Atomic Layer Deposition of Vanadium Oxide to Reduce Parasitic Absorption and Improve Stability in n-i-p Perovskite Solar Cells for Tandems

Raiford, James A.; Belisle, Rebecca A.; Bush, Kevin A.; Prasanna, Rohit; Palmstrom, Axel; McGehee, Michael D.; Bent, Stacey F.

doi:10.1039/C9SE00081J

Title: Atomic Layer Deposition of Vanadium Oxide to Reduce Parasitic Absorption and Improve Stability in n-i-p Perovskite Solar Cells for Tandems

Journal Article · Fri Apr 12 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Sustainable Energy & Fuels

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/C9SE00081J· OSTI ID:1542763

Raiford, James A. ^[1]; Belisle, Rebecca A. ^[2]; Bush, Kevin A. ^[1]; Prasanna, Rohit ^[3]; Palmstrom, Axel ^[3]; McGehee, Michael D. ^[4]; Bent, Stacey F. ^[1]

Stanford University
Wellesley College;Stanford University
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
University of Colorado

Two critical issues associated with semi-transparent, n-i-p perovskite solar cells for 2-terminal tandem devices are parasitic absorption and long-term instability associated with the widely used spiro-OMeTAD and MoOx hole transport and buffer layers, respectively. In this work, we present an alternative hole contact bilayer that consists of a 30 nm undoped layer of spiro-TTB in conjunction with 9 nm of air-stable vanadium oxide (VOx) deposited via atomic layer deposition. The low absorption of UV and visible light in this bilayer results in the fabrication of a semi-transparent perovskite cell with 18.9 mA cm-2 of photocurrent, a 14% increase compared to the 16.6 mA cm-2 generated in a control device with 150 nm of doped spiro-OMeTAD. The ALD VOx buffer layer shows promise as a stable alternative to MoOx; an unencapsulated Cs0.17FA0.83Pb(Br0.17I0.83)3 device with ALD VOx and ITO as the top contact maintains its efficiency following 1000 hours at 85 degrees C in a N2 environment. Lastly, we use transfer matrix modeling of the optimized perovskite stack to predict its optical performance in a monolithic tandem cell with heterojunction silicon.

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Solar Energy Technologies Office (EE-4S), PVRD2 Program

DOE Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 1542763

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5900-74306

Journal Information:: Sustainable Energy & Fuels, Vol. 3, Issue 6

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (67)

