Inductor including alpha″-Fe16Z2 or alpha″-Fe16(NxZ1-x)2, where Z includes at least one of C, B, or O

Wang, Jian -Ping; Jiang, Yanfeng; Mehedi, Md Aminul

Inductor including alpha″-Fe16Z2 or alpha″-Fe16(NxZ1-x)2, where Z includes at least one of C, B, or O

Patent · 19 June 2018

OSTI ID:1531350

Wang, Jian -Ping; Jiang, Yanfeng; Mehedi, Md Aminul

An inductor may include a magnetic material that may include α″-Fe16(NxZ1-x)2 or α′-Fe8(NxZ1-x), or a mixture of at least one of α″-Fe16N2 or α′-Fe8N and at least one of α″-Fe16Z2 or α′-Fe8Z, where Z includes at least one of C, B, or O, and x is a number greater than zero and less than one. In some examples, the magnetic material may include a relatively high magnetic saturation, such as greater than about 200 emu/gram, greater than about 242 emu/gram, or greater than about 250 emu/gram. In addition, in some examples, the magnetic material may include a relatively low coercivity or magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Techniques for forming the inductor including the magnetic material are also described.

View Patent

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Contributing Organization:: Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States)

DOE Contract Number:: AR0000199

Assignee:: Regents of the University of Minnesota (Minnepolis, MN)

Patent Number(s):: 10,002,694

Application Number:: 14/821,520

OSTI ID:: 1531350

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (238)

