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Title: Analysis of the P-T and T-S phase boundary in discriminating suitable low global warming potential and low flammability refrigerants

Abstract

Although several alternative low GWP refrigerants including natural have been proposed, the HVAC industry consensus on how to deal with the attendant issues is still evolving. This paper provides a qualitative and quantitative insight into the peculiar phase boundary shapes of refrigerants, essential for understanding their application, and in evaluating existing and future refrigerants. The methodology is firmly grounded in the thermodynamics of phase equilibria and the criteria of positive-definiteness, a direct consequence of the Second Law and the existence of intermolecular forces (IMF). The formal methodology is strikingly easy to implement in practice and explains clearly why certain refrigerants display “re-entrant” behavior while others do not. The paper shows how an evidence-based selection can be made among the 40 refrigerants analyzed in this study. Keywords: Low GWP, alternate refrigerants, heat pumps, VLE

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1]
  1. ORNL
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
OSTI Identifier:
1569374
DOE Contract Number:  
AC05-00OR22725
Resource Type:
Conference
Resource Relation:
Conference: 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration (ICR 2019) - Montreal, , Canada - 8/24/2019 8:00:00 AM-8/30/2019 8:00:00 AM
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

Citation Formats

Ally, Moonis, Sharma, Vishaldeep, and Nawaz, Kashif. Analysis of the P-T and T-S phase boundary in discriminating suitable low global warming potential and low flammability refrigerants. United States: N. p., 2019. Web.
Ally, Moonis, Sharma, Vishaldeep, & Nawaz, Kashif. Analysis of the P-T and T-S phase boundary in discriminating suitable low global warming potential and low flammability refrigerants. United States.
Ally, Moonis, Sharma, Vishaldeep, and Nawaz, Kashif. 2019. "Analysis of the P-T and T-S phase boundary in discriminating suitable low global warming potential and low flammability refrigerants". United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1569374.
@article{osti_1569374,
title = {Analysis of the P-T and T-S phase boundary in discriminating suitable low global warming potential and low flammability refrigerants},
author = {Ally, Moonis and Sharma, Vishaldeep and Nawaz, Kashif},
abstractNote = {Although several alternative low GWP refrigerants including natural have been proposed, the HVAC industry consensus on how to deal with the attendant issues is still evolving. This paper provides a qualitative and quantitative insight into the peculiar phase boundary shapes of refrigerants, essential for understanding their application, and in evaluating existing and future refrigerants. The methodology is firmly grounded in the thermodynamics of phase equilibria and the criteria of positive-definiteness, a direct consequence of the Second Law and the existence of intermolecular forces (IMF). The formal methodology is strikingly easy to implement in practice and explains clearly why certain refrigerants display “re-entrant” behavior while others do not. The paper shows how an evidence-based selection can be made among the 40 refrigerants analyzed in this study. Keywords: Low GWP, alternate refrigerants, heat pumps, VLE},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1569374}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Thu Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}

Conference:
Other availability
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