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Title: Extensive sampling of basidiomycete genomes demonstrates inadequacy of the white-rot/brown-rot paradigm for wood decay fungi

Journal Article · · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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  1. USDOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Walnut Creek, CA (United States)
  2. US Dept. of Agriculture (USDA)., Peoria, IL (United States)
  3. Clark Univ., Worcester, MA (United States). Dept. of Biology
  4. Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN (United States)
  5. Aix-Marseille Univ., Marseille (France). Inst. National de la Recherche Agronomique
  6. Aix-Marseille Univ., Marseille (France). Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
  7. Inst. National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Champenoux (France). Inst. National de la Recherche Agronomique-Université de Lorraine, Interactions Arbres/Micro-organismes
  8. USDOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Walnut Creek, CA (United States); HudsonAlpha Inst. of Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL (United States)
  9. Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center
  10. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Environmental Molecular Sciences Lab. (EMSL)
  11. Univ. Pública de Navarra, Pamplona (Spain). Dept. de Producción Agraria
  12. Inst. National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Champenoux (France). Inst. National de la Recherche Agronomique-Université de Lorraine, Interactions Arbres/Micro-organismes
  13. USDA Forest Products Lab., Madison, WI (United States)

Basidiomycota (basidiomycetes) make up 32% of the described fungi and include most wood decaying species, as well as pathogens and mutualistic symbionts. Wood-decaying basidiomycetes have typically been classified as either white rot or brown rot, based on the ability (in white rot only) to degrade lignin along with cellulose and hemicellulose. Prior genomic comparisons suggested that the two decay modes can be distinguished based on the presence or absence of ligninolytic class II peroxidases (PODs), as well as the abundance of enzymes acting directly on crystalline cellulose (reduced in brown rot). To assess the generality of the white rot/brown rot classification paradigm we compared the genomes of 33 basidiomycetes, including four newly sequenced wood decayers, and performed phylogenetically-informed Principal Components Analysis (PCA) of a broad range of gene families encoding plant biomass-degrading enzymes. The newly sequenced Botryobasidium botryosum and Jaapia argillacea genomes lack PODs, but possess diverse enzymes acting on crystalline cellulose, and they group close to the model white rot species Phanerochaete chrysosporium in the PCA. Furthermore, laboratory assays showed that both B. botryosum and J. argillacea can degrade all polymeric components of woody plant cell walls, a characteristic of white rot. We also found expansions in reducing polyketide synthase genes specific to the brown rot fungi. Our results suggest a continuum rather than a dichotomy between the white rot and brown rot modes of wood decay. A more nuanced categorization of rot types is needed, based on an improved understanding of the genomics and biochemistry of wood decay.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231; FC02-07ER64494; AC05-76RL01830
OSTI ID:
1469149
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1556894
Report Number(s):
LBNL-178088; PNNL-SA-103485; ir:178088
Journal Information:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 111, Issue 27; ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher:
National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC (United States)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 468 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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