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Major role of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in dark ocean carbon fixation

Journal Article · · Science
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [3];  [1];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [6];  [7];  [2];  [1]
  1. Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, (United States)
  2. Univ. of Vienna (Austria)
  3. Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, (United States); National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center, Maryland (United States)
  4. Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Canada)
  5. Université Paris-Saclay (France)
  6. Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC),Yokosuka (Japan)
  7. USDOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Walnut Creek, CA (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations

Carbon fixation by chemoautotrophic microorganisms in the dark ocean has a major impact on global carbon cycling and ecological relationships in the ocean’s interior, but the relevant taxa and energy sources remain enigmatic. We show evidence that nitrite-oxidizing bacteria affiliated with the Nitrospinae phylum are important in dark ocean chemoautotrophy. Single-cell genomics and community metagenomics revealed that Nitrospinae are the most abundant and globally distributed nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in the ocean. Metaproteomics and metatranscriptomics analyses suggest that nitrite oxidation is the main pathway of energy production in Nitrospinae. Microautoradiography, linked with catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization, indicated that Nitrospinae fix 15 to 45% of inorganic carbon in the mesopelagic western North Atlantic. Nitrite oxidation may have a greater impact on the carbon cycle than previously assumed.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC); Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
DOE Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1544002
Journal Information:
Science, Vol. 358, Issue 6366; ISSN 0036-8075
Publisher:
AAAS
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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