A comparative study on the oxidation of two-dimensional Ti3C2 MXene structures in different environments

Lotfi, Roghayyeh; Naguib, Michael Abdelmalak; Yilmaz, Dundar E.; Nanda, Jagjit; van Duin, Adri C. T.

doi:10.1039/c8ta01468j

Title: A comparative study on the oxidation of two-dimensional Ti₃C₂ MXene structures in different environments

Journal Article · Wed Jun 20 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Journal of Materials Chemistry. A

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta01468j· OSTI ID:1513416

^[1];

^[2]; Yilmaz, Dundar E. ^[1];

^[2]; van Duin, Adri C. T. ^[1]

The Penn State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

The oxidation of two-dimensional Ti₃C₂ MXene structures has been recognized as a promising method for the formation of hybrid structures of carbon supported nanotitania. Here, we studied the oxidation of Ti₃C₂ MXene structures using reactive force field (ReaxFF) based molecular dynamics simulations. To investigate the effect of oxidizing agent, we used three different environments including dry air (oxygen molecules), wet air (oxygen and water molecules) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂ molecules). Oxidation simulations were performed at different temperatures of 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 K. We found that by controlling the temperature, carbon supported titania can be formed by diffusion of Ti atoms to the surface of MXene structures during the oxidation. These results were confirmed by the increase in the average bond orders of C–C and Ti–O and decrease in the average bond orders of Ti–C. Moreover, it was revealed that by increasing the temperature, the oxidation rate increases, and the rate depends on the oxidant according to the following order: H₂O₂ > wet air > dry air. This was validated by heating the MXene in wet air and dry air followed by examining the products using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. To investigate the effect of the presence of the oxidant, the MXene structure was also heated under vacuum, and it was found that in this case the MXene structure was converted to cubic TiC. Furthermore, it was indicated that during the heating process of the MXene structure in a vacuum, the average bond orders for C–C, Ti–C and Ti–O do not change significantly due to the lack of oxidants in the environment, leaving room for only topotactic transformation of atoms during the heating. In conclusion, the formation of the TiC structure by heating the MXene in an inert environment was confirmed experimentally as well.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1513416

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1455081

Journal Information:: Journal of Materials Chemistry. A, Vol. 6, Issue 26; ISSN 2050-7488

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 178 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (76)