Tuning the Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of FePt Nanomagnets Qiu, J.-M.; Wang, J.-P. Advanced Materials, Vol. 19, Issue 13, p. 1703-1706 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200602374	journal	July 2007
Magnetic Materials and Devices for the 21st Century: Stronger, Lighter, and More Energy Efficient Gutfleisch, Oliver; Willard, Matthew A.; Brück, Ekkes Advanced Materials, Vol. 23, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201002180	journal	December 2010
DFT studies on structure, mechanics and phase behavior of magnetic shape memory alloys: Ni₂ MnGa Özdemir Kart, S.; Uludog˘an, M.; Karaman, I. physica status solidi (a), Vol. 205, Issue 5, p. 1026-1035 https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.200776453	journal	May 2008
Elastic constants of binary iron-base alloys Speich, G. R.; Schwoeble, A. J.; Leslie, W. C. Metallurgical Transactions, Vol. 3, Issue 8, p. 2031-2037 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02643211	journal	August 1972
Tempering of Iron-Carbon-Nitrogen martensites Cheng, Liu; Böttger, A.; Mittemeijer, E. J. Metallurgical Transactions A, Vol. 23, Issue 4, p. 1129-1145 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02665045	journal	April 1992
A reevaluation of the Fe-N and Fe-C-N systems Du, H. Journal of Phase Equilibria, Vol. 14, Issue 6, p. 682-693 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02667880	journal	December 1993
Strain induced martensite formation in stainless steel Cook, D. C. Metallurgical Transactions A, Vol. 18, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02825701	journal	February 1987
A new challenge: grain boundary engineering for advanced materials by magnetic field application Watanabe, Tadao; Tsurekawa, Sadahiro; Zhao, Xiang Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 41, Issue 23, p. 7747-7759 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-0740-1	journal	October 2006
The rapid solidification processing of materials: science, principles, technology, advances, and applications Lavernia, Enrique J.; Srivatsan, T. S. Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 45, Issue 2, p. 287-325 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-009-3995-5	journal	December 2009
Effects of high magnetic fields on solidification microstructure of Al–Si alloys Liu, Tie; Wang, Qiang; Zhang, Hong-Wei Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 46, Issue 6, p. 1628-1634 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-010-4978-2	journal	October 2010
Transformations in the Fe – N system Kardonina, N. I.; Yurovskikh, A. S.; Kolpakov, A. S. Metal Science and Heat Treatment, Vol. 52, Issue 9-10 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11041-010-9301-y	journal	January 2011
Low-temperature extension of the lehrer diagram and the iron-nitrogen phase diagram van Voorthuysen, E. H. Du Marchie; Boerma, D. O.; Chechenin, N. C. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 33, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-002-0380-2	journal	August 2002
Perspectives on Permanent Magnetic Materials for Energy Conversion and Power Generation Lewis, Laura H.; Jiménez-Villacorta, Félix Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 44, Issue S1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-012-1278-2	journal	July 2012
The formation of protective nitride surfaces for PEM fuel cell metallic bipolar plates Brady, M. P.; Yang, B.; Wang, H. JOM, Vol. 58, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-006-0054-4	journal	August 2006
The tempering of Fe-C-N martensite Ferguson, P.; Jack, K. H. Scripta Metallurgica, Vol. 18, Issue 11, p. 1189-1194 https://doi.org/10.1016/0036-9748(84)90103-0	journal	November 1984
Search for giant magnetic moments in ion-beam-synthesized α″-Fe₁₆N₂ Weber, T.; de Wit, L.; Saris, F. W. Thin Solid Films, Vol. 279, Issue 1-2, p. 216-220 https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6090(95)08176-3	journal	June 1996
High resolution transmission electron microscopic study of the formation of Fe16N2 in bulk iron by ion implantation Tsubakino, H.; Ando, M.; Takata, Y. Materials Letters, Vol. 26, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-577X(95)00216-2	journal	February 1996
Rare earth-cobalt permanent magnets Strnat, Karl J.; Strnat, Reinhold M. W. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 100, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(91)90811-N	journal	November 1991
Neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets Herbst, J. F.; Croat, J. J. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 100, Issue 1-3, p. 57-78 https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(91)90812-O	journal	November 1991
Exchange hardening in nano-structured two-phase permanent magnets Schrefl, T.; Kronmüller, H.; Fidler, J. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 127, Issue 3, p. L273-L277 https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(93)90042-Z	journal	October 1993
Magnetism of α′-FeN alloys and α″-(Fe₁₆N₂) Fe nitrides Huang, M. Q.; Wallace, W. E.; Simizu, S. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 135, Issue 2, p. 226-230 https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(94)90350-6	journal	July 1994
A new assessment of the Fe-N phase diagram Frisk, Karin Calphad, Vol. 11, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916(87)90004-6	journal	April 1987
Shock compression of solids Davison, Lee; Graham, R. A. Physics Reports, Vol. 55, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-1573(79)90026-7	journal	October 1979
Monte Carlo simulation of an analytical glow discharge: motion of electrons, ions and fast neutrals in the cathode dark space Bogaerts, Annemie; van Straaten, Mark; Gijbels, Renaat Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol. 50, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0584-8547(94)00117-E	journal	March 1995
Polarized neutron reflectometry Majkrzak, C. F. Physica B: Condensed Matter, Vol. 173, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-4526(91)90037-F	journal	August 1991
Magnetic depth profiling studies by polarized neutron reflection Felcher, G. P. Physica B: Condensed Matter, Vol. 192, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-4526(93)90115-M	journal	October 1993
Magnetic hardening and coercivity mechanisms in L1₀ ordered FePd ferromagnets Klemmer, T.; Hoydick, D.; Okumura, H. Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia, Vol. 33, Issue 10-11, p. 1793-1805 https://doi.org/10.1016/0956-716X(95)00413-P	journal	December 1995
Diamond-like carbon films prepared by facing-target sputtering Shi, J. R.; Wang, J. P. Thin Solid Films, Vol. 420-421 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6090(02)00794-0	journal	December 2002
Preparation of FeN thin films by chemical vapor deposition using a chloride source Takahashi, Naoyuki; Toda, Yoshihiro; Nakamura, Takato Materials Letters, Vol. 42, Issue 6, p. 380-382 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-577X(99)00214-1	journal	March 2000
Growth, structural, and magnetic properties of iron nitride thin films deposited by dc magnetron sputtering Wang, X.; Zheng, W. T.; Tian, H. W. Applied Surface Science, Vol. 220, Issue 1-4, p. 30-39 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00752-9	journal	December 2003
Growth mechanism of FeN films by means of an atmospheric pressure halide chemical vapor deposition Takahashi, N.; Toda, Y.; Ishibashi, A. Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 65, Issue 1, p. 113-116 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-0584(00)00224-8	journal	June 2000
Formation of Fe16N2 in iron sheet by an ion implantation method Tsubakino, H.; Ando, M.; Yamamoto, A. Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 54, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-0584(98)00076-5	journal	July 1998
Effects of film thickness on formation processes of Fe₁₆N₂ in nitrogen ion-implanted Fe films Shinno, H.; Saito, K. Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 103-104, p. 129-134 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(98)00388-0	journal	May 1998
New soft magnetic material of α′-Fe–C with high B_s Takahashi, Migaku; Takahashi, Yukiko; Sunaga, Kazuyuki Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 239, Issue 1-3, p. 479-483 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(01)00661-8	journal	February 2002
Permanent magnet applications Coey, J. M. D. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 248, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(02)00335-9	journal	August 2002
Magnetic properties and structure of the α″-Fe₁₆N₂ films Abdellateef, M. A.; Heiden, C.; Lemke, H. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 256, Issue 1-3, p. 214-220 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(02)00479-1	journal	January 2003
