Nanoscratching of Optical Glass Surfaces Near the Elastic–Plastic Load Boundary to Mimic the Mechanics of Polishing Particles

Journal Article · Mon Jan 25 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Journal of the American Ceramic Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.14083· OSTI ID:1548390

Shen, Nan ^[1]; Suratwala, Tayyab ^[1]; Steele, William ^[1]; Wong, Lana ^[1]; Feit, Michael D. ^[1]; Miller, Philip E. ^[1]; Dylla‐Spears, Rebecca ^[1]; Desjardin, Richard ^[1]; Pharr, G. ^[1]

---

1. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

The nanomechanical deformations on glass surfaces near the elastic–plastic load boundary have been measured on various glasses by nanoscratching using an atomic force microscope ( AFM ) to mimic the mechanical interactions of polishing particles during optical polishing. Nanoscratches were created in air and aqueous environments using a 150‐nm radius diamond‐coated tip on polished fused silica, borosilicate, and phosphate glass surfaces; the topology of the nanoscratches were then characterized by AFM . Using load ranges expected on slurry particles during glass polishing (0.05–200 μN), plastic‐type scratches were observed with depths in the nm range. Nanoscratching in air generally showed deeper & narrower scratches with more pileup compared to nanoscratching in water, especially on fused silica glass. The critical load needed to observe plastic deformation was determined to range from 0.2–1.2 μN for the three glasses. For phosphate glass, the load dependence of the removal depth was consistent with that expected from Hertzian mechanics. However, for fused silica and borosilicate glass in this load range, the deformation depth showed a weak dependence with load. Using a sub‐ T _g annealing technique, material relaxation was observed on the nanoscratches, suggesting that a significant fraction of the deformation was due to densification on fused silica and borosilicate glass. Repeated nanoscratching at the same location was utilized for determining the effective incremental plastic removal depth. The incremental removal depth decreased with increase in number of passes, stabilizing after ~10 passes. In water, the removal depths were determined as 0.3–0.55 nm/pass for fused silica, 0.85 nm/pass for borosilicate glass, and 2.4 nm/pass for phosphate glass. The combined nanoscratching results were utilized to define the composite removal function (i.e., removal depth) for a single polishing particle as a function of load, spanning the chemical to the plastic removal regimes. This removal function serves as an important set of parameters in understanding material removal during polishing and the resulting workpiece surface roughness.

• Research Organization: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
• Grant/Contract Number: AC52-07NA27344
• OSTI ID: 1548390
• Alternate ID(s): OSTI ID: 1401173
• Report Number(s): LLNL-JRNL-673669; 795384
• Journal Information: Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 99, Issue 5; ISSN 0002-7820
• Publisher: American Ceramic Society
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION