Wu, Teng and Budker, Dmitry},

  abstractNote = {The nature of dark matter, the invisible substance making up over 80% of the matter in the universe, is one of the most fundamental mysteries of modern physics. Ultralight bosons such as axions, axion-like particles, or dark photons could make up most of the dark matter. Couplings between such bosons and nuclear spins may enable their direct detection via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy: As nuclear spins move through the galactic dark-matter halo, they couple to dark matter and behave as if they were in an oscillating magnetic field, generating a dark-matter–driven NMR signal. As part of the cosmic axion spin precession experiment (CASPEr), an NMR-based dark-matter search, we use ultralow-field NMR to probe the axion-fermion “wind” coupling and dark-photon couplings to nuclear spins. No dark matter signal was detected above background, establishing new experimental bounds for dark matter bosons with masses ranging from 1.8 × 10-16to 7.8 × 10-14eV.},

  doi          = {10.1126/sciadv.aax4539},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1626026},
  journal      = {Science Advances},

  issn         = {2375-2548},

  number       = 10,

  volume       = 5,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2019},

  month        = {10}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

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Title: Constraints on bosonic dark matter from ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance

Abstract

Citation Formats

Dark matter and dark radiation journal, January 2009

A new era in the search for dark matter journal, October 2018

Particle dark matter: evidence, candidates and constraints journal, January 2005

Dark Matter Candidates from Particle Physics and Methods of Detection journal, August 2010

Experimental Searches for the Axion and Axion-Like Particles journal, October 2015

Search for new physics with atoms and molecules journal, June 2018

CP Conservation in the Presence of Pseudoparticles journal, June 1977

Cosmological Relaxation of the Electroweak Scale journal, November 2015

Axions in string theory journal, June 2006

SQUID-Based Microwave Cavity Search for Dark-Matter Axions journal, January 2010

First Results from the CERN Axion Solar Telescope journal, April 2005

Resonant laser power build-up in ALPS—A “light shining through a wall” experiment journal, December 2009

Microwave cavity searches for dark-matter axions journal, June 2003

First Results from a Microwave Cavity Axion Search at 24 μ eV journal, February 2017

Experimental Tests of the "Invisible" Axion journal, October 1983

Axion-induced effects in atoms, molecules, and nuclei: Parity nonconservation, anapole moments, electric dipole moments, and spin-gravity and spin-axion momentum couplings journal, February 2014

New observables for direct detection of axion dark matter journal, August 2013

Application of spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometry to the Cosmic Axion Spin Precession Experiment journal, March 2018

Neutrino Signal of Collapse-Induced Thermonuclear Supernovae: the case for Prompt Black hole Formation in sn 1987a journal, August 2016

Supernova 1987A constraints on sub-GeV dark sectors, millicharged particles, the QCD axion, and an axion-like particle journal, September 2018

Cosmology of the invisible axion journal, January 1983

The not-so-harmless axion journal, January 1983

A cosmological bound on the invisible axion journal, January 1983

A novel determination of the local dark matter density journal, August 2010

Dark light, dark matter, and the misalignment mechanism journal, November 2011

Detecting Domain Walls of Axionlike Models Using Terrestrial Experiments journal, January 2013

Near-Zero-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance journal, September 2011

Reversible Interactions with para-Hydrogen Enhance NMR Sensitivity by Polarization Transfer journal, March 2009

Zero-Field NMR Enhanced by Parahydrogen in Reversible Exchange journal, February 2012

A hyperpolarized equilibrium for magnetic resonance journal, December 2013

Para-hydrogen raser delivers sub-millihertz resolution in nuclear magnetic resonance journal, March 2017

The cosmic axion spin precession experiment (CASPEr): a dark-matter search with nuclear magnetic resonance journal, December 2017

Transition-Selective Pulses in Zero-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance journal, June 2016

Nuclear-Spin Comagnetometer Based on a Liquid of Identical Molecules journal, July 2018

Search for Axionlike Dark Matter with a Liquid-State Nuclear Spin Comagnetometer journal, May 2019

Experimental benchmarking of quantum control in zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance journal, June 2018

Invited Review Article: Instrumentation for nuclear magnetic resonance in zero and ultralow magnetic field journal, September 2017

Environmental dependence of masses and coupling constants journal, February 2008

Presentation of sideband envelopes by two-dimensional one-pulse (TOP) spectroscopy journal, June 1992

Submillihertz magnetic spectroscopy performed with a nanoscale quantum sensor journal, May 2017

Quantum sensing with arbitrary frequency resolution journal, May 2017

Limits on New Long Range Nuclear Spin-Dependent Forces Set with a K − He 3 Comagnetometer journal, December 2009

Spin precession experiments for light axionic dark matter journal, March 2018

Nuclear magnetic resonance at millitesla fields using a zero-field spectrometer journal, September 2016

