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Title: A Wearable Electrochemical Platform for Noninvasive Simultaneous Monitoring of Ca 2+ and pH

Abstract

Homeostasis of ionized calcium in biofluids is critical for human biological functions and organ systems. Measurement of ionized calcium for clinical applications is not easily accessible due to its strict procedures and dependence on pH. pH balance in body fluids greatly affects metabolic reactions and biological transport systems. Here, we demonstrate a wearable electrochemical device for continuous monitoring of ionized calcium and pH of body fluids using a disposable and flexible array of Ca 2+ and pH sensors that interfaces with a flexible printed circuit board. This platform enables real-time quantitative analysis of these sensing elements in body fluids such as sweat, urine, and tears. Accuracy of Ca 2+ concentration and pH measured by the wearable sensors is validated through inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry technique and a commercial pH meter, respectively. Our results show that the wearable sensors have high repeatability and selectivity to the target ions. Real-time on-body assessment of sweat is also performed, and our results indicate that calcium concentration increases with decreasing pH. Finally, this platform can be used in noninvasive continuous analysis of ionized calcium and pH in body fluids for disease diagnosis such as primary hyperparathyroidism and kidney stones.

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [4];  [1]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Materials Sciences Division
  2. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  3. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Materials Sciences Division; Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA (United States)
  4. Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
National Science Foundation (NSF)
OSTI Identifier:
1580044
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
ACS Nano
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 10; Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 1936-0851
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION; wearable biosensors; flexible electronics; multiplexed sensing; system integration; in situ analysis

Citation Formats

Nyein, Hnin Yin Yin, Gao, Wei, Shahpar, Ziba, Emaminejad, Sam, Challa, Samyuktha, Chen, Kevin, Fahad, Hossain M., Tai, Li-Chia, Ota, Hiroki, Davis, Ronald W., and Javey, Ali. A Wearable Electrochemical Platform for Noninvasive Simultaneous Monitoring of Ca2+ and pH. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1021/acsnano.6b04005.
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Nyein, Hnin Yin Yin, Gao, Wei, Shahpar, Ziba, Emaminejad, Sam, Challa, Samyuktha, Chen, Kevin, Fahad, Hossain M., Tai, Li-Chia, Ota, Hiroki, Davis, Ronald W., & Javey, Ali. A Wearable Electrochemical Platform for Noninvasive Simultaneous Monitoring of Ca2+ and pH. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6b04005
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Nyein, Hnin Yin Yin, Gao, Wei, Shahpar, Ziba, Emaminejad, Sam, Challa, Samyuktha, Chen, Kevin, Fahad, Hossain M., Tai, Li-Chia, Ota, Hiroki, Davis, Ronald W., and Javey, Ali. Tue . "A Wearable Electrochemical Platform for Noninvasive Simultaneous Monitoring of Ca2+ and pH". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6b04005. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1580044.
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@article{osti_1580044,
title = {A Wearable Electrochemical Platform for Noninvasive Simultaneous Monitoring of Ca2+ and pH},
author = {Nyein, Hnin Yin Yin and Gao, Wei and Shahpar, Ziba and Emaminejad, Sam and Challa, Samyuktha and Chen, Kevin and Fahad, Hossain M. and Tai, Li-Chia and Ota, Hiroki and Davis, Ronald W. and Javey, Ali},
abstractNote = {Homeostasis of ionized calcium in biofluids is critical for human biological functions and organ systems. Measurement of ionized calcium for clinical applications is not easily accessible due to its strict procedures and dependence on pH. pH balance in body fluids greatly affects metabolic reactions and biological transport systems. Here, we demonstrate a wearable electrochemical device for continuous monitoring of ionized calcium and pH of body fluids using a disposable and flexible array of Ca2+ and pH sensors that interfaces with a flexible printed circuit board. This platform enables real-time quantitative analysis of these sensing elements in body fluids such as sweat, urine, and tears. Accuracy of Ca2+ concentration and pH measured by the wearable sensors is validated through inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry technique and a commercial pH meter, respectively. Our results show that the wearable sensors have high repeatability and selectivity to the target ions. Real-time on-body assessment of sweat is also performed, and our results indicate that calcium concentration increases with decreasing pH. Finally, this platform can be used in noninvasive continuous analysis of ionized calcium and pH in body fluids for disease diagnosis such as primary hyperparathyroidism and kidney stones.},
doi = {10.1021/acsnano.6b04005},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1580044}, journal = {ACS Nano},
issn = {1936-0851},
number = 7,
volume = 10,
place = {United States},
year = {2016},
month = {7}
}
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Journal Article:
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Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6b04005
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