skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: The Second Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP2): Observational Field Campaign

Journal Article · · Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [1];  [6];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [6];  [9];  [6];  [6];  [10];  [6];  [6];  [6];  [2] more »;  [11];  [3];  [12];  [13];  [8];  [9];  [11];  [9];  [1];  [2];  [6];  [9];  [5];  [3];  [14];  [1] « less
  1. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab.
  2. Vaisala, Inc., Seattle, WA (United States)
  3. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  4. Sharply Focused, LLC, Portland, OR (United States)
  5. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
  6. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab.
  7. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
  8. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
  9. Univ. of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN (United States). Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences
  10. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Idaho Falls, ID (United States). Air Resources Lab.
  11. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
  12. Univ. Stuttgart, Stuttgart Germany). Inst. für Flugzeugbau, Stuttgarter Lehrstuhl für Windenergie, WindForS
  13. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Washington, D.C. (United States). National Weather Service
  14. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations

The Second Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP2) is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)- and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-funded program, with private-sector and university partners, which aims to improve the accuracy of numerical weather prediction (NWP) model forecasts of wind speed in complex terrain for wind energy applications. A core component of WFIP2 was an 18-month field campaign that took place in the U.S. Pacific Northwest between October 2015 and March 2017. A large suite of instrumentation was deployed in a series of telescoping arrays, ranging from 500 km across to a densely instrumented 2 km × 2 km area similar in size to a high-resolution NWP model grid cell. Observations from these instruments are being used to improve our understanding of the meteorological phenomena that affect wind energy production in complex terrain and to evaluate and improve model physical parameterization schemes. We present several brief case studies using these observations to describe phenomena that are routinely difficult to forecast, including wintertime cold pools, diurnally driven gap flows, and mountain waves/wakes. Observing system and data product improvements developed during WFIP2 are also described.

Research Organization:
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Wind Energy Technologies Office; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Water Power Technologies Office
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357; AC05-76RL01830; AC36-08GO28308; AC52-07NA27344; EE0007605
OSTI ID:
1579363
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1512667; OSTI ID: 1570414; OSTI ID: 1570766
Report Number(s):
NREL/JA-5000-72249; LLNL-JRNL-756933; PNNL-SA-139211; 147629
Journal Information:
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 100, Issue 9; ISSN 0003-0007
Publisher:
American Meteorological SocietyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 41 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (33)

Utility-Scale Wind Turbine Wake Characterization Using Nacelle-Based Long-Range Scanning Lidar journal July 2014
Wind Energy Meteorology: Insight into Wind Properties in the Turbine-Rotor Layer of the Atmosphere from High-Resolution Doppler Lidar journal June 2013
3D Volumetric Analysis of Wind Turbine Wake Properties in the Atmosphere Using High-Resolution Doppler Lidar journal May 2015
Convective Boundary Layer Depth Estimation from Wind Profilers: Statistical Comparison between an Automated Algorithm and Expert Estimations journal August 2008
Estimation of turbulence dissipation rate and its variability from sonic anemometer and wind Doppler lidar during the XPIA field campaign journal January 2018
Evaluation of turbulence measurement techniques from a single Doppler lidar journal January 2017
Doppler Lidar Observations of the Mixing Height in Indianapolis Using an Automated Composite Fuzzy Logic Approach journal March 2018
Local and Mesoscale Impacts of Wind Farms as Parameterized in a Mesoscale NWP Model journal September 2012
Volumetric Lidar Scanning of Wind Turbine Wakes under Convective and Neutral Atmospheric Stability Regimes journal October 2014
Wake Measurements of a Multi-MW Wind Turbine with Coherent Long-Range Pulsed Doppler Wind Lidar journal September 2010
Wind turbulence estimates in a valley by coherent Doppler lidar: Turbulence Estimates from Doppler Lidar journal August 2011
Evaluation of the wind farm parameterization in the Weather Research and Forecasting model (version 3.8.1) with meteorological and turbine power data journal January 2017
Forecasting the Wind to Reach Significant Penetration Levels of Wind Energy journal September 2011
The Onshore Surge of Marine Air into the Pacific Northwest: A Coastal Region of Complex Terrain journal December 1986
Improved observations of turbulence dissipation rates from wind profiling radars journal January 2017
A Modeling Study of Nonstationary Trapped Mountain Lee Waves. Part I: Mean-Flow Variability journal September 1997
A Modeling Study of Nonstationary Trapped Mountain Lee Waves. Part II: Nonlinearity journal April 1998
A Real-Time Online Data Product that Automatically Detects Easterly Gap-Flow Events and Precipitation Type in the Columbia River Gorge journal October 2018
Improving Wind Energy Forecasting through Numerical Weather Prediction Model Development journal November 2019
Surface Layer Turbulence Measurements during a Frontal Passage journal July 2004
A Study of Mountain Lee Waves Using Clear-Air Radar journal July 1992
Incorporation of the Rotor-Equivalent Wind Speed into the Weather Research and Forecasting Model’s Wind Farm Parameterization journal March 2019
Synoptic-Scale Flow and Valley Cold Pool Evolution in the Western United States journal December 2009
COLUMBIA GORGE GAP FLOW: Insights from Observational Analysis and Ultra-High-Resolution Simulation journal December 2002
Columbia Gorge Gap Winds: Their Climatological Influence and Synoptic Evolution journal December 2004
The Second Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP2): General Overview journal September 2019
Techniques of Wind Vector Estimation from Data Measured with a Scanning Coherent Doppler Lidar journal February 2003
The Wake of St. Vincent journal March 1997
Low Froude Number Flow Past Three-Dimensional Obstacles. Part I: Baroclinically Generated Lee Vortices journal April 1989
The use of fast Fourier transform for the estimation of power spectra: A method based on time averaging over short, modified periodograms journal June 1967
The impact of mountain wakes on the drag exerted on downstream mountains journal January 2008
Cold Pools in the Columbia Basin journal August 2001
Meteorological Processes Affecting the Evolution of a Wintertime Cold Air Pool in the Columbia Basin journal October 2001

Cited By (4)

The Hydrometeorology Testbed–West Legacy Observing Network: Supporting Research to Applications for Atmospheric Rivers and Beyond journal September 2019
Impact of model improvements on 80 m wind speeds during the second Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP2) journal January 2019
Spatial and temporal variability of turbulence dissipation rate in complex terrain journal January 2019
Estimation of turbulence dissipation rate from Doppler wind lidars and in situ instrumentation for the Perdigão 2017 campaign journal January 2019

Similar Records

Wind ramp events validation in NWP forecast models during the second Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP2) using the Ramp Tool and Metric (RT&M)
Journal Article · Tue Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Weather and Forecasting · OSTI ID:1579363
+13 more
Wind Ramp Events Validation in NWP Forecast Models during the Second Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP2) Using the Ramp Tool and Metric (RT&M)
Journal Article · Wed Nov 11 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Weather and Forecasting · OSTI ID:1579363
+13 more
The Second Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP2): General Overview
Journal Article · Fri Sep 27 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society · OSTI ID:1579363
+10 more

Related Subjects

17 WIND ENERGY
WFIP2
Columbia River Gorge
HRRR
complex terrain
mountain waves
cold pools
wind energy
atmospheric flow