High-Sensitivity Atomic Magnetometer Unaffected by Spin-Exchange Relaxation journal, September 2002

Optical magnetometry journal, April 2007

Studies in astronomical time series analysis. II - Statistical aspects of spectral analysis of unevenly spaced data journal, December 1982

Diurnal and Annual Variations of Directional Detection Rates of dark Matter journal, January 2012

Experimental benchmarking of quantum control in zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance text, January 2018

Velocity substructure from Gaia and direct searches for dark matter journal, January 2020

Dark matter and dark radiation
journal, January 2009

A new era in the search for dark matter
journal, October 2018

Particle dark matter: evidence, candidates and constraints
journal, January 2005

Dark Matter Candidates from Particle Physics and Methods of Detection
journal, August 2010

Experimental Searches for the Axion and Axion-Like Particles
journal, October 2015

Search for new physics with atoms and molecules
journal, June 2018

$CP$ Conservation in the Presence of Pseudoparticles
journal, June 1977

Cosmological Relaxation of the Electroweak Scale
journal, November 2015

Axions in string theory
journal, June 2006

SQUID-Based Microwave Cavity Search for Dark-Matter Axions
journal, January 2010

First Results from the CERN Axion Solar Telescope
journal, April 2005

Resonant laser power build-up in ALPS—A “light shining through a wall” experiment
journal, December 2009

Microwave cavity searches for dark-matter axions
journal, June 2003

First Results from a Microwave Cavity Axion Search at $24 μ eV$
journal, February 2017

Experimental Tests of the "Invisible" Axion
journal, October 1983

Axion-induced effects in atoms, molecules, and nuclei: Parity nonconservation, anapole moments, electric dipole moments, and spin-gravity and spin-axion momentum couplings
journal, February 2014

New observables for direct detection of axion dark matter
journal, August 2013

Application of spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometry to the Cosmic Axion Spin Precession Experiment
journal, March 2018

Neutrino Signal of Collapse-Induced Thermonuclear Supernovae: the case for Prompt Black hole Formation in sn 1987a
journal, August 2016

Supernova 1987A constraints on sub-GeV dark sectors, millicharged particles, the QCD axion, and an axion-like particle
journal, September 2018

Cosmology of the invisible axion
journal, January 1983

The not-so-harmless axion
journal, January 1983

A cosmological bound on the invisible axion
journal, January 1983

A novel determination of the local dark matter density
journal, August 2010

Dark light, dark matter, and the misalignment mechanism
journal, November 2011

Detecting Domain Walls of Axionlike Models Using Terrestrial Experiments
journal, January 2013

Near-Zero-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
journal, September 2011

Reversible Interactions with para-Hydrogen Enhance NMR Sensitivity by Polarization Transfer
journal, March 2009

Zero-Field NMR Enhanced by Parahydrogen in Reversible Exchange
journal, February 2012

A hyperpolarized equilibrium for magnetic resonance
journal, December 2013

Para-hydrogen raser delivers sub-millihertz resolution in nuclear magnetic resonance
journal, March 2017

The cosmic axion spin precession experiment (CASPEr): a dark-matter search with nuclear magnetic resonance
journal, December 2017

Transition-Selective Pulses in Zero-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
journal, June 2016

Nuclear-Spin Comagnetometer Based on a Liquid of Identical Molecules
journal, July 2018

Search for Axionlike Dark Matter with a Liquid-State Nuclear Spin Comagnetometer
journal, May 2019

Experimental benchmarking of quantum control in zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance
journal, June 2018

Invited Review Article: Instrumentation for nuclear magnetic resonance in zero and ultralow magnetic field
journal, September 2017

Environmental dependence of masses and coupling constants
journal, February 2008

Presentation of sideband envelopes by two-dimensional one-pulse (TOP) spectroscopy
journal, June 1992

Submillihertz magnetic spectroscopy performed with a nanoscale quantum sensor
journal, May 2017

Quantum sensing with arbitrary frequency resolution
journal, May 2017

Limits on New Long Range Nuclear Spin-Dependent Forces Set with a $K − {}^{3}{He}$ Comagnetometer
journal, December 2009

Spin precession experiments for light axionic dark matter
journal, March 2018

Nuclear magnetic resonance at millitesla fields using a zero-field spectrometer
journal, September 2016

High-Sensitivity Atomic Magnetometer Unaffected by Spin-Exchange Relaxation
journal, September 2002

Optical magnetometry
journal, April 2007

Studies in astronomical time series analysis. II - Statistical aspects of spectral analysis of unevenly spaced data
journal, December 1982

Diurnal and Annual Variations of Directional Detection Rates of dark Matter
journal, January 2012

Experimental benchmarking of quantum control in zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance
text, January 2018

Velocity substructure from Gaia and direct searches for dark matter
journal, January 2020