High-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells: status and perspectives Battaglia, Corsin; Cuevas, Andres; De Wolf, Stefaan Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 9, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/C5EE03380B	journal	January 2016
Organometal Halide Perovskites as Visible-Light Sensitizers for Photovoltaic Cells Kojima, Akihiro; Teshima, Kenjiro; Shirai, Yasuo Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 131, Issue 17, p. 6050-6051 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja809598r	journal	May 2009
Efficient Hybrid Solar Cells Based on Meso-Superstructured Organometal Halide Perovskites Lee, M. M.; Teuscher, J.; Miyasaka, T. Science, Vol. 338, Issue 6107, p. 643-647 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1228604	journal	October 2012
Solvent engineering for high-performance inorganic–organic hybrid perovskite solar cells Jeon, Nam Joong; Noh, Jun Hong; Kim, Young Chan Nature Materials, Vol. 13, Issue 9, p. 897-903 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4014	journal	July 2014
Incorporation of rubidium cations into perovskite solar cells improves photovoltaic performance Saliba, M.; Matsui, T.; Domanski, K. Science, Vol. 354, Issue 6309 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aah5557	journal	September 2016
Band Gap Tuning via Lattice Contraction and Octahedral Tilting in Perovskite Materials for Photovoltaics Prasanna, Rohit; Gold-Parker, Aryeh; Leijtens, Tomas Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 139, Issue 32 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b04981	journal	August 2017
Formamidinium lead trihalide: a broadly tunable perovskite for efficient planar heterojunction solar cells Eperon, Giles E.; Stranks, Samuel D.; Menelaou, Christopher Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 7, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ee43822h	journal	January 2014
Organometallic Halide Perovskites: Sharp Optical Absorption Edge and Its Relation to Photovoltaic Performance De Wolf, Stefaan; Holovsky, Jakub; Moon, Soo-Jin The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/jz500279b	journal	March 2014
Modeling low cost hybrid tandem photovoltaics with the potential for efficiencies exceeding 20% Beiley, Zach M.; McGehee, Michael D. Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 5, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/c2ee23073a	journal	January 2012
Semi-transparent perovskite solar cells for tandems with silicon and CIGS Bailie, Colin D.; Christoforo, M. Greyson; Mailoa, Jonathan P. Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 8, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4EE03322A	journal	January 2015
Fully textured monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells with 25.2% power conversion efficiency Sahli, Florent; Werner, Jérémie; Kamino, Brett A. Nature Materials, Vol. 17, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-018-0115-4	journal	June 2018
Rubidium Multication Perovskite with Optimized Bandgap for Perovskite-Silicon Tandem with over 26% Efficiency Duong, The; Wu, YiLiang; Shen, Heping Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201700228	journal	April 2017
23.6%-efficient monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells with improved stability Bush, Kevin A.; Palmstrom, Axel F.; Yu, Zhengshan J. Nature Energy, Vol. 2, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2017.9	journal	February 2017
Monolithic perovskite/silicon-homojunction tandem solar cell with over 22% efficiency Wu, YiLiang; Yan, Di; Peng, Jun Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 10, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7EE02288C	journal	January 2017
Grain Engineering for Perovskite/Silicon Monolithic Tandem Solar Cells with Efficiency of 25.4% Chen, Bo; Yu, Zhengshan; Liu, Kong Joule, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.10.003	journal	January 2019
A 2-terminal perovskite/silicon multijunction solar cell enabled by a silicon tunnel junction Mailoa, Jonathan P.; Bailie, Colin D.; Johlin, Eric C. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4914179	journal	March 2015
Design guidelines for perovskite/silicon 2-terminal tandem solar cells: an optical study Grant, D. T.; Catchpole, K. R.; Weber, K. J. Optics Express, Vol. 24, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.24.0A1454	journal	January 2016
Efficient Near-Infrared-Transparent Perovskite Solar Cells Enabling Direct Comparison of 4-Terminal and Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Cells Werner, Jérémie; Barraud, Loris; Walter, Arnaud ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 1, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.6b00254	journal	August 2016
Barrier Design to Prevent Metal-Induced Degradation and Improve Thermal Stability in Perovskite Solar Cells Boyd, Caleb C.; Cheacharoen, Rongrong; Bush, Kevin A. ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 3, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.8b00926	journal	June 2018
Sputtered rear electrode with broadband transparency for perovskite solar cells Werner, Jérémie; Dubuis, Guy; Walter, Arnaud Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 141 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2015.06.024	journal	October 2015
Ion-beam-induced surface damages on tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum Liao, L. S.; Hung, L. S.; Chan, W. C. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 75, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.124773	journal	September 1999
Minimizing Current and Voltage Losses to Reach 25% Efficient Monolithic Two-Terminal Perovskite–Silicon Tandem Solar Cells Bush, Kevin A.; Manzoor, Salman; Frohna, Kyle ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 3, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.8b01201	journal	August 2018
Efficient Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cell with Cell Area >1 cm ² Werner, Jérémie; Weng, Ching-Hsun; Walter, Arnaud The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02686	journal	December 2015
High-Work-Function Molybdenum Oxide Hole Extraction Contacts in Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells Schulz, Philip; Tiepelt, Jan O.; Christians, Jeffrey A. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 8, Issue 46 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b10898	journal	November 2016
