On the thermal stability and grain boundary segregation in nanocrystalline PtAu alloys
Abstract
Grain boundary (GB) solute segregation has been proposed as a new mechanism to stabilize nanocrystalline (NC) metals. In this study, we investigate the thermal stability and GB solute segregation in a noble metal alloy system (Pt–Au). Thermal stability of the Pt.90Au.10 alloy system was evaluated by annealing a thin film (~20 nm in thickness) at 500°C and 700°C as well as a thick film (~2 µm in thickness) at a temperature range from 200°C to 700°C. The remarkable stability of the Pt.90Au.10 alloy system was demonstrated by comparing its thermal stability to that of pure Pt films processed under identical conditions. Although presence of voids in the GBs may contribute to thermal stability, the enhanced thermal stability of the Pt.90Au.10 alloy is mainly attributed to preferential Au segregation to GBs in the alloy film, which is revealed by aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. Our results show that Au segregation to GBs is heterogeneous, with variation in solute content between different GBs as well as non-uniformity along individual GBs. The heterogeneity is dependent on the annealing temperature and is less pronounced at a higher processing temperatures (e.g., 700°C). Furthermore, by using the noble Pt–Au system, which avoids oxidation and impurities, thismore »
- Authors:
-
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States); Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC (United State)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Electricity (OE), Advanced Grid Research & Development. Power Systems Engineering Research
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1529299
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1637250
- Report Number(s):
- SAND-2018-11786J
Journal ID: ISSN 2589-1529; 669300
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC04-94AL85000
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Materialia
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 6; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 2589-1529
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Pt–Au thin film; Grain boundary solute segregation; Nanocrystalline thermal stability; Heterogeneous segregation; STEM–EDS mapping
Citation Formats
Lu, Ping, Abdeljawad, F., Rodriguez, M., Chandross, M., Adams, D. P., Boyce, B. L., Clark, B. G., and Argibay, N. On the thermal stability and grain boundary segregation in nanocrystalline PtAu alloys. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.mtla.2019.100298.
Lu, Ping, Abdeljawad, F., Rodriguez, M., Chandross, M., Adams, D. P., Boyce, B. L., Clark, B. G., & Argibay, N. On the thermal stability and grain boundary segregation in nanocrystalline PtAu alloys. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2019.100298
Lu, Ping, Abdeljawad, F., Rodriguez, M., Chandross, M., Adams, D. P., Boyce, B. L., Clark, B. G., and Argibay, N. 2019.
"On the thermal stability and grain boundary segregation in nanocrystalline PtAu alloys". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2019.100298. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1529299.
@article{osti_1529299,
title = {On the thermal stability and grain boundary segregation in nanocrystalline PtAu alloys},
author = {Lu, Ping and Abdeljawad, F. and Rodriguez, M. and Chandross, M. and Adams, D. P. and Boyce, B. L. and Clark, B. G. and Argibay, N.},
abstractNote = {Grain boundary (GB) solute segregation has been proposed as a new mechanism to stabilize nanocrystalline (NC) metals. In this study, we investigate the thermal stability and GB solute segregation in a noble metal alloy system (Pt–Au). Thermal stability of the Pt.90Au.10 alloy system was evaluated by annealing a thin film (~20 nm in thickness) at 500°C and 700°C as well as a thick film (~2 µm in thickness) at a temperature range from 200°C to 700°C. The remarkable stability of the Pt.90Au.10 alloy system was demonstrated by comparing its thermal stability to that of pure Pt films processed under identical conditions. Although presence of voids in the GBs may contribute to thermal stability, the enhanced thermal stability of the Pt.90Au.10 alloy is mainly attributed to preferential Au segregation to GBs in the alloy film, which is revealed by aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. Our results show that Au segregation to GBs is heterogeneous, with variation in solute content between different GBs as well as non-uniformity along individual GBs. The heterogeneity is dependent on the annealing temperature and is less pronounced at a higher processing temperatures (e.g., 700°C). Furthermore, by using the noble Pt–Au system, which avoids oxidation and impurities, this study validates the mechanism of GB solute segregation and provides further understanding of the thermodynamics and kinetics underlying NC stabilization.},
doi = {10.1016/j.mtla.2019.100298},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1529299},
journal = {Materialia},
issn = {2589-1529},
number = C,
volume = 6,
place = {United States},
year = {Sun Mar 24 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Sun Mar 24 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
Works referenced in this record:
Mechanical behavior of nanocrystalline metals and alloys11The Golden Jubilee Issue—Selected topics in Materials Science and Engineering: Past, Present and Future, edited by S. Suresh
journal, November 2003
- Kumar, K. S.; Van Swygenhoven, H.; Suresh, S.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 51, Issue 19
Mechanical properties of nanocrystalline materials
journal, May 2006
- Meyers, M. A.; Mishra, A.; Benson, D. J.