Layer selective magnetometry in ultrathin magnetic structures by polarised neutron reflection Bland, J. A. C.; Lee, J.; Hope, S. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 165, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(96)00470-2	journal	January 1997
Structure and magnetic moment of Fe₁₆N₂ sputtered film Takahashi, H.; Shoji, H.; Takahashi, Migaku Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 174, Issue 1-2, p. 57-69 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(97)00213-8	journal	October 1997
Electronic structure and magnetic properties of hard/soft multilayers Sabiryanov, R. F.; Jaswal, S. S. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 177-181, p. 989-990 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(97)00364-8	journal	January 1998
Formation and magnetic properties of Fe16N2 films prepared by ion-beam-assisted deposition Yao, Zhen-Yu; Jiang, Hai; Liu, Zhi-Kai Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 177-181 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(97)01020-2	journal	January 1998
Structural and magnetic phase transitions in shape memory alloys Ni2 + XMn1 −XGa Vasil'ev, A.; Bozhko, A.; Khovailo, V. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 196-197 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(98)00964-0	journal	May 1999
Magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH): Cancer treatment with AC magnetic field induced excitation of biocompatible superparamagnetic nanoparticles Jordan, Andreas; Scholz, Regina; Wust, Peter Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 201, Issue 1-3, p. 413-419 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(99)00088-8	journal	July 1999
Magnetic and magnetomechanical properties of Ni₂MnGa Tickle, R.; James, R. D. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 195, Issue 3, p. 627-638 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(99)00292-9	journal	June 1999
Magnetic nitrides Coey, J. M. D.; Smith, P. A. I. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 200, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(99)00429-1	journal	October 1999
α″-Fe₁₆N₂ problem — giant magnetic moment or not Takahashi, Migaku; Shoji, H. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 208, Issue 3, p. 145-157 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(99)00536-3	journal	January 2000
Crystal distortion and the magnetic moment of epitaxially grown α″-Fe₁₆N₂ Okamoto, Satoshi; Kitakami, Osamu; Shimada, Yutaka Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 208, Issue 1-2, p. 102-114 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(99)00556-9	journal	January 2000
Impurity effect of carbon on structure and saturation magnetization of Fe–N films Takahashi, Y.; Shoji, H.; Takahashi, M. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 210, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(99)00596-X	journal	February 2000
Exchange-spring behavior of hard/soft magnetic multilayers: optimization study of the nanostructure Amato, Matteo; Rettori, Angelo; Pini, Maria Gloria Physica B: Condensed Matter, Vol. 275, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-4526(99)00726-7	journal	January 2000
Structure and magnetic properties of ball-milled iron nitride powders Paseka, Ivo; Bezdička, Petr; Kláriková, Adriana Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 274, Issue 1-2, p. 248-253 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-8388(98)00536-2	journal	June 1998
Low temperature crystal structure of Ni–Mn–Ga alloys Wedel, B.; Suzuki, M.; Murakami, Y. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 290, Issue 1-2, p. 137-143 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-8388(99)00198-X	journal	August 1999
Chapter 3 The structure and properties of alnico permanent magnet alloys McCurrie, R. A. Handbook of Ferromagnetic Materials, Vol. 3, 107-188 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1574-9304(05)80089-6	book	January 1982
Phase transformation and magnetic anisotropy of an iron–palladium ferromagnetic shape-memory alloy Cui, J.; Shield, T. W.; James, R. D. Acta Materialia, Vol. 52, Issue 1, p. 35-47 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2003.08.024	journal	January 2004
Energy barriers and hysteresis in martensitic phase transformations Zhang, Zhiyong; James, Richard D.; Müller, Stefan Acta Materialia, Vol. 57, Issue 15, p. 4332-4352 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2009.05.034	journal	September 2009
Evaluation of the diffusion coefficient of nitrogen in Fe₄N_1−x nitride layers during microwave post-discharge nitriding Campos, I.; Torres, R.; Bautista, O. Applied Surface Science, Vol. 249, Issue 1-4, p. 54-59 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.11.029	journal	August 2005
The Li intercalation potential of LiMPO₄ and LiMSiO₄ olivines with M=Fe, Mn, Co, Ni Zhou, Fei; Cococcioni, Matteo; Kang, Kisuk Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 11, p. 1144-1148 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2004.09.007	journal	November 2004
Alloy design of intermetallics for protective scale formation and for use as precursors for complex ceramic phase surfaces Brady, M. P.; Tortorelli, P. F. Intermetallics, Vol. 12, Issue 7-9, p. 779-789 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2004.02.019	journal	July 2004
Particle size dependence in low temperature nitridation reaction for Fe₁₆N₂ Kikkawa, Shinichi; Kubota, Kohei; Takeda, Takashi Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 449, Issue 1-2, p. 7-10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.12.134	journal	January 2008
Preparation and the influence of Co, Pt and Cr additions on the saturation magnetization of α″-Fe₁₆N₂ thin films Atiq, Shahid; Ko, Hyen-Seok; Siddiqi, Saadat Anwar Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 479, Issue 1-2, p. 755-758 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.01.041	journal	June 2009
Nucleation behavior of bulk Ni–Cu alloy and pure Sb in High magnetic fields Liu, Tie; Wang, Qiang; Liu, Feng Journal of Crystal Growth, Vol. 321, Issue 1, p. 167-170 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.02.037	journal	April 2011
Soft magnetic composite materials (SMCs) Shokrollahi, H.; Janghorban, K. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 189, Issue 1-3, p. 1-12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.02.034	journal	July 2007
Magnetic properties of core–shell type nanoparticles Kita, Eiji; Shibata, K.; Yanagihara, H. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 310, Issue 2, p. 2411-2413 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2006.10.1009	journal	March 2007
Ab initio modeling of martensitic transformations (MT) in magnetic shape memory alloys Entel, P.; Gruner, M. E.; Adeagbo, W. A. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 310, Issue 2, p. 2761-2763 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2006.10.1114	journal	March 2007
Magnetocrystalline anisotropy energies of Fe₁₆N₂ and Fe₁₆C₂ Uchida, S.; Kawakatsu, T.; Sekine, A. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 310, Issue 2, p. 1796-1798 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2006.10.708	journal	March 2007
Nanocrystalline soft magnetic ribbon with α″-Fe₁₆N₂ nanocrystallites embedded in amorphous matrix Liu, Wensheng; Tang, Jiancheng; Du, Youwei Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 320, Issue 21, p. 2752-2754 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2008.06.005	journal	November 2008
Formation of nanocrystalline Fe–N–B–Cu soft magnetic ribbons Tang, Jiancheng; Wu, Aihua; Peng, Kun Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, Vol. 337, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.04.013	journal	July 2004
A review of recent developments in the synthesis procedures of lithium iron phosphate powders Jugović, Dragana; Uskoković, Dragan Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 190, Issue 2, p. 538-544 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.01.074	journal	May 2009
Pre-oxidized and nitrided stainless steel alloy foil for proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plates: Part 1. Corrosion, interfacial contact resistance, and surface structure Brady, M. P.; Wang, H.; Turner, J. A. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 195, Issue 17, p. 5610-5618 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.03.055	journal	September 2010
Pre-oxidized and nitrided stainless steel alloy foil for proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plates. Part 2: Single-cell fuel cell evaluation of stamped plates Toops, Todd J.; Brady, Michael P.; Tortorelli, Peter F. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 195, Issue 17, p. 5619-5627 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.03.056	journal	September 2010
Humidity effects in Fe16N2 fine powder preparation by low-temperature nitridation Yamanaka, Kohetsu; Onuma, Yuki; Yamashita, Shohei Journal of Solid State Chemistry, Vol. 183, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2010.07.045	journal	September 2010
Fine Fe16N2 powder prepared by low-temperature nitridation Kikkawa, Shinichi; Yamada, Atushi; Masubuchi, Yuji Materials Research Bulletin, Vol. 43, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2008.02.008	journal	December 2008
Modeling the strain response, magneto-mechanical cycling under the external stress, work output and energy losses in Ni–Mn–Ga Likhachev, A. A.; Sozinov, A.; Ullakko, K. Mechanics of Materials, Vol. 38, Issue 5-6, p. 551-563 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2005.05.022	journal	May 2006
Towards an improved continuum theory for phase transformations Tijssens, M. G. A.; James, R. D. Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 378, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2003.09.109	journal	July 2004
Highlights from the magnetism reflectometer at the SNS Lauter, Valeria; Ambaye, Hailemariam; Goyette, Richard Physica B: Condensed Matter, Vol. 404, Issue 17, p. 2543-2546 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2009.06.021	journal	September 2009
Small-angle polarized neutron scattering study of spherical Fe₁₆N₂ nano-particles for magnetic recording tape Oku, Takayuki; Kikuchi, Takayuki; Shinohara, Takenao Physica B: Condensed Matter, Vol. 404, Issue 17, p. 2575-2577 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2009.06.027	journal	September 2009
In situ evidence of enhanced transformation kinetics in a medium carbon steel due to a high magnetic field Ludtka, G. M.; Jaramillo, R. A.; Kisner, R. A. Scripta Materialia, Vol. 51, Issue 2, p. 171-174 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.03.029	journal	July 2004
Simulation of Heme Using DFT + U: A Step toward Accurate Spin-State Energetics Scherlis, Damián A.; Cococcioni, Matteo; Sit, Patrick The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 111, Issue 25, p. 7384-7391 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp070549l	journal	June 2007
A soft magnetic CoNiFe film with high saturation magnetic flux density and low coercivity Osaka, Tetsuya; Takai, Madoka; Hayashi, Katsuyoshi Nature, Vol. 392, Issue 6678, p. 796-798 https://doi.org/10.1038/33888	journal	April 1998
Properties of a new soft magnetic material Wang, S. X.; Sun, N. X.; Yamaguchi, M. Nature, Vol. 407, Issue 6801, p. 150-151 https://doi.org/10.1038/35025142	journal	September 2000
Exchange-coupled nanocomposite magnets by nanoparticle self-assembly Zeng, Hao; Li, Jing; Liu, J. P. Nature, Vol. 420, Issue 6914, p. 395-398 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01208	journal	November 2002
Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO₃ Haeni, J. H.; Irvin, P.; Chang, W. Nature, Vol. 430, Issue 7001, p. 758-761 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02773	journal	August 2004
Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future Chu, Steven; Majumdar, Arun Nature, Vol. 488, Issue 7411, p. 294-303 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11475	journal	August 2012
Giant superconductivity-induced modulation of the ferromagnetic magnetization in a cuprate–manganite superlattice Hoppler, J.; Stahn, J.; Niedermayer, Ch. Nature Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 4, p. 315-319 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2383	journal	February 2009
Magnetism at the interface between ferromagnetic and superconducting oxides Chakhalian, J.; Freeland, J. W.; Srajer, G. Nature Physics, Vol. 2, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys272	journal	April 2006
Monte Carlo simulations of spin-1/2 micelle and microemulsion models Jan, N.; Stauffer, D. Journal de Physique, Vol. 49, Issue 4, p. 623-633 https://doi.org/10.1051/jphys:01988004904062300	journal	January 1988
MICROMAGNETIC ANALYSIS OF THE MAGNETIC HARDENING MECHANISMS IN RE-Fe-B MAGNETS Kronmüller, H.; Durst, K. -D.; Hock, S. Le Journal de Physique Colloques, Vol. 49, Issue C8 https://doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:19888283	journal	December 1988
Nitrogen‐implantation‐induced transformation of iron to crystalline Fe ₁₆ N ₂ in epitaxial iron films Nakajima, Kensuke; Okamoto, Shoichi Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 54, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.101543	journal	June 1989
Large magnetization induced in single crystalline iron films by high‐dose nitrogen implantation Nakajima, Kensuke; Okamoto, Shoichi Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 56, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.102614	journal	January 1990
Epitaxial Fe₁₆N₂ films grown by sputtering Ortiz, C.; Dumpich, G.; Morrish, A. H. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 65, Issue 21, p. 2737-2739 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.112552	journal	November 1994
Structure and magnetic properties of exchange-spring Sm–Co/Co superlattices Fullerton, Eric E.; Jiang, J. Samuel; Sowers, C. H. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 72, Issue 3, p. 380-382 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.120743	journal	January 1998
High energy products in rapidly annealed nanoscale Fe/Pt multilayers Liu, J. P.; Luo, C. P.; Liu, Y. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 72, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.120793	journal	January 1998
Role of alloying on the shape memory effect in Ni[sub 2]MnGa MacLaren, J. M. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 91, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1449440	journal	January 2002
Electronic and structural properties of Fe₃Pd–Pt ferromagnetic shape memory alloys Stern, R. A.; Willoughby, S. D.; Ramirez, A. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 91, Issue 10, Article No. 7818 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1449443	journal	January 2002
Shape memory and ferromagnetic shape memory effects in single-crystal Ni2MnGa thin films Dong, J. W.; Xie, J. Q.; Lu, J. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 95, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1643199	journal	March 2004
New Magnetic Material Having Ultrahigh Magnetic Moment Kim, T. K.; Takahashi, M. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 20, Issue 12, p. 492-494 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1654030	journal	June 1972
Electronic Structure of Alloys Slater, J. C. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1710311	journal	June 1937
Composition and temperature dependence of the crystal structure of Ni–Mn–Ga alloys Lanska, N.; Söderberg, O.; Sozinov, A. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 95, Issue 12, p. 8074-8078 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1748860	journal	June 2004
Improving exchange-spring nanocomposite permanent magnets Jiang, J. S.; Pearson, J. E.; Liu, Z. Y. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 85, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1828225	journal	November 2004
Anisotropy dependence of irreversible switching in Fe∕SmCo and FeNi∕FePt exchange spring magnet films Davies, Joseph E.; Hellwig, Olav; Fullerton, Eric E. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 86, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1954898	journal	June 2005
Monodispersed and highly ordered L10 FePt nanoparticles prepared in the gas phase Qiu, Jiao-Ming; Wang, Jian-Ping Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 88, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2202130	journal	May 2006
Magnetization of α′ iron nitride produced through the fcc→bct martensitic transformation in high magnetic field Koyano, T.; Nomiyama, T.; Kanoh, N. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 100, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2227640	journal	August 2006
In-cluster-structured exchange-coupled magnets with high energy densities Rui, X.; Shield, J. E.; Sun, Z. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 89, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2355448	journal	September 2006
In situ magnetic field alignment of directly ordered L10 FePt nanoparticles Qiu, Jiao-Ming; Bai, Jianmin; Wang, Jian-Ping Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 89, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2398912	journal	November 2006
SmCo5∕Fe nanocomposites synthesized from reductive annealing of oxide nanoparticles Hou, Yanglong; Sun, Shouheng; Rong, Chuanbing Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 91, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2799170	journal	October 2007
Switchable Ni–Mn–Ga Heusler nanocrystals Zayak, A. T.; Beckman, S. P.; Tiago, Murilo L. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 104, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2988189	journal	January 2008
Fe-Cr-Co ductile magnet with (BH)max?8 MGOe Kaneko, H.; Homma, M.; Okada, M. AIP Conference Proceedings Vol. 29 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.30486	conference	January 1976
Anomalous ferromagnetism in TbMnO3 thin films Kirby, B. J.; Kan, D.; Luykx, A. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 105, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3072076	journal	April 2009
Fabrication of bulk nanocomposite magnets via severe plastic deformation and warm compaction Rong, Chuanbing; Zhang, Ying; Poudyal, Narayan Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3358390	journal	March 2010
High‐energy cast Pr‐Fe‐B magnets Shimoda, T.; Akioka, K.; Kobayashi, O. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 64, Issue 10, p. 5290-5292 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.342395	journal	November 1988
Formation of ferromagnetic iron nitrides in iron thin films by high‐dose nitrogen ion implantation Nakajima, Kensuke; Okamoto, Shoichi; Okada, Takuya Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 65, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.343272	journal	June 1989
Epitaxial growth and magnetic properties of Fe₁₆N₂ films with high saturation magnetic flux density (invited) Komuro, Matahiro; Kozono, Yuzoo; Hanazono, Masanobu Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 67, Issue 9, p. 5126-5130 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.344689	journal	May 1990
Magnetic anisotropy and soft magnetism of iron nitride thin films prepared by facing‐target sputtering Morisako, Akimitsu; Matsumoto, Mitsunori; Naoe, Masahiko Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 69, Issue 8, p. 5619-5621 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.347941	journal	April 1991
Giant magnetic moment and other magnetic properties of epitaxially grown Fe₁₆N₂ single‐crystal films (invited) Sugita, Y.; Mitsuoka, K.; Komuro, M. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 70, Issue 10, p. 5977-5982 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.350067	journal	November 1991
Quantitative correlation of phase structure with the magnetic moment in rf sputtered Fe‐N films Gao, C.; Doyle, W. D.; Shamsuzzoha, M. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 73, Issue 10, p. 6579-6581 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.352570	journal	May 1993
Ferromagnetic resonance studies of Fe₁₆N₂ films with a giant magnetic moment Takahashi, H.; Mitsuoka, K.; Komuro, M. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 73, Issue 10, p. 6060-6062 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.353469	journal	May 1993
N site ordering effect on partially ordered Fe16N2 Ji, Nian; Allard, Lawrence F.; Lara-Curzio, Edgar Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 98, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3560051	journal	February 2011
Epitaxial high saturation magnetization FeN thin films on Fe(001) seeded GaAs(001) single crystal wafer using facing target sputterings Ji, Nian; Wu, Yiming; Wang, Jian-Ping Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 109, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3565403	journal	April 2011
Mechanically alloyed nanocomposite magnets Gong, Wei; Hadjipanayis, G. C.; Krause, R. F. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 75, Issue 10, p. 6649-6651 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.356883	journal	May 1994
Synthesis and characterization of Fe₁₆N₂ in bulk form Huang, M. Q.; Wallace, W. E.; Simizu, S. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 75, Issue 10, p. 6574-6576 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.356925	journal	May 1994
Synthesis and properties of α″‐Fe₁₆N₂ in magnetic particles Bao, Xiaohua; Metzger, Robert M.; Carbucicchio, Massimo Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 75, Issue 10, p. 5870-5872 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.356988	journal	May 1994
The magnetization of bulk α‘Fe₁₆N₂ (invited) Coey, J. M. D. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 76, Issue 10, p. 6632-6636 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.358156	journal	November 1994
Magnetic and Mössbauer studies of single‐crystal Fe₁₆N₂ and Fe‐N martensite films epitaxially grown by molecular beam epitaxy (invited) Sugita, Yutaka; Takahashi, Hiromasa; Komuro, Matahiro Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 76, Issue 10, p. 6637-6641 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.358157	journal	November 1994
Enhanced Fe moment in nitrogen martensite and Fe₁₆N₂ (invited) Wallace, W. E.; Huang, M. Q. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 76, Issue 10, p. 6648-6652 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.358158	journal	November 1994
Enhancement of the formation of Fe ₁₆ N ₂ on Fe films by Co additions (invited) Inoue, Yoshiharu; Takebayashi, Shigeto; Mukai, Toshio Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 76, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.358159	journal	November 1994
Magnetism of α ″‐Fe₁₆N₂ (invited) Metzger, Robert M.; Bao, Xiaohua; Carbucicchio, Massimo Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 76, Issue 10, p. 6626-6631 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.358426	journal	November 1994
Magnetic moment of α″‐Fe₁₆N₂ films (invited) Takahashi, Migaku; Shoji, H.; Takahashi, H. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 76, Issue 10, p. 6642-6647 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.358431	journal	November 1994
The synthesis, structure, and characterization of α″‐Fe₁₆N₂ (invited) Jack, K. H. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 76, Issue 10, p. 6620-6625 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.358482	journal	November 1994
Nanocomposite exchange-spring magnet synthesized by gas phase method: From isotropic to anisotropic Liu, Xiaoqi; He, Shihai; Qiu, Jiao-Ming Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 98, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3597225	journal	May 2011
Epitaxial Fe₁₆N₂ films grown on Si(001) by reactive sputtering Brewer, M. A.; Krishnan, Kannan M.; Ortiz, C. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 79, Issue 8, Article No. 5321 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.361365	journal	January 1996
Characterization of epitaxially grown Fe‐N films by sputter beam method Okamoto, Satoshi; Kitakami, Osamu; Shimada, Yutaka Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 79, Issue 3, p. 1678-1683 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.361421	journal	February 1996
Epitaxial single crystal Fe₁₆N₂ films grown by facing targets sputtering Sun, D. C.; Jiang, E. Y.; Tian, M. B. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 79, Issue 8, Article No. 5440 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.361843	journal	January 1996
Structure and magnetic moment of αʺ-Fe₁₆N₂ compound films: Effect of Co and H on phase formation (invited) Takahashi, Migaku; Takahashi, H.; Nashi, H. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 79, Issue 8, Article No. 5564 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.362244	journal	January 1996
Electronic and magnetic structure of iron nitride, Fe16N2 (invited) Sakuma, Akimasa Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 79, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.362245	journal	January 1996
Magnetic and electrical properties of single-phase, single-crystal Fe₁₆N₂ films epitaxially grown by molecular beam epitaxy (invited) Sugita, Yutaka; Takahashi, Hiromasa; Komuro, Matahiro Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 79, Issue 8, Article No. 5576 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.362246	journal	January 1996
Magnetic and physical microstructure of Fe₁₆N₂ films grown epitaxially on Si(001) Brewer, M. A.; Echer, C. J.; Krishnan, Kannan M. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 81, Issue 8, p. 4128-4130 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.365102	journal	April 1997
Partitioning of Ga and Co atoms in a Fe₃B/Nd₂Fe₁₄B nanocomposite magnet Ping, D. H.; Hono, K.; Hirosawa, S. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 83, Issue 12, p. 7769-7775 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.367951	journal	June 1998
Exchange-spring systems: Coupling of hard and soft ferromagnets as measured by magnetization and Brillouin light scattering (invited) Grimsditch, M.; Camley, R.; Fullerton, E. E. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 85, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.369908	journal	April 1999