Interfacial electronic structure at the CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃ /MoO _x interface Liu, Peng; Liu, Xiaoliang; Lyu, Lu Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4921339	journal	May 2015
Influence of Electrode Interfaces on the Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells: Reduced Degradation Using MoO _x /Al for Hole Collection Sanehira, Erin M.; Tremolet de Villers, Bertrand J.; Schulz, Philip ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.6b00013	journal	April 2016
Tailored interfaces of unencapsulated perovskite solar cells for >1,000 hour operational stability Christians, Jeffrey A.; Schulz, Philip; Tinkham, Jonathan S. Nature Energy, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-017-0067-y	journal	January 2018
A review of the growth of V2O5 films from 1885 to 2010 Beke, Szabolcs Thin Solid Films, Vol. 519, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2010.11.001	journal	January 2011
Thin-film metal oxides in organic semiconductor devices: their electronic structures, work functions and interfaces Greiner, Mark T.; Lu, Zheng-Hong NPG Asia Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/am.2013.29	journal	July 2013
Cesium-Doped Vanadium Oxide as the Hole Extraction Layer for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells Yao, Xiang; Qi, Jun; Xu, Wenzhan ACS Omega, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.7b01944	journal	January 2018
Solution-processed vanadium oxide thin film as the hole extraction layer for efficient hysteresis-free perovskite hybrid solar cells Yao, Xiang; Xu, Wenzhan; Huang, Xiaojuan Organic Electronics, Vol. 47 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2017.05.006	journal	August 2017
Improving the stability of the perovskite solar cells by V ₂ O ₅ modified transport layer film Liu, Zhiyong; He, Tingwei; Wang, Huihui RSC Advances, Vol. 7, Issue 30 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA01303E	journal	January 2017
Cross-linked Triarylamine-Based Hole-Transporting Layer for Solution-Processed PEDOT:PSS-Free Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells Chang, Chia-Chih; Tao, Jhih-Hao; Tsai, Che-En ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 10, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b04396	journal	June 2018
Highly-efficient and low-temperature perovskite solar cells by employing a Bi-hole transport layer consisting of vanadium oxide and copper phthalocyanine Lei, Ting; Dong, Hua; Xi, Jun Chemical Communications, Vol. 54, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1039/C8CC03672A	journal	January 2018
V2O5 -PEDOT: PSS bilayer as hole transport layer for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells Wang, Dian; Elumalai, Naveen Kumar; Mahmud, Md Arafat Organic Electronics, Vol. 53 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2017.10.034	journal	February 2018
Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells Based on a Solution Processable Nickel(II) Phthalocyanine and Vanadium Oxide Integrated Hole Transport Layer Cheng, Ming; Li, Yuanyuan; Safdari, Majid Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201602556	journal	April 2017
A brief review of atomic layer deposition: from fundamentals to applications Johnson, Richard W.; Hultqvist, Adam; Bent, Stacey F. Materials Today, Vol. 17, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2014.04.026	journal	June 2014
Atomic layer deposition for perovskite solar cells: research status, opportunities and challenges Zardetto, V.; Williams, B. L.; Perrotta, A. Sustainable Energy & Fuels, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6SE00076B	journal	January 2017
Atomic Layer Deposition of Transparent VO _x Thin Films for Resistive Switching Applications : Atomic Layer Deposition of Transparent VO Singh, Trilok; Wang, Shuangzhou; Aslam, Nabeel Chemical Vapor Deposition, Vol. 20, Issue 7-8-9 https://doi.org/10.1002/cvde.201407122	journal	August 2014
Amorphous vanadium oxide coating on graphene by atomic layer deposition for stable high energy lithium ion anodes Sun, Xiang; Zhou, Changgong; Xie, Ming Chemical Communications, Vol. 50, Issue 73 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CC04580G	journal	January 2014
Electrical properties of V2O5 thin films obtained by atomic layer deposition (ALD) Badot, J. C.; Mantoux, A.; Baffier, N. Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 14, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1039/b410324f	journal	January 2004
Atomic Layer Epitaxy of Vanadium Oxide Thin Films and Electrochemical Behavior in Presence of Lithium Ions Badot, J. C. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 3, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1391187	journal	January 1999
Comparison of Thermal and Plasma-Enhanced ALD/CVD of Vanadium Pentoxide Musschoot, J.; Deduytsche, D.; Poelman, H. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 156, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3133169	journal	January 2009
Atomic layer deposition and characterization of vanadium oxide thin films Blanquart, Timothee; Niinistö, Jaakko; Gavagnin, Marco RSC Adv., Vol. 3, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/C2RA22820C	journal	January 2013
Synthesis of VO2 Thin Films by Atomic Layer Deposition with TEMAV as Precursor Zhang, K.; Tangirala, M.; Nminibapiel, D. ECS Transactions, Vol. 50, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1149/05013.0175ecst	journal	March 2013
Atomic layer deposition of vanadium oxide thin films from tetrakis(dimethylamino)vanadium precursor Wang, Xinwei; Guo, Zheng; Gao, Yuanhong Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 32, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2016.303	journal	September 2016
Light Harvesting and Charge Recombination in CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃ Perovskite Solar Cells Studied by Hole Transport Layer Thickness Variation Marinova, Nevena; Tress, Wolfgang; Humphry-Baker, Robin ACS Nano, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b00447	journal	February 2015
Enhancing the Hole-Conductivity of Spiro-OMeTAD without Oxygen or Lithium Salts by Using Spiro(TFSI) ₂ in Perovskite and Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Nguyen, William H.; Bailie, Colin D.; Unger, Eva L. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 136, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja504539w	journal	July 2014
