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Title: Nanoscale kinetics and dynamics during Ar + patterning of SiO 2

Abstract

Broad-beam low-energy ion bombardment can lead to the spontaneous formation of nanoscale surface structures, but the dominant mechanisms driving evolution remain controversial. Using coherent x-ray scattering to examine the classic case of ion-beam rippling of SiO2 surfaces, we study the relationship between the average kinetics of ripple formation and the underlying fluctuation dynamics. The early stage growth of fluctuations is well fit with a linear theory formalism employing a viscous relaxation term with full wave-number dependence. In this regime, the x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy two-time correlation function shows distinctive behavior with memory stretching back to the beginning of the bombardment. For a given length scale, correlation times do not grow significantly beyond the characteristic time associated with the early-stage ripple growth. In the late stages of patterning, when the average surface structure on a given length scale is no longer evolving, dynamical processes continue on the surface. Nonlinear processes dominate at long length scales, leading to compressed exponential decay of the speckle correlation functions, while at short length scales the dynamics appears to approach a linear behavior consistent with viscous flow relaxation. This behavior is found to be consistent with simulations of a recent nonlinear growth model. In addition, itmore » is shown that the surface ripple velocity, an important parameter of the ion-driven surface evolution, can be measured with coherent x-ray scattering in conjunction with use of an inhomogeneous ion beam. The change in viewpoint exemplified by this study, from a focus on only average surface kinetics to one incorporating the underlying nanoscale dynamics, is rapidly becoming more widely applicable as new and upgraded x-ray sources with higher coherent flux come online.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [2];  [3]
  1. Boston Univ., MA (United States); Shahid Beheshti Univ., Tehran (Iran)
  2. Univ. of Vermont, Burlington, VT (United States)
  3. Boston Univ., MA (United States)
  4. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1559121
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1509769
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-06CH11357; SC0017802
Resource Type:
Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physical Review B
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 99; Journal Issue: 16; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Citation Formats

Mokhtarzadeh, Mahsa, Ulbrandt, Jeffrey G., Myint, Peco, Narayanan, Suresh, Headrick, Randall L., and Ludwig, Karl F. Nanoscale kinetics and dynamics during Ar+ patterning of SiO2. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.99.165429.
Mokhtarzadeh, Mahsa, Ulbrandt, Jeffrey G., Myint, Peco, Narayanan, Suresh, Headrick, Randall L., & Ludwig, Karl F. Nanoscale kinetics and dynamics during Ar+ patterning of SiO2. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.165429
Mokhtarzadeh, Mahsa, Ulbrandt, Jeffrey G., Myint, Peco, Narayanan, Suresh, Headrick, Randall L., and Ludwig, Karl F. 2019. "Nanoscale kinetics and dynamics during Ar+ patterning of SiO2". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.165429. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1559121.
@article{osti_1559121,
title = {Nanoscale kinetics and dynamics during Ar+ patterning of SiO2},
author = {Mokhtarzadeh, Mahsa and Ulbrandt, Jeffrey G. and Myint, Peco and Narayanan, Suresh and Headrick, Randall L. and Ludwig, Karl F.},
abstractNote = {Broad-beam low-energy ion bombardment can lead to the spontaneous formation of nanoscale surface structures, but the dominant mechanisms driving evolution remain controversial. Using coherent x-ray scattering to examine the classic case of ion-beam rippling of SiO2 surfaces, we study the relationship between the average kinetics of ripple formation and the underlying fluctuation dynamics. The early stage growth of fluctuations is well fit with a linear theory formalism employing a viscous relaxation term with full wave-number dependence. In this regime, the x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy two-time correlation function shows distinctive behavior with memory stretching back to the beginning of the bombardment. For a given length scale, correlation times do not grow significantly beyond the characteristic time associated with the early-stage ripple growth. In the late stages of patterning, when the average surface structure on a given length scale is no longer evolving, dynamical processes continue on the surface. Nonlinear processes dominate at long length scales, leading to compressed exponential decay of the speckle correlation functions, while at short length scales the dynamics appears to approach a linear behavior consistent with viscous flow relaxation. This behavior is found to be consistent with simulations of a recent nonlinear growth model. In addition, it is shown that the surface ripple velocity, an important parameter of the ion-driven surface evolution, can be measured with coherent x-ray scattering in conjunction with use of an inhomogeneous ion beam. The change in viewpoint exemplified by this study, from a focus on only average surface kinetics to one incorporating the underlying nanoscale dynamics, is rapidly becoming more widely applicable as new and upgraded x-ray sources with higher coherent flux come online.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.99.165429},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1559121}, journal = {Physical Review B},
issn = {2469-9950},
number = 16,
volume = 99,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Apr 29 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Mon Apr 29 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}

Journal Article:

Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 8 works
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Figures / Tables:

FIG. 1 FIG. 1: Schematic diagram of coherent small-angle x-ray scattering (Co-GISAXS) measurements during Ar+ ion bombardment of SiO2. The sample is inclined by a small angle αi with respect to the incoming X-ray beam and the diffuse scattering is recorded as a function of the exit angles αf and ψ usingmore » a 2D detector.« less

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