Shock compression response of α″-Fe ₁₆ N ₂ nanoparticles Wehrenberg, Christopher; Zande, Brian; Simizu, Satoru Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 111, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4704368	journal	April 2012
Strain induced giant magnetism in epitaxial Fe ₁₆ N ₂ thin film Ji, Nian; Lauter, Valeria; Zhang, Xiaowei Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4792706	journal	February 2013
Strain effect of multilayer FeN structure on GaAs substrate Zhang, Xiaowei; Ji, Nian; Lauter, Valeria Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 113, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4800086	journal	May 2013
The effect of strain induced by Ag underlayer on saturation magnetization of partially ordered Fe ₁₆ N ₂ thin films Yang, Meiyin; Allard, Lawrence F.; Ji, Nian Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4847315	journal	December 2013
FeN foils by nitrogen ion-implantation Jiang, Yanfeng; Al Mehedi, Md; Fu, Engang Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 115, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4868492	journal	May 2014
9 T high magnetic field annealing effects on FeN bulk sample Jiang, Yanfeng; Dabade, Vivekanand; Brady, Michael P. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 115, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4868493	journal	May 2014
Thermal stability of partially ordered Fe ₁₆ N ₂ film on non-magnetic Ag under layer Zhang, Xiaowei; Yang, Meiyin; Jiang, Yanfeng Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 115, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4869065	journal	May 2014
The magnetic properties of platinum cobalt near the equiatomic composition part II. mechanism of magnetic hardening Gaunt, P. Philosophical Magazine, Vol. 13, Issue 123 https://doi.org/10.1080/14786436608212649	journal	March 1966
Shift of the eutectoid point in the Fe–C binary system by a high magnetic field Zhang, Y. D.; Esling, C.; Calcagnotto, M. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 40, Issue 21, p. 6501-6506 https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/40/21/005	journal	October 2007
Iron nitride thin films deposited by chloride assisted plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition: facile stoichiometry control and mechanism study Zheng, Jie; Yang, Rong; Chen, Weimeng Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 42, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/42/18/185209	journal	September 2009
Ab initio study of tetragonal variants in Ni2MnGa alloy Ayuela, A.; Enkovaara, J.; Nieminen, R. M. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 14, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/14/21/307	journal	May 2002
The crystal structure and phase transitions of the magnetic shape memory compound Ni₂MnGa Brown, P. J.; Crangle, J.; Kanomata, T. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 14, Issue 43, p. 10159-10171 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/14/43/313	journal	October 2002
First-principles investigations of homogeneous lattice-distortive strain and shuffles in Ni ₂ MnGa Zayak, A. T.; Entel, P.; Enkovaara, J. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 15, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/15/2/315	journal	December 2002
Recent developments in hard magnetic bulk materials Fidler, Josef; Schrefl, Thomas; Hoefinger, Sabine Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 16, Issue 5, p. S455-S470 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/16/5/007	journal	January 2004
Spin-polarization and electronic properties of half-metallic Heusler alloys calculated from first principles Galanakis, I.; Mavropoulos, Ph Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 19, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/19/31/315213	journal	July 2007
Band-structure description of Mott insulators (NiO, MnO, FeO, CoO) Anisimov, V. I.; Korotin, M. A.; Kurmaev, E. Z. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 2, Issue 17, p. 3973-3987 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/2/17/008	journal	April 1990
QUANTUM ESPRESSO: a modular and open-source software project for quantum simulations of materials Giannozzi, Paolo; Baroni, Stefano; Bonini, Nicola Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 21, Issue 39, Article No. 395502 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/21/39/395502	journal	September 2009
Extended DFT + U + V method with on-site and inter-site electronic interactions Leiria Campo Jr, Vivaldo; Cococcioni, Matteo Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 22, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/22/5/055602	journal	January 2010
The thermostability of the Fe₁₆N₂ phase deposited on a GaAs substrate by ion-beam-assisted deposition Jiang, Hai; Tao, Kun; Li, Hengde Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 6, Issue 18, p. L279-L282 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/6/18/004	journal	May 1994
The magnetization of alpha"Fe₁₆N₂ Coey, J. M. D.; O'Donnell, K.; Qinian, Qi Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 6, Issue 4, p. L23-L28 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/6/4/001	journal	January 1994
First-principles calculations of the electronic structure and spectra of strongly correlated systems: the LDA + U method Anisimov, Vladimir I.; Aryasetiawan, F.; Lichtenstein, A. I. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 9, Issue 4, p. 767-808 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/9/4/002	journal	January 1997
Theory of giant saturation magnetization in α″-Fe ₁₆ N ₂ : role of partial localization in ferromagnetism of 3d transition metals Ji, N.; Liu, X.; Wang, J-P New Journal of Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/12/6/063032	journal	June 2010
Magic moments in magnetism Coey, Michael Physics World, Vol. 6, Issue 8, p. 25-26 https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/6/8/24	journal	August 1993
The occurrence and the crystal structure of α" -iron nitride; a new type of interstitial alloy formed during the tempering of nitrogen-martensite Jack, Kenneth Henderson Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Vol. 208, Issue 1093, p. 216-224 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1951.0155	journal	August 1951
Inhomogeneous Electron Gas Hohenberg, P.; Kohn, W. Physical Review, Vol. 136, Issue 3B, p. B864-B871 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.136.B864	journal	November 1964
Self-Consistent Equations Including Exchange and Correlation Effects Kohn, W.; Sham, L. J. Physical Review, Vol. 140, Issue 4A, p. A1133-A1138 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.140.A1133	journal	November 1965
The Nature of the Interatomic Forces in Metals Pauling, Linus Physical Review, Vol. 54, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.54.899	journal	December 1938
Atomic Moments of Ferromagnetic Alloys Bozorth, R. M. Physical Review, Vol. 79, Issue 5, p. 887-887 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.79.887	journal	September 1950
Density-functional exchange-energy approximation with correct asymptotic behavior Becke, A. D. Physical Review A, Vol. 38, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.38.3098	journal	September 1988
Self-interaction correction to density-functional approximations for many-electron systems Perdew, J. P.; Zunger, Alex Physical Review B, Vol. 23, Issue 10, p. 5048-5079 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.23.5048	journal	May 1981
Neutron reflection as a probe of surface magnetism Felcher, G. P. Physical Review B, Vol. 24, Issue 3, p. 1595-1598 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.24.1595	journal	August 1981
Tight-binding approach to the orbital magnetic moment and magnetocrystalline anisotropy of transition-metal monolayers Bruno, Patrick Physical Review B, Vol. 39, Issue 1, p. 865-868 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.39.865	journal	January 1989
Density-functional calculation of effective Coulomb interactions in metals Anisimov, V. I.; Gunnarsson, O. Physical Review B, Vol. 43, Issue 10, p. 7570-7574 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.43.7570	journal	April 1991
Band theory and Mott insulators: Hubbard U instead of Stoner I Anisimov, Vladimir I.; Zaanen, Jan; Andersen, Ole K. Physical Review B, Vol. 44, Issue 3, p. 943-954 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.44.943	journal	July 1991
Polarized neutron reflection as a probe of magnetic films and multilayers Blundell, S. J.; Bland, J. A. C. Physical Review B, Vol. 46, Issue 6, p. 3391-3400 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.46.3391	journal	August 1992