Hydrophobic Organic Hole Transporters for Improved Moisture Resistance in Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells Leijtens, Tomas; Giovenzana, Tommaso; Habisreutinger, Severin N. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 8, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b10093	journal	February 2016
Minimal Effect of the Hole-Transport Material Ionization Potential on the Open-Circuit Voltage of Perovskite Solar Cells Belisle, Rebecca A.; Jain, Pratham; Prasanna, Rohit ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 1, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.6b00270	journal	August 2016
Charge Density Dependent Mobility of Organic Hole-Transporters and Mesoporous TiO₂ Determined by Transient Mobility Spectroscopy: Implications to Dye-Sensitized and Organic Solar Cells Leijtens, Tomas; Lim, Jongchul; Teuscher, Joël Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 23, p. 3227-3233 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201300947	journal	May 2013
Comparison of Charge-Carrier Transport in Thin Films of Spiro-Linked Compounds and Their Corresponding Parent Compounds Saragi, T. P. I.; Fuhrmann-Lieker, T.; Salbeck, J. Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 16, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.200500361	journal	May 2006
Atomistic origins of CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃ degradation to PbI ₂ in vacuum Deretzis, I.; Alberti, A.; Pellegrino, G. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4916821	journal	March 2015
Interfacial Effects of Tin Oxide Atomic Layer Deposition in Metal Halide Perovskite Photovoltaics Palmstrom, Axel F.; Raiford, James A.; Prasanna, Rohit Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201800591	journal	June 2018
Controlling Thin-Film Stress and Wrinkling during Perovskite Film Formation Bush, Kevin A.; Rolston, Nicholas; Gold-Parker, Aryeh ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 3, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.8b00544	journal	May 2018
Overcoming ultraviolet light instability of sensitized TiO2 with meso-superstructured organometal tri-halide perovskite solar cells Leijtens, Tomas; Eperon, Giles E.; Pathak, Sandeep Nature Communications, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3885	journal	December 2013
Mesoporous SnO2 electron selective contact enables UV-stable perovskite solar cells Roose, Bart; Baena, Juan-Pablo Correa; Gödel, Karl C. Nano Energy, Vol. 30 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.10.055	journal	December 2016
C ₆₀ as an Efficient n-Type Compact Layer in Perovskite Solar Cells Wojciechowski, Konrad; Leijtens, Tomas; Siprova, Svetlana The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 6, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00902	journal	June 2015
Hysteresis-free low-temperature-processed planar perovskite solar cells with 19.1% efficiency Yoon, Heetae; Kang, Seong Min; Lee, Jong-Kwon Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 9, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6EE01037G	journal	January 2016
Accounting for Interference, Scattering, and Electrode Absorption to Make Accurate Internal Quantum Efficiency Measurements in Organic and Other Thin Solar Cells Burkhard, George F.; Hoke, Eric T.; McGehee, Michael D. Advanced Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 30 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201000883	journal	May 2010
Determination of the V2p XPS binding energies for different vanadium oxidation states (V5+ to V0+) Silversmit, Geert; Depla, Diederik; Poelman, Hilde Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, Vol. 135, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2004.03.004	journal	April 2004
Inverted Organic Solar Cells with Sol-Gel Processed High Work-Function Vanadium Oxide Hole-Extraction Layers Zilberberg, Kirill; Trost, Sara; Meyer, Jens Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 21, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201101402	journal	September 2011
Electronic structure of Vanadium pentoxide: An efficient hole injector for organic electronic materials Meyer, J.; Zilberberg, K.; Riedl, T. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 110, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3611392	journal	August 2011
Crosslinked Remote-Doped Hole-Extracting Contacts Enhance Stability under Accelerated Lifetime Testing in Perovskite Solar Cells Xu, Jixian; Voznyy, Oleksandr; Comin, Riccardo Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201505630	journal	January 2016
Effect of the tungsten oxidation states in the thermal coloration and bleaching of amorphous WO3 films Leftheriotis, G.; Papaefthimiou, S.; Yianoulis, P. Thin Solid Films, Vol. 384, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6090(00)01828-9	journal	March 2001
Not All That Glitters Is Gold: Metal-Migration-Induced Degradation in Perovskite Solar Cells Domanski, Konrad; Correa-Baena, Juan-Pablo; Mine, Nicolas ACS Nano, Vol. 10, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6b02613	journal	May 2016
Silver Iodide Formation in Methyl Ammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells with Silver Top Electrodes Kato, Yuichi; Ono, Luis K.; Lee, Michael V. Advanced Materials Interfaces, Vol. 2, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.201500195	journal	July 2015

Similar Records

Atomic layer deposition of vanadium oxide to reduce parasitic absorption and improve stability in n–i–p perovskite solar cells for tandems

Journal Article · Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2019 · Sustainable Energy & Fuels · OSTI ID:1542763

Raiford, James A.; Belisle, Rebecca A.; Bush, Kevin A.; +4 more

Perovskite Solar Cells for High-Efficiency Tandems

Technical Report · Sat Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · OSTI ID:1542763

McGehee, Michael; Buonassisi, Tonio

Thermally Stable Perovskite Solar Cells by Systematic Molecular Design of the Hole-Transport Layer

Journal Article · Tue Jan 08 00:00:00 EST 2019 · ACS Energy Letters · OSTI ID:1542763

Schloemer, Tracy H.; Gehan, Timothy S.; Christians, Jeffrey A.; +7 more

Related Subjects

14 SOLAR ENERGY
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
hole transports
optical performance
semi-transparent
transfer matrix model
vanadium oxides
atomic layer deposition

Title: Atomic Layer Deposition of Vanadium Oxide to Reduce Parasitic Absorption and Improve Stability in n-i-p Perovskite Solar Cells for Tandems

Citation Formats

References (67)

Similar Records

Related Subjects