Quantum Efficiency Enhancement of Bialkali Photocathodes by an Atomically Thin Layer on Substrates

Yamaguchi, Hisato; Liu, Fangze; DeFazio, Jeffrey; Gaowei, Mengjia; Guo, Lei; Alexander, Anna; Yoon, Seong In; Hyun, Chohee; Critchley, Matthew; Sinsheimer, John; Pavlenko, Vitaly; Strom, Derek; Jensen, Kevin L.; Finkenstadt, Daniel; Shin, Hyeon Suk; Yamamoto, Masahiro; Smedley, John; Moody, Nathan A.

doi:10.1002/pssa.201900501

Title: Quantum Efficiency Enhancement of Bialkali Photocathodes by an Atomically Thin Layer on Substrates

Journal Article · Sun Oct 06 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Physica Status Solidi. A, Applications and Materials Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201900501· OSTI ID:1571425

^[1]; Liu, Fangze ^[1]; DeFazio, Jeffrey ^[2]; Gaowei, Mengjia ^[3]; Guo, Lei ^[4]; Alexander, Anna ^[1]; Yoon, Seong In ^[5]; Hyun, Chohee ^[5]; Critchley, Matthew ^[6]; Sinsheimer, John ^[3]; Pavlenko, Vitaly ^[1]; Strom, Derek ^[7]; Jensen, Kevin L. ^[8]; Finkenstadt, Daniel ^[6]; Shin, Hyeon Suk ^[5]; Yamamoto, Masahiro ^[9]; Smedley, John ^[1]; Moody, Nathan A. ^[1]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Photonis Defense Inc., Lancaster, PA (United States)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Nagoya Univ. Furo, Nagoya (Japan)
Ulsan National Inst. of Science and Technology, Ulsan (Republic of Korea)
U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD (United States)
Max Planck Institute for Physics, Munich (Germany)
Naval Research Lab., Washington, D.C. (United States)
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Ibaraki (Japan)

Quantum efficiency (QE) enhancement in accelerator technology relevant to antimonide photocathodes (K₂CsSb) is achieved by interfacing them with atomically thin 2D crystal layers. The enhancement occurs in a reflection mode, when a 2D crystal is placed in between the photocathodes and optically reflective substrates. Specifically, the peak QE at 405 nm (3.1 eV) increases by a relative 10%, whereas the long wavelength response at 633 nm (2.0 eV) increases by a relative 36% on average and up to 80% at localized “hot spot” regions when photocathodes are deposited onto graphene–coated stainless steel. There is a similar effect for photocathodes deposited on hexagonal boron nitride monolayer coatings using nickel substrates. The enhancement does not occur when reflective substrates are replaced with optically transparent sapphire. Optical transmission, X–ray diffraction (XRD), and X–ray fluorescence (XRF) revealed that thickness, crystal orientation, quality, and elemental stoichiometry of photocathodes do not appreciably change due to 2D crystal coatings. Furthermore these results suggest that optical interactions are responsible for the QE enhancements when 2D crystal sublayers are present on reflective substrates, and provide a pathway toward a simple method of QE enhancement in semiconductor photocathodes by an atomically thin 2D crystal on substrates.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); USDOE Office of Science (SC). High Energy Physics (HEP) (SC-25)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704; 89233218CNA000001

OSTI ID:: 1571425

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1570541; OSTI ID: 1645094

Report Number(s):: BNL-212225-2019-JAAM; LA-UR-20-23500

Journal Information:: Physica Status Solidi. A, Applications and Materials Science, Vol. 216, Issue 23; ISSN 1862-6300

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 7 works

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