Giant energy product in nanostructured two-phase magnets Skomski, Ralph; Coey, J. M. D. Physical Review B, Vol. 48, Issue 21, p. 15812-15816 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.48.15812	journal	December 1993
Corrected atomic limit in the local-density approximation and the electronic structure of d impurities in Rb Solovyev, I. V.; Dederichs, P. H.; Anisimov, V. I. Physical Review B, Vol. 50, Issue 23, p. 16861-16871 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.50.16861	journal	December 1994
Projector augmented-wave method Blöchl, P. E. Physical Review B, Vol. 50, Issue 24, p. 17953-17979 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.50.17953	journal	December 1994
Spin-density distribution in ferromagnetic α’’- Fe 16 N 2 Huang, Ming-Zhu; Ching, W. Y. Physical Review B, Vol. 51, Issue 5, p. 3222-3225 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.51.3222	journal	February 1995
Magnetic properties of nanostructured CoSm/FeCo films Al-Omari, I. A.; Sellmyer, D. J. Physical Review B, Vol. 52, Issue 5, p. 3441-3447 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.52.3441	journal	August 1995
Density-functional theory and strong interactions: Orbital ordering in Mott-Hubbard insulators Liechtenstein, A. I.; Anisimov, V. I.; Zaanen, J. Physical Review B, Vol. 52, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.52.R5467	journal	August 1995
Insulating gap in FeO: Correlations and covalency Mazin, I. I.; Anisimov, V. I. Physical Review B, Vol. 55, Issue 19, p. 12822-12825 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.55.12822	journal	May 1997
Electron-energy-loss spectra and the structural stability of nickel oxide: An LSDA+U study Dudarev, S. L.; Botton, G. A.; Savrasov, S. Y. Physical Review B, Vol. 57, Issue 3, p. 1505-1509 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.57.1505	journal	January 1998
Reformulation of the LDA + U method for a local-orbital basis Pickett, W. E.; Erwin, S. C.; Ethridge, E. C. Physical Review B, Vol. 58, Issue 3, p. 1201-1209 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.58.1201	journal	July 1998
Magnetic moment of iron in metallic environments Fernando, G. W.; Watson, R. E.; Weinert, M. Physical Review B, Vol. 61, Issue 1, p. 375-381 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.61.375	journal	January 2000
Electronic band structure and magnetism of Fe 16 N 2 calculated by the FLAPW method Tanaka, Hirofumi; Harima, Hisatomo; Yamamoto, Tetsuya Physical Review B, Vol. 62, Issue 22, p. 15042-15046 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.62.15042	journal	December 2000
Soft tetragonal distortions in ferromagnetic Ni 2 MnGa and related materials from first principles Godlevsky, V. V.; Rabe, K. M. Physical Review B, Vol. 63, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.63.134407	journal	March 2001
Phase separation in Li x FePO 4 induced by correlation effects Zhou, F.; Marianetti, C. A.; Cococcioni, M. Physical Review B, Vol. 69, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.69.201101	journal	May 2004
First-principles prediction of redox potentials in transition-metal compounds with LDA + U Zhou, F.; Cococcioni, M.; Marianetti, C. A. Physical Review B, Vol. 70, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.70.235121	journal	December 2004
Linear response approach to the calculation of the effective interaction parameters in the LDA + U method Cococcioni, Matteo; de Gironcoli, Stefano Physical Review B, Vol. 71, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.71.035105	journal	January 2005
Influence of Ni doping on the electronic structure of Ni 2 Mn Ga Chakrabarti, Aparna; Biswas, C.; Banik, S. Physical Review B, Vol. 72, Issue 7, Article No. 073103 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.72.073103	journal	August 2005
Structural and electronic properties of Ni 2 Mn Ga Barman, S. R.; Banik, S.; Chakrabarti, Aparna Physical Review B, Vol. 72, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.72.184410	journal	November 2005
First-principles study for low-spin LaCoO 3 with a structurally consistent Hubbard U Hsu, Han; Umemoto, Koichiro; Cococcioni, Matteo Physical Review B, Vol. 79, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.79.125124	journal	March 2009
Ferromagnetism at the interfaces of antiferromagnetic FeRh epilayers Fan, R.; Kinane, C. J.; Charlton, T. R. Physical Review B, Vol. 82, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.82.184418	journal	November 2010
Publisher's Note: First-principles study of electronic and structural properties of CuO [Phys. Rev. B 84 , 115108 (2011)] Himmetoglu, Burak; Wentzcovitch, Renata M.; Cococcioni, Matteo Physical Review B, Vol. 84, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.84.159905	journal	October 2011
Vibrational properties of MnO and NiO from DFT + U -based density functional perturbation theory Floris, A.; de Gironcoli, S.; Gross, E. K. U. Physical Review B, Vol. 84, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.84.161102	journal	October 2011
Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and high spin-polarization ratio in epitaxial Fe-N thin films Ji, Nian; Osofsky, M. S.; Lauter, Valeria Physical Review B, Vol. 84, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.84.245310	journal	December 2011
Precise determination of the bond percolation thresholds and finite-size scaling corrections for the sc, fcc, and bcc lattices Lorenz, Christian D.; Ziff, Robert M. Physical Review E, Vol. 57, Issue 1, p. 230-236 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.57.230	journal	January 1998
Combined Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Premartensitic Transition in Ni 2 MnGa Opeil, C. P.; Mihaila, B.; Schulze, R. K. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 100, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.165703	journal	April 2008
Understanding the Phase Transitions of the Ni 2 MnGa Magnetic Shape Memory System from First Principles Uijttewaal, M. A.; Hickel, T.; Neugebauer, J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.035702	journal	January 2009
Full Tunability of Strain along the fcc-bcc Bain Path in Epitaxial Films and Consequences for Magnetic Properties Buschbeck, J.; Opahle, I.; Richter, M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.216101	journal	November 2009
Spin-State Crossover and Hyperfine Interactions of Ferric Iron in MgSiO 3 Perovskite Hsu, Han; Blaha, Peter; Cococcioni, Matteo Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.118501	journal	March 2011
Ground State of the Electron Gas by a Stochastic Method Ceperley, D. M.; Alder, B. J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 7, p. 566-569 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.45.566	journal	August 1980
Ferromagnetic moments in metastable magnetic films by spin-polarized – neutron reflection Bland, J. A. C.; Pescia, D.; Willis, R. F. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 58, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.58.1244	journal	March 1987
Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple Perdew, John P.; Burke, Kieron; Ernzerhof, Matthias Physical Review Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 18, p. 3865-3868 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865	journal	October 1996
Observation of Antiparallel Magnetic Order in Weakly Coupled Co/Cu Multilayers Borchers, J. A.; Dura, J. A.; Unguris, J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 82, Issue 13, p. 2796-2799 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.2796	journal	March 1999
Depth Profile of Uncompensated Spins in an Exchange Bias System Roy, S.; Fitzsimmons, M. R.; Park, S. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 95, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.047201	journal	July 2005
Realistic Quantitative Descriptions of Electron Transfer Reactions: Diabatic Free-Energy Surfaces from First-Principles Molecular Dynamics Sit, P. H. -L.; Cococcioni, Matteo; Marzari, Nicola Physical Review Letters, Vol. 97, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.028303	journal	July 2006
Density Functional Theory in Transition-Metal Chemistry: A Self-Consistent Hubbard U Approach Kulik, Heather J.; Cococcioni, Matteo; Scherlis, Damian A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 97, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.103001	journal	September 2006
Configurational Electronic Entropy and the Phase Diagram of Mixed-Valence Oxides: The Case of Li x FePO 4 Zhou, Fei; Maxisch, Thomas; Ceder, Gerbrand Physical Review Letters, Vol. 97, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.155704	journal	October 2006
The exchange-spring magnet: a new material principle for permanent magnets Kneller, E. F.; Hawig, R. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 27, Issue 4, p. 3588-3560 https://doi.org/10.1109/20.102931	journal	July 1991