Liquid Exfoliation of Layered Materials Nicolosi, V.; Chhowalla, M.; Kanatzidis, M. G. Science, Vol. 340, Issue 6139, p. 1226419 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1226419	journal	June 2013
The design and development of highly reactive titanium oxide photocatalysts operating under visible light irradiation Anpo, Masakazu; Takeuchi, Masato Journal of Catalysis, Vol. 216, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9517(02)00104-5	journal	May 2003
Photoelectrochemical cells Grätzel, Michael Nature, Vol. 414, Issue 6861 https://doi.org/10.1038/35104607	journal	November 2001
Photodetectors based on graphene, other two-dimensional materials and hybrid systems Koppens, F. H. L.; Mueller, T.; Avouris, Ph. Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 9, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2014.215	journal	October 2014
Electrochemical Photolysis of Water at a Semiconductor Electrode Fujishima, Akira; Honda, Kenichi Nature, Vol. 238, Issue 5358, p. 37-38 https://doi.org/10.1038/238037a0	journal	July 1972
Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide for Efficiently Reductive Removal of Highly Toxic Chromium(VI) from Water Ying, Yulong; Liu, Yu; Wang, Xinyu ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 7, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/am5074722	journal	January 2015
Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries Tarascon, J.-M.; Armand, M. Nature, Vol. 414, Issue 6861, p. 359-367 https://doi.org/10.1038/35104644	journal	November 2001
Amine-Assisted Delamination of Nb ₂ C MXene for Li-Ion Energy Storage Devices Mashtalir, Olha; Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Zhao, Meng-Qiang Advanced Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201500604	journal	April 2015
Carbonaceous nanomaterials for the enhancement of TiO2 photocatalysis Leary, Rowan; Westwood, Aidan Carbon, Vol. 49, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2010.10.010	journal	March 2011
Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities in Two-Dimensional Materials Beyond Graphene Butler, Sheneve Z.; Hollen, Shawna M.; Cao, Linyou ACS Nano, Vol. 7, Issue 4, p. 2898-2926 https://doi.org/10.1021/nn400280c	journal	March 2013
On the Topotactic Transformation of Ti2AlC into a Ti-C-O-F Cubic Phase by Heating in Molten Lithium Fluoride in Air Naguib, Michael; Presser, Volker; Tallman, Darin Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 94, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.04896.x	journal	October 2011
TiO2 nanoparticle modified organ-like Ti3C2 MXene nanocomposite encapsulating hemoglobin for a mediator-free biosensor with excellent performances Wang, Fen; Yang, ChenHui; Duan, Max Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Vol. 74 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2015.08.004	journal	December 2015
Interpretation of Raman spectra of disordered and amorphous carbon Ferrari, A. C.; Robertson, J. Physical Review B, Vol. 61, Issue 20, p. 14095-14107 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.61.14095	journal	May 2000
ReaxFF Reactive Force Field for Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Hydrocarbon Oxidation Chenoweth, Kimberly; van Duin, Adri C. T.; Goddard, William A. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 112, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp709896w	journal	February 2008
Cation Intercalation and High Volumetric Capacitance of Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide Lukatskaya, M. R.; Mashtalir, O.; Ren, C. E. Science, Vol. 341, Issue 6153 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1241488	journal	September 2013
Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Carbides Naguib, Michael; Mashtalir, Olha; Carle, Joshua ACS Nano, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/nn204153h	journal	January 2012
Carbon-supported ultra-thin anatase TiO2 nanosheets for fast reversible lithium storage Chen, Jun Song; Liu, Hao; Qiao, Shi Zhang Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 21, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1039/c0jm04412a	journal	January 2011
Large Impact of Particle Size on Insertion Reactions. A Case for Anatase Li _x TiO ₂ Wagemaker, Marnix; Borghols, Wouter J. H.; Mulder, Fokko M. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 129, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja067733p	journal	April 2007
The Topotactic Transformation of Ti₃SiC₂ into a Partially Ordered Cubic Ti ( C _0.67Si_0.06 ) Phase by the Diffusion of Si into Molten Cryolite Barsoum, M. W.; El‐Raghy, T.; Farber, L. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 146, Issue 10, p. 3919-3923 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1392573	journal	January 1999
Raman Spectrum of Graphite Tuinstra, F.; Koenig, J. L. The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 53, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1674108	journal	August 1970
In situ environmental transmission electron microscopy study of oxidation of two-dimensional Ti ₃ C ₂ and formation of carbon-supported TiO ₂ Ghassemi, H.; Harlow, W.; Mashtalir, O. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 2, Issue 35 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TA02583K	journal	January 2014
The M_N+1AX_N phases: A new class of solids: Thermodynamically stable nanolaminates Barsoum, Michel W. Progress in Solid State Chemistry, Vol. 28, Issue 1-4, p. 201-281 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6786(00)00006-6	journal	January 2000
Synthesis of Two-Dimensional Materials by Selective Extraction Naguib, Michael; Gogotsi, Yury Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 48, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/ar500346b	journal	December 2014
The advancements in sol–gel method of doped-TiO2 photocatalysts Akpan, U. G.; Hameed, B. H. Applied Catalysis A: General, Vol. 375, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2009.12.023	journal	February 2010
The surface science of titanium dioxide Diebold, Ulrike Surface Science Reports, Vol. 48, Issue 5-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-5729(02)00100-0	journal	January 2003
A review and recent developments in photocatalytic water-splitting using TiO2 for hydrogen production Ni, Meng; Leung, Michael K. H.; Leung, Dennis Y. C. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 11, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2005.01.009	journal	April 2007