- Progress in Materials Science, Vol. 51, Issue 4
What is behind the inverse Hall–Petch effect in nanocrystalline materials?
journal, June 2007
- Carlton, C. E.; Ferreira, P. J.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 55, Issue 11
Microstructure and mechanical behavior of nanocrystalline metals
journal, June 2000
- Agnew, S. R.; Elliott, B. R.; Youngdahl, C. J.
- Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 285, Issue 1-2
The effect of grain size on the wear properties of electrodeposited nanocrystalline nickel coatings
journal, March 2001
- Jeong, D. H.; Gonzalez, F.; Palumbo, G.
- Scripta Materialia, Vol. 44, Issue 3
Effect of surface nanocrystallization on friction and wear properties in low carbon steel
journal, July 2003
- Wang, Z. B.; Tao, N. R.; Li, S.
- Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 352, Issue 1-2
Effect of grain size on the tribological behavior of nanocrystalline nickel
journal, May 2004
- Mishra, R.; Basu, B.; Balasubramaniam, R.
- Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 373, Issue 1-2
Toward a quantitative understanding of mechanical behavior of nanocrystalline metals
journal, July 2007
- Dao, M.; Lu, L.; Asaro, R.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 55, Issue 12
On the room-temperature grain growth in nanocrystalline copper
journal, March 1994
- Gertsman, V. Y.; Birringer, R.
- Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia, Vol. 30, Issue 5
Unraveling the nature of room temperature grain growth in nanocrystalline materials
journal, September 2008
- Ames, Markus; Markmann, Jürgen; Karos, Rudolf
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 56, Issue 16
Thermal stability and grain growth behavior of mechanically alloyed nanocrystalline Fe‐Cu alloys
journal, January 1993
- Eckert, J.; Holzer, J. C.; Johnson, W. L.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 73, Issue 1
Nanocrystalline nickel and nickel-copper alloys: Synthesis, characterization, and thermal stability
journal, May 1998
- Natter, H.; Schmelzer, M.; Hempelmann, R.
- Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 13, Issue 5
Thermal stability of nanocrystalline Ni
journal, November 1995
- Klement, U.; Erb, U.; El-Sherik, A. M.
- Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 203, Issue 1-2
Retaining the Nano in Nanocrystalline Alloys
journal, August 2012
- Weertman, J. R.
- Science, Vol. 337, Issue 6097
Stability of nanostructured metals and alloys
journal, October 2004
- Driver, J. H.
- Scripta Materialia, Vol. 51, Issue 8
Thermodynamic stabilization of nanocrystallinity
journal, October 2005
- Krill, C. E.; Ehrhardt, H.; Birringer, R.
- Zeitschrift für Metallkunde, Vol. 96, Issue 10
Grain boundary segregation and thermodynamically stable binary nanocrystalline alloys
journal, March 2009
- Trelewicz, Jason R.; Schuh, Christopher A.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 79, Issue 9
Stability of binary nanocrystalline alloys against grain growth and phase separation
journal, April 2013
- Murdoch, Heather A.; Schuh, Christopher A.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 61, Issue 6
Design of Stable Nanocrystalline Alloys
journal, August 2012
- Chookajorn, T.; Murdoch, H. A.; Schuh, C. A.
- Science, Vol. 337, Issue 6097
Alloy effects in nanostructures
journal, January 1993
- Weissmüller, J.
