Nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccines induce potent T follicular helper and germinal center B cell responses

Pardi, Norbert; Hogan, Michael J.; Naradikian, Martin S.; Parkhouse, Kaela; Cain, Derek W.; Jones, Letitia; Moody, M. Anthony; Verkerke, Hans P.; Myles, Arpita; Willis, Elinor; LaBranche, Celia C.; Montefiori, David C.; Lobby, Jenna L.; Saunders, Kevin O.; Liao, Hua-Xin; Korber, Bette T.; Sutherland, Laura L.; Scearce, Richard M.; Hraber, Peter T.; Tombácz, István; Muramatsu, Hiromi; Ni, Houping; Balikov, Daniel A.; Li, Charles; Mui, Barbara L.; Tam, Ying K.; Krammer, Florian; Karikó, Katalin; Polacino, Patricia; Eisenlohr, Laurence C.; Madden, Thomas D.; Hope, Michael J.; Lewis, Mark G.; Lee, Kelly K.; Hu, Shiu-Lok; Hensley, Scott E.; Cancro, Michael P.; Haynes, Barton F.; Weissman, Drew

doi:10.1084/jem.20171450

Title: Nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccines induce potent T follicular helper and germinal center B cell responses

Journal Article · Tue May 08 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Journal of Experimental Medicine

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20171450· OSTI ID:1505995

^[1]; Hogan, Michael J. ^[1]; Naradikian, Martin S. ^[1];

^[2]; Cain, Derek W. ^[2];

^[2];

^[2]; Verkerke, Hans P. ^[3]; Myles, Arpita ^[1]; Willis, Elinor ^[1];

^[4]; Montefiori, David C. ^[4]; Lobby, Jenna L. ^[1]; Saunders, Kevin O. ^[2];

^[2];

^[5];

^[2];

^[5]; Tombácz, István ^[1] more »

Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States)
Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (United States)
Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC (Canada)
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (United States)
BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals, Mainz (Germany)
The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA (United States)
Bioqual Inc., Rockville, MD (United States)

T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are required to develop germinal center (GC) responses and drive immunoglobulin class switch, affinity maturation, and long-term B cell memory. In this study, we characterize a recently developed vaccine platform, nucleoside-modified, purified mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNPs), that induces high levels of Tfh and GC B cells. Intradermal vaccination with nucleoside-modified mRNA-LNPs encoding various viral surface antigens elicited polyfunctional, antigen-specific, CD4⁺T cell responses and potent neutralizing antibody responses in mice and nonhuman primates. Importantly, the strong antigen-specific Tfh cell response and high numbers of GC B cells and plasma cells were associated with long-lived and high-affinity neutralizing antibodies and durable protection. Comparative studies demonstrated that nucleoside-modified mRNA-LNP vaccines outperformed adjuvanted protein and inactivated virus vaccines and pathogen infection. The incorporation of noninflammatory, modified nucleosides in the mRNA is required for the production of large amounts of antigen and for robust immune responses.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001

OSTI ID:: 1505995

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-17-26175

Journal Information:: Journal of Experimental Medicine, Vol. 215, Issue 6; ISSN 0022-1007

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 230 works

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