Electronegativity-equalization method for the calculation of atomic charges in molecules Mortier, Wilfried J.; Ghosh, Swapan K.; Shankar, S. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 108, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00275a013	journal	July 1986
Dynamics of Confined Reactive Water in Smectite Clay–Zeolite Composites Pitman, Michael C.; van Duin, Adri C. T. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 134, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja208894m	journal	February 2012
Combinatorial molecular optimization of cement hydrates Abdolhosseini Qomi, M. J.; Krakowiak, K. J.; Bauchy, M. Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5960	journal	September 2014
A review on the key issues for lithium-ion battery management in electric vehicles Lu, Languang; Han, Xuebing; Li, Jianqiu Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 226, p. 272-288 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.10.060	journal	March 2013
Particle size dependence of the lithium storage capability and high rate performance of nanocrystalline anatase TiO₂ electrode Jiang, Chunhai; Wei, Mingdeng; Qi, Zhimei Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 166, Issue 1, p. 239-243 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.01.004	journal	March 2007
Sulfur Cathodes Based on Conductive MXene Nanosheets for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Liang, Xiao; Garsuch, Arnd; Nazar, Linda F. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 54, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201410174	journal	February 2015
ReaxFF Reactive Force Field Simulations on the Influence of Teflon on Electrolyte Decomposition during Li/SWCNT Anode Discharge in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Islam, Md Mahbubul; Bryantsev, Vyacheslav S.; van Duin, Adri C. T. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 161, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.005408jes	journal	January 2014
Photoelectrocatalytic materials for environmental applications Zhang, Huanjun; Chen, Guohua; Bahnemann, Detlef W. Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 19, Issue 29 https://doi.org/10.1039/b821991e	journal	January 2009
Two-dimensional material nanophotonics Xia, Fengnian; Wang, Han; Xiao, Di Nature Photonics, Vol. 8, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2014.271	journal	November 2014
Flexible MXene/Carbon Nanotube Composite Paper with High Volumetric Capacitance Zhao, Meng-Qiang; Ren, Chang E.; Ling, Zheng Advanced Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201404140	journal	November 2014
Two-Step Oxidation of Mxene in the Synthesis of Layer-Stacked Anatase Titania with Enhanced Lithium-Storage Performance Tang, Huang; Zhuang, Shihao; Bao, Zhihao ChemElectroChem, Vol. 3, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.201600078	journal	April 2016
Multimodality of Structural, Electrical, and Gravimetric Responses of Intercalated MXenes to Water Muckley, Eric S.; Naguib, Michael; Wang, Hsiu-Wen ACS Nano, Vol. 11, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.7b05264	journal	September 2017
The ReaxFF reactive force-field: development, applications and future directions Senftle, Thomas P.; Hong, Sungwook; Islam, Md Mahbubul npj Computational Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.11	journal	March 2016
H ₂ O ₂ assisted room temperature oxidation of Ti ₂ C MXene for Li-ion battery anodes Ahmed, Bilal; Anjum, Dalaver H.; Hedhili, Mohamed N. Nanoscale, Vol. 8, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6NR00002A	journal	January 2016
Two-Dimensional Nanocrystals Produced by Exfoliation of Ti₃AlC₂ Naguib, Michael; Kurtoglu, Murat; Presser, Volker Advanced Materials, Vol. 23, Issue 37, p. 4248-4253 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201102306	journal	August 2011
Molecular dynamics with coupling to an external bath Berendsen, H. J. C.; Postma, J. P. M.; van Gunsteren, W. F. The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 81, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.448118	journal	October 1984
Aqueous proton transfer across single-layer graphene Achtyl, Jennifer L.; Unocic, Raymond R.; Xu, Lijun Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7539	journal	March 2015
Challenges in the development of advanced Li-ion batteries: a review Etacheri, Vinodkumar; Marom, Rotem; Elazari, Ran Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 4, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/c1ee01598b	journal	January 2011
Two-Dimensional Colloidal Nanocrystals Nasilowski, Michel; Mahler, Benoit; Lhuillier, Emmanuel Chemical Reviews, Vol. 116, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00164	journal	July 2016
A Non-Aqueous Asymmetric Cell with a Ti ₂ C-Based Two-Dimensional Negative Electrode Come, J.; Naguib, M.; Rozier, P. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 159, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.003208jes	journal	January 2012
ReaxFF: A Reactive Force Field for Hydrocarbons van Duin, Adri C. T.; Dasgupta, Siddharth; Lorant, Francois The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 105, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp004368u	journal	October 2001
25th Anniversary Article: MXenes: A New Family of Two-Dimensional Materials Naguib, Michael; Mochalin, Vadym N.; Barsoum, Michel W. Advanced Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 7, p. 992-1005 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201304138	journal	December 2013
New Two-Dimensional Niobium and Vanadium Carbides as Promising Materials for Li-Ion Batteries Naguib, Michael; Halim, Joseph; Lu, Jun Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 135, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja405735d	journal	October 2013
Lattice Parameter and Stoichiometry of TiC _x Produced in the Ti-C and Ni-Ti-C Systems by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis Yang, Ya-Feng; Wang, Hui-Yuan; Zhang, Jun Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 91, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02486.x	journal	August 2008
Preparation of titanium dioxide photocatalyst loaded onto activated carbon support using chemical vapor deposition: A review paper Li Puma, Gianluca; Bono, Awang; Krishnaiah, Duduku Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 157, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.040	journal	September 2008
