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Title: Serum biomarkers for diagnosis and prediction of type 1 diabetes

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) culminates in the autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic ß-cells, leading to insufficient production of insulin and development of hyperglycemia. Serum biomarkers including glucose, glycated molecules, c-peptide, and autoantibodies have been well established to diagnose T1D from other subtypes of diabetes. However, these molecules often mark a late stage of the disease when ~90% of the pancreatic insulin-producing ß-cells have already been lost. With the prevalence of T1D increasing worldwide and because of the physical and psychological burden induced by this disease, there is a great need for prognostic biomarkers to predict T1D development or progression. This would allow us to identify individuals at high risk for early prevention and intervention. Therefore, considerable efforts have been dedicated to the understanding of disease etiology and the discovery of novel biomarkers in the last few decades. The advent of high-throughput and sensitive ‘-omics’ technologies for the study of proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites have allowed large scale profiling of protein expression and gene changes in T1D patients relative to disease-free controls. In this review, we briefly discuss the classical diagnostic biomarkers of T1D and mainly focus on the novel biomarkers that are identified as markers of ß-cell destruction andmore » screened with the use of state-of-the-art ‘-omics’ technologies.« less

Authors:
; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1503616
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-134879
Journal ID: ISSN 1931-5244
DOE Contract Number:  
AC05-76RL01830
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Translational Research
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 201; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 1931-5244
Publisher:
Elsevier
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

Citation Formats

Yi, Lian, Swensen, Adam C., and Qian, Wei-Jun. Serum biomarkers for diagnosis and prediction of type 1 diabetes. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2018.07.009.
Yi, Lian, Swensen, Adam C., & Qian, Wei-Jun. Serum biomarkers for diagnosis and prediction of type 1 diabetes. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trsl.2018.07.009
Yi, Lian, Swensen, Adam C., and Qian, Wei-Jun. 2018. "Serum biomarkers for diagnosis and prediction of type 1 diabetes". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trsl.2018.07.009.
@article{osti_1503616,
title = {Serum biomarkers for diagnosis and prediction of type 1 diabetes},
author = {Yi, Lian and Swensen, Adam C. and Qian, Wei-Jun},
abstractNote = {Type 1 diabetes (T1D) culminates in the autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic ß-cells, leading to insufficient production of insulin and development of hyperglycemia. Serum biomarkers including glucose, glycated molecules, c-peptide, and autoantibodies have been well established to diagnose T1D from other subtypes of diabetes. However, these molecules often mark a late stage of the disease when ~90% of the pancreatic insulin-producing ß-cells have already been lost. With the prevalence of T1D increasing worldwide and because of the physical and psychological burden induced by this disease, there is a great need for prognostic biomarkers to predict T1D development or progression. This would allow us to identify individuals at high risk for early prevention and intervention. Therefore, considerable efforts have been dedicated to the understanding of disease etiology and the discovery of novel biomarkers in the last few decades. The advent of high-throughput and sensitive ‘-omics’ technologies for the study of proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites have allowed large scale profiling of protein expression and gene changes in T1D patients relative to disease-free controls. In this review, we briefly discuss the classical diagnostic biomarkers of T1D and mainly focus on the novel biomarkers that are identified as markers of ß-cell destruction and screened with the use of state-of-the-art ‘-omics’ technologies.},
doi = {10.1016