- Nanostructured Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 1-6
Grain coarsening inhibited by solute segregation
journal, January 2002
- Kirchheim, Reiner
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 50, Issue 2
Reducing grain boundary, dislocation line and vacancy formation energies by solute segregation. I. Theoretical background
journal, September 2007
- Kirchheim, R.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 55, Issue 15
Stabilization of nanocrystalline grain sizes by solute additions
journal, December 2008
- Koch, C. C.; Scattergood, R. O.; Darling, K. A.
- Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 43, Issue 23-24
Grain boundary complexions
journal, January 2014
- Cantwell, Patrick R.; Tang, Ming; Dillon, Shen J.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 62
The impurity-drag effect in grain boundary motion
journal, September 1962
- Cahn, John W.
- Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 10, Issue 9
A treatment of the solute drag on moving grain boundaries and phase interfaces in binary alloys
journal, August 1976
- Hillert, Mats; Sundman, Bo
- Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 24, Issue 8
A quantitative theory of grain-boundary motion and recrystallization in metals in the presence of impurities
journal, November 1957
- Lücke, K.; Detert, K.
- Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 5, Issue 11
Modelling the influence of grain-size-dependent solute drag on the kinetics of grain growth in nanocrystalline materials
journal, May 1999
- Michels, A.; Krill, C. E.; Ehrhardt, H.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 47, Issue 7
Grain growth stagnation by inclusions or pores
journal, September 1992
- Wörner, C. H.; Hazzledine, P. M.
- JOM, Vol. 44, Issue 9
Inhibition of grain growth by second-phase particles
journal, December 1988
- Hillert, M.
- Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 36, Issue 12
On the Zener drag
journal, January 1985
- Nes, E.; Ryum, N.; Hunderi, O.
- Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 33, Issue 1
Grain size stabilization of nanocrystalline copper at high temperatures by alloying with tantalum
journal, October 2013
- Darling, K. A.; Roberts, A. J.; Mishin, Y.
- Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 573
Manipulating the interfacial structure of nanomaterials to achieve a unique combination of strength and ductility
journal, February 2016
- Khalajhedayati, Amirhossein; Pan, Zhiliang; Rupert, Timothy J.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
High-Temperature Stability and Grain Boundary Complexion Formation in a Nanocrystalline Cu-Zr Alloy
journal, September 2015
- Khalajhedayati, Amirhossein; Rupert, Timothy J.
- JOM, Vol. 67, Issue 12
Estimation of grain boundary segregation enthalpy and its role in stable nanocrystalline alloy design
journal, August 2013
- Murdoch, Heather A.; Schuh, Christopher A.
- Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 28, Issue 16
Mitigating grain growth in binary nanocrystalline alloys through solute selection based on thermodynamic stability maps
journal, March 2014
- Darling, K. A.; Tschopp, M. A.; VanLeeuwen, B. K.
- Computational Materials Science, Vol. 84
Thermal Stability Comparison of Nanocrystalline Fe-Based Binary Alloy Pairs
journal, March 2016
- Clark, B. G.; Hattar, K.; Marshall, M. T.
- JOM, Vol. 68, Issue 6
Grain-size stabilization by impurities and effect on stress-coupled grain growth in nanocrystalline Al thin films
journal, June 2008
- Gianola, D. S.; Mendis, B. G.; Cheng, X. M.
- Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 483-484
Grain boundary segregation in immiscible nanocrystalline alloys
journal, March 2017
- Abdeljawad, Fadi; Lu, Ping; Argibay, Nicolas
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 126
Atomic-scale Chemical Imaging and Quantification of Metallic Alloy Structures by Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy
journal, February 2014
- Lu, Ping; Zhou, Lin; Kramer, M. J.
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 4, Issue 1
The quantitative analysis of thin specimens
journal, March 1975
- Cliff, G.; Lorimer, G. W.
- Journal of Microscopy, Vol. 103, Issue 2
Grain Growth in Thin Films
journal, August 1990
- Thompson, C. V.
- Annual Review of Materials Science, Vol. 20, Issue 1
Mechanism of abnormal grain growth in ultrafine-grained nickel
journal, September 2013
- Jung, Sang-Hyun; Yoon, Duk Yong; Kang, Suk-Joong L.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 61, Issue 15
Works referencing / citing this record:
Mechanical properties of stabilized nanocrystalline FCC metals
journal, September 2019
- Spearot, Douglas E.; Tucker, Garritt J.; Gupta, Ankit
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 126, Issue 11