Concerning the structural mechanism of oxygen inclusion into the lattice of titanium carbide Zainulin, Y. G.; Alyamovsky, S. I.; Shveikin, G. P. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, Vol. 39, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3697(78)90195-6	journal	January 1978
Electronics based on two-dimensional materials Fiori, Gianluca; Bonaccorso, Francesco; Iannaccone, Giuseppe Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 9, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2014.207	journal	October 2014
Mechanisms of Oriented Attachment of TiO ₂ Nanocrystals in Vacuum and Humid Environments: Reactive Molecular Dynamics Raju, Muralikrishna; van Duin, Adri C. T.; Fichthorn, Kristen A. Nano Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl404533k	journal	March 2014
ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulations on lithiated sulfur cathode materials Islam, Md Mahbubul; Ostadhossein, Alireza; Borodin, Oleg Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CP04532G	journal	January 2015
Layered titanate nanostructures and their derivatives as negative electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries Hong, Zhensheng; Wei, Mingdeng Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 1, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1039/c2ta01312f	journal	January 2013
A Reactive Force Field Study on the Interaction of Lubricant with Diamond-Like Carbon Structures Lotfi, Roghayyeh; Jonayat, Asm; van Duin, Adri C. T. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 120, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b09729	journal	November 2016
High capacitance of surface-modified 2D titanium carbide in acidic electrolyte Dall'Agnese, Yohan; Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Cook, Kevin M. Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 48 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2014.09.002	journal	November 2014
eReaxFF: A Pseudoclassical Treatment of Explicit Electrons within Reactive Force Field Simulations Islam, Md Mahbubul; Kolesov, Grigory; Verstraelen, Toon Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation, Vol. 12, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00432	journal	July 2016
Two-dimensional flexible nanoelectronics Akinwande, Deji; Petrone, Nicholas; Hone, James Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6678	journal	December 2014
2D metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) for energy storage Anasori, Babak; Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Gogotsi, Yury Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/natrevmats.2016.98	journal	January 2017
MXene: a promising transition metal carbide anode for lithium-ion batteries Naguib, Michael; Come, Jérémy; Dyatkin, Boris Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 16, Issue 1, p. 61-64 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2012.01.002	journal	March 2012
Flexible and conductive MXene films and nanocomposites with high capacitance Ling, Zheng; Ren, Chang E.; Zhao, Meng-Qiang Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 111, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1414215111	journal	November 2014
Review on Undoped/Doped TiO ₂ Nanomaterial; Synthesis and Photocatalytic and Antimicrobial Activity : Review on Undoped/Doped TiO Yadav, Shweta; Jaiswar, Gautam Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society, Vol. 64, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/jccs.201600735	journal	December 2016
Ion-Exchange and Cation Solvation Reactions in Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene Ghidiu, Michael; Halim, Joseph; Kota, Sankalp Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01275	journal	May 2016
A new insight into regulating high energy facets of rutile TiO2 Lai, Zhuangchai; Peng, Feng; Wang, Hongjuan Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 1, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ta00188a	journal	January 2013
Effect of Metal Ion Intercalation on the Structure of MXene and Water Dynamics on its Internal Surfaces Osti, Naresh C.; Naguib, Michael; Ostadhossein, Alireza ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 8, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b01490	journal	March 2016
Conductive two-dimensional titanium carbide ‘clay’ with high volumetric capacitance Ghidiu, Michael; Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Zhao, Meng-Qiang Nature, Vol. 516, Issue 7529 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13970	journal	November 2014
Concerning the structural mechanism of oxygen inclusion into the lattice of titanium carbide Zainulin, Y. G.; Alyamovsky, S. I.; Shveikin, G. P. Solid State Communications, Vol. 24, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-1098(77)91321-7	journal	November 1977
Double transition metal MXene (TixTa4−xC3) 2D materials as anodes for Li-ion batteries Syamsai, Ravuri; Rodriguez, Jassiel R.; Pol, Vilas G. Scientific Reports, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79991-8	journal	January 2021
Two-Dimensional Material Nanophotonics Xia, Fengnian; Wang, Han; Xiao, Di Figshare https://doi.org/10.1184/r1/6509447.v1	text	January 2018
Covalently interconnected transition metal dichalcogenide networks via defect engineering for high-performance electronic devices. Ippolito, Stefano; Kelly, Adam G.; Furlan De Oliveira, Rafael Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.72467	text	January 2021
One-step synthesis of nanocrystalline transition metal oxides on thin sheets of disordered graphitic carbon by oxidation of MXenes Naguib, Michael; Mashtalir, Olhar; Lukatskaya, Maria R. Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry https://doi.org/10.34657/549	other	January 2014
Sulfur Cathodes Based on Conductive MXene Nanosheets for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Liang, Xiao; Garsuch, Arnd; Nazar, Linda F. Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 127, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201410174	journal	February 2015
Two-Dimensional Material Nanophotonics Xia, Fengnian; Wang, Han; Xiao, Di Carnegie Mellon University https://doi.org/10.1184/r1/6509447	text	January 2014
Photoelectrochemical Cells Nozik, A. J. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 295, Issue 1414 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1980.0141	journal	February 1980

