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Title: Accurate Quantification of Laminarin in Marine Organic Matter with Enzymes from Marine Microbes

Abstract

Marine algae produce a variety of glycans, which fulfill diverse biological functions and fuel the carbon and energy demands of heterotrophic microbes. A common approach to analysis of marine organic matter uses acid to hydrolyze the glycans into measurable monosaccharides. The monosaccharides may be derived from different glycans that are built with the same monosaccharides, however, and this approach does not distinguish between glycans in natural samples. Here we use enzymes to digest selectively and thereby quantify laminarin in particulate organic matter. Environmental metaproteome data revealed carbohydrate-active enzymes from marine flavobacteria as tools for selective hydrolysis of the algal β-glucan laminarin. The enzymes digested laminarin into glucose and oligosaccharides, which we measured with standard methods to establish the amounts of laminarin in the samples. We cloned, expressed, purified, and characterized three new glycoside hydrolases (GHs) ofFormosabacteria: two are endo-β-1,3-glucanases, of the GH16 and GH17 families, and the other is a GH30 exo-β-1,6-glucanase.Formosasp. nov strain Hel1_33_131 GH30 (FbGH30) removed the β-1,6-glucose side chains, andFormosa agariphilaGH17A (FaGH17A) and FaGH16A hydrolyzed the β-1,3-glucose backbone of laminarin. Specificity profiling with a library of glucan oligosaccharides and polysaccharides revealed that FaGH17A and FbGH30 were highly specific enzymes, while FaGH16A also hydrolyzed mixed-linked glucans with β-1,4-glucose.more » Therefore, we chose the more specific FaGH17A and FbGH30 to quantify laminarin in two cultured diatoms, namely,Thalassiosira weissflogiiandThalassiosira pseudonana, and in seawater samples from the North Sea and the Arctic Ocean. Combined, these results demonstrate the potential of enzymes for faster, stereospecific, and sequence-specific analysis of select glycans in marine organic matter.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [1]
  1. Max Planck Inst. for Marine Microbiology, Bremen (Germany); Univ. of Bremen (Germany). Center for Marine Environmental Sciences
  2. Max Planck Inst. of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm (Germany)
  3. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
OSTI Identifier:
1536860
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0008743
Resource Type:
Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 83; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 0099-2240
Publisher:
American Society for Microbiology
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology; marine microbes; algal bloom; β-glucan; carbon cycle; diatoms; glycobiology; glycoside hydrolase; laminarin; laminarinase; organic matter

Citation Formats

Becker, Stefan, Scheffel, André, Polz, Martin F., and Hehemann, Jan-Hendrik. Accurate Quantification of Laminarin in Marine Organic Matter with Enzymes from Marine Microbes. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1128/aem.03389-16.
Becker, Stefan, Scheffel, André, Polz, Martin F., & Hehemann, Jan-Hendrik. Accurate Quantification of Laminarin in Marine Organic Matter with Enzymes from Marine Microbes. United States. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.03389-16
Becker, Stefan, Scheffel, André, Polz, Martin F., and Hehemann, Jan-Hendrik. 2017. "Accurate Quantification of Laminarin in Marine Organic Matter with Enzymes from Marine Microbes". United States. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.03389-16. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1536860.
@article{osti_1536860,
title = {Accurate Quantification of Laminarin in Marine Organic Matter with Enzymes from Marine Microbes},
author = {Becker, Stefan and Scheffel, André and Polz, Martin F. and Hehemann, Jan-Hendrik},
abstractNote = {Marine algae produce a variety of glycans, which fulfill diverse biological functions and fuel the carbon and energy demands of heterotrophic microbes. A common approach to analysis of marine organic matter uses acid to hydrolyze the glycans into measurable monosaccharides. The monosaccharides may be derived from different glycans that are built with the same monosaccharides, however, and this approach does not distinguish between glycans in natural samples. Here we use enzymes to digest selectively and thereby quantify laminarin in particulate organic matter. Environmental metaproteome data revealed carbohydrate-active enzymes from marine flavobacteria as tools for selective hydrolysis of the algal β-glucan laminarin. The enzymes digested laminarin into glucose and oligosaccharides, which we measured with standard methods to establish the amounts of laminarin in the samples. We cloned, expressed, purified, and characterized three new glycoside hydrolases (GHs) ofFormosabacteria: two are endo-β-1,3-glucanases, of the GH16 and GH17 families, and the other is a GH30 exo-β-1,6-glucanase.Formosasp. nov strain Hel1_33_131 GH30 (FbGH30) removed the β-1,6-glucose side chains, andFormosa agariphilaGH17A (FaGH17A) and FaGH16A hydrolyzed the β-1,3-glucose backbone of laminarin. Specificity profiling with a library of glucan oligosaccharides and polysaccharides revealed that FaGH17A and FbGH30 were highly specific enzymes, while FaGH16A also hydrolyzed mixed-linked glucans with β-1,4-glucose. Therefore, we chose the more specific FaGH17A and FbGH30 to quantify laminarin in two cultured diatoms, namely,Thalassiosira weissflogiiandThalassiosira pseudonana, and in seawater samples from the North Sea and the Arctic Ocean. Combined, these results demonstrate the potential of enzymes for faster, stereospecific, and sequence-specific analysis of select glycans in marine organic matter.},
doi = {10.1128/aem.03389-16},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1536860}, journal = {Applied and Environmental Microbiology},
issn = {0099-2240},
number = 9,
volume = 83,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Feb 17 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Fri Feb 17 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Biochemical characterization of an ulvan lyase from the marine flavobacterium Formosa agariphila KMM 3901T
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Characterization of the GH16 and GH17 laminarinases from Vibrio breoganii 1C10
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Adaptive mechanisms that provide competitive advantages to marine bacteroidetes during microalgal blooms
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Laminarin is a major molecule in the marine carbon cycle
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Molecular recognition of the beta‐glucans laminarin and pustulan by a SusD‐like glycan‐binding protein of a marine Bacteroidetes
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FGB1 and WSC3 are in planta‐ induced β ‐glucan‐binding fungal lectins with different functions
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Extraction and Modification of Macroalgal Polysaccharides for Current and Next-Generation Applications
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Adaptive mechanisms that provide competitive advantages to marine bacteroidetes during microalgal blooms
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Molecular recognition of the beta-glucans laminarin and pustulan by a SusD-like glycan-binding protein of a marine Bacteroidetes
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Comparative genome-centric analysis reveals seasonal variation in the function of coral reef microbiomes
journal, March 2020


Laminarin is a major molecule in the marine carbon cycle
journal, March 2020