Grain size dependence of coercivity and permeability in nanocrystalline ferromagnets Herzer, G. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 26, Issue 5, p. 1397-1402 https://doi.org/10.1109/20.104389	journal	January 1990
Current status of rapidly solidified Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets Croat, J. J. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 25, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/20.42363	journal	January 1989
Electromagnetic modelling of induction melting devices in cold crucible Gagnoud, A.; Leclercq, I. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 24, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/20.43976	journal	January 1988
NiZn ferrite thin films prepared by Facing Target Sputtering Qian, Zhenghong; Wang, Geng; Sivertsen, J. M. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 33, Issue 5, p. 3748-3750 https://doi.org/10.1109/20.619559	journal	January 1997
Perpendicular uniaxial magnetic anisotropy of Fe₁₆N₂[001] single crystal films grown by molecular beam epitaxy Takahashi, H.; Igarashi, M.; Kaneko, A. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 35, Issue 5, p. 2982-2984 https://doi.org/10.1109/20.801054	journal	January 1999
Magnetocrystalline anisotropy for α'-Fe-C and α'-Fe-N films Takahashi, M.; Takahashi, Y.; Shoji, H. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 37, Issue 4, p. 2179-2181 https://doi.org/10.1109/20.951117	journal	July 2001
Modern permanent magnets for applications in electro-technology Strnat, K. J. Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 78, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/5.56908	journal	June 1990
Low temperature wafer direct bonding Tong, Qin-Yi; Cha, G.; Gafiteanu, R. Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, Vol. 3, Issue 1, p. 29-35 https://doi.org/10.1109/84.285720	journal	March 1994
Fast analytical parameters fitting of planar spiral inductors Issakov, V.; Thiede, A.; Wojnowski, M. 2008 IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronic Systems https://doi.org/10.1109/COMCAS.2008.4562827	conference	May 2008
FePt Magnetic Nanoparticles and Their Assembly for Future Magnetic Media No authors listed Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 96, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2008.2004318	journal	November 2008
Cost Effective Parallel-branch Spiral Inductor with Enhanced Quality Factor and Resonance Frequency Bae, Hyun-cheol; Kim, Sang-hoon; Lee, Ja-yol 2007 Topical Meeting on Silicon Monolithic Integrated Circuits in RF Systems https://doi.org/10.1109/SMIC.2007.322776	conference	January 2007
Modeling of On-Chip Differential Inductors and Transformers/Baluns Chen, Ji; Liou, Juin J. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, Vol. 54, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2006.888718	journal	February 2007
Discovery of Fe ₁₆ N ₂ with Giant Magnetic Moment and Its Future View Takahashi, M. IEEE Translation Journal on Magnetics in Japan, Vol. 6, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1109/TJMJ.1991.4565305	journal	December 1991
Magnetic properties of Mn-Al-C permanent magnet alloys Ohtani, T.; Kato, N.; Kojima, S. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 13, Issue 5, p. 1328-1330 https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.1977.1059574	journal	September 1977
Permanent-magnet properties of thermally processed FePt and FePt-Fe multilayer films Zhou, Jian; Skomski, R.; Li, Xingzhong IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 38, Issue 5, p. 2802-2804 https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2002.803109	journal	September 2002
Crystal structures and magnetic anisotropy properties of Ni-Mn-Ga martensitic phases with giant magnetic-field-induced strain Sozinov, A.; Likhachev, A. A.; Ullakko, K. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 38, Issue 5, p. 2814-2816 https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2002.803567	journal	September 2002
Exchange-coupled FePt/Fe bilayers with perpendicular magnetization Casoli, F.; Albertini, F.; Fabbrici, S. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 41, Issue 10, p. 3877-3879 https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2005.854954	journal	October 2005
Fabrication of $\hbox{Fe}_{16}\hbox{N}_{2}$ Films by Sputtering Process and Experimental Investigation of Origin of Giant Saturation Magnetization in $\hbox{Fe}_{16}\hbox{N}_{2}$ Wang, Jian-Ping; Ji, Nian; Liu, Xiaoqi IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 48, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2011.2170156	journal	May 2012
Improved Core-Loss Calculation for Magnetic Components Employed in Power Electronic Systems Muhlethaler, J.; Biela, J.; Kolar, J. W. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 27, Issue 2, p. 964-973 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2011.2162252	journal	February 2012
Effect of assistant rf field on phase composition of iron nitride film prepared by magnetron sputtering process Li, W. L.; Zheng, F.; Fei, W. D. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, Vol. 24, Issue 1, p. 170-173 https://doi.org/10.1116/1.2148415	journal	January 2006
Facing targets sputtering system for depositing Co–Cr perpendicular magnetic recording media Niimura, Yoshiro; Naoe, Masahiko Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, Vol. 5, Issue 1, p. 109-110 https://doi.org/10.1116/1.574143	journal	January 1987
The low-temperature electric conductivity of YBaCuO and LaSrMnO dielectric films obtained by a pulsed laser sputter deposition technique Okunev, V. D.; Pafomov, N. N.; Abaleshev, A. Technical Physics Letters, Vol. 26, Issue 10, p. 903-906 https://doi.org/10.1134/1.1321234	journal	October 2000
ENHANCEMENT OF Fe MAGNETIC MOMENTS IN FERROMAGNETIC Fe ₁₆ B ₂ , Fe ₁₆ C ₂ , AND Fe ₁₆ N ₂ Min, B. I. International Journal of Modern Physics B, Vol. 07, Issue 01n03 https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217979293001530	journal	January 1993
GROWTH AND DEPTH-DEPENDENCE OF SATURATION MAGNETIZATION OF IRON NITRIDE THIN FILMS ON MgO SUBSTRATE Ji, Nian; Lauter, Valeria; Ambaye, Hailemariam SPIN, Vol. 02, Issue 01 https://doi.org/10.1142/S201032471250004X	journal	March 2012
Perpendicular Magnetization of Epitaxial FePt(001) Thin Films with High Squareness and High Coercive Force Watanabe, Masato; Homma, Motofumi Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 35, Issue Part 2, No. 10A, p. L1264-L1267 https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.35.L1264	journal	October 1996
Preparation and Characterization of Fe–N Nanoparticles by Gas Flow Sputtering Aoshima, Hikaru; Sakuma, Hiroshi; Ishii, Kiyoshi Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 47, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.47.780	journal	January 2008
Electronic Structure and Magnetic Properties of Ni₂MnGa_1-xGe_x and Disordered Ni₂ MnSn Heusler Alloys Pugaczowa-Michalska, M.; Jezierski, A.; Dubowik, J. Acta Physica Polonica A, Vol. 115, Issue 10, p. 241-243 https://doi.org/10.12693/APhysPolA.115.241	journal	January 2009
Exchange-coupling interaction and effective anisotropy in nanocomposite permanent materials Gao, Ruwei Chinese Science Bulletin, Vol. 47, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1360/02tb9260	journal	January 2002
Thermal Plasma Synthesis of γ-FeN, Nanoparticles as Precursors for the Fe ₁₆ N ₂ Synthesis by Annealing Turgut, Z.; Ferguson, D. E.; Huang, M. Q. MRS Proceedings, Vol. 577 https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-577-399	journal	January 1999
Preparation of Iron Nitride Fe16N2 Nanoparticles by Reduction of Iron Nitrate [溶融硝酸鉄の還元による窒化鉄 Fe16N2 微粒子の作製] Shimba, Kazuaki; Tezuka, Nobuki; Sugimoto, Satoshi Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals, Vol. 74, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet.74.209	journal	January 2010
Effect of Magnetic Fields on Athermal and Isothermal Martensitic Transformations in Fe–Ni–Mn Alloys Kakeshita, T.; Kuroiwa, K.; Shimizu, K. Materials Transactions, JIM, Vol. 34, Issue 5, p. 415-422 https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans1989.34.415	journal	January 1993

Similar Records

Magnetic material including α″-Fe16(NxZ1-x)2 or a mixture of α″-Fe16Z2 and α″-Fe16N2, where Z includes at least one of C, B, or O

Patent · 2018 · OSTI ID:1531362

Multilayer iron nitride hard magnetic materials

Patent · 2020 · OSTI ID:1632587

Iron nitride powder with anisotropic shape

Patent · 2022 · OSTI ID:1986860

Inductor including alpha″-Fe16Z2 or alpha″-Fe16(NxZ1-x)2, where Z includes at least one of C, B, or O

Citation Formats

References (238)

Similar Records

Related Subjects