Ultralow Surface Resistance via Vacuum Heat Treatment of Superconducting Radio-Frequency Cavities

Posen, S.; Romanenko, A.; Grassellino, A.; Melnychuk, O. S.; Sergatskov, D. A.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevApplied.13.014024

Title: Ultralow Surface Resistance via Vacuum Heat Treatment of Superconducting Radio-Frequency Cavities

Journal Article · Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Physical Review Applied

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.13.014024· OSTI ID:1582744

; Romanenko, A.; Grassellino, A.;

; Sergatskov, D. A.

We report on an effort to improve the performance of superconducting radiofrequency cavities by using heat treatment in a temperature range sufficient to dissociate the natural surface oxide. We find that the residual resistance is decreased significantly, and we find an unexpected reduction in the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) resistance. Together these result in extremely high-quality factor values at relatively large accelerating fields $E_{acc}$ ~20 MV/m: $Q_{0}$ =3–4× $10^{11}$ at <1.5 K and $Q_{0}$ ~5× $10^{10}$ at 2.0 K. In one cavity, measurements of surface resistance versus temperature showed an extremely small residual resistance of just 0.63±0.06 nΩ at 16 MV/m. Secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements confirm that the oxide is dissociated significantly, but they also show the presence of nitrogen after heat treatment. We also present studies of surface oxidation via exposure to air and to water, as well as the effects of very light surface removal via HF rinse. The study is performed on 1.3 GHz cavities, but the effect may be extendable to other frequencies as well. The possibilities for applications and the planned future development are discussed.

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Research Organization:: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11359; AC05-06OR23177

OSTI ID:: 1582744

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1560849

Report Number(s):: arXiv:1907.00147; FERMILAB-PUB-19-347-TD; PRAHB2; 014024

Journal Information:: Physical Review Applied, Journal Name: Physical Review Applied Vol. 13 Journal Issue: 1; ISSN 2331-7019

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 34 works

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References (18)

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