Cited By (9)

Edge Capping of 2D‐MXene Sheets with Polyanionic Salts To Mitigate Oxidation in Aqueous Colloidal Suspensions Natu, Varun; Hart, James L.; Sokol, Maxim Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 131, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201906138	journal	July 2019
The engineering and immobilization of penicillin G acylase onto thermo-sensitive tri-block copolymer system Li, Ke; Liu, Xiao Ting; Zhang, Yun Fei Polymers for Advanced Technologies, Vol. 30, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.4446	journal	September 2018
pH-Response of polycation/Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene layer-by-layer assemblies for use as resistive sensors Echols, Ian J.; An, Hyosung; Zhao, Xiaofei Molecular Systems Design & Engineering, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9me00142e	journal	January 2020
Oxidation-resistant titanium carbide MXene films Lee, Yonghee; Kim, Seon Joon; Kim, Yong-Jae Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta07036b	journal	January 2020
On tuning the cytotoxicity of Ti ₃ C ₂ (MXene) flakes to cancerous and benign cells by post-delamination surface modifications Jastrzębska, A. M.; Szuplewska, A.; Rozmysłowska-Wojciechowska, A. 2D Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ab6a60	journal	February 2020
Synthesis and photocatalytic H ₂ ‐production activity of plasma‐treated Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene modified graphitic carbon nitride Xu, Fang; Zhang, Dainan; Liao, Yulong Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 103, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.16798	journal	September 2019
Multilayered stable 2D nano-sheets of Ti2NTx MXene: synthesis, characterization, and anticancer activity Szuplewska, A.; Rozmysłowska-Wojciechowska, A.; Poźniak, S. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Vol. 17, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-019-0545-4	journal	November 2019
Thermal stability of two-dimensional titanium carbides Tin+1Cn (MXenes) from classical molecular dynamics simulations Borysiuk, Vadym; Mochalin, Vadym N. MRS Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 01 https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2019.2	journal	January 2019
Edge Capping of 2D‐MXene Sheets with Polyanionic Salts To Mitigate Oxidation in Aqueous Colloidal Suspensions Natu, Varun; Hart, James L.; Sokol, Maxim Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201906138	journal	September 2019

Figures / Tables (11)

Similar Records

Multimodal Spectroscopic Study of Surface Termination Evolution in Cr₂TiC₂T_x MXene

Journal Article · Tue Jan 12 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Advanced Materials Interfaces · OSTI ID:1513416

Hart, James L.; Hantanasirisakul, Kanit; Lang, Andrew C.; +6 more

Structure and Dynamics of Aqueous Electrolytes Confined in 2D-TiO₂/Ti₃C₂T₂ MXene Heterostructures

Journal Article · Fri Dec 18 00:00:00 EST 2020 · ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces · OSTI ID:1513416

Ganeshan, Karthik; Shin, Yun Kyung; Osti, Naresh C.; +7 more

Computational Study of Low Interlayer Friction in Ti_n+1C_n ( n = 1, 2, and 3) MXene

Journal Article · Fri Apr 07 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces · OSTI ID:1513416

Zhang, Difan; Ashton, Michael; Ostadhossein, Alireza; +3 more

Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

Title: A comparative study on the oxidation of two-dimensional Ti3C2 MXene structures in different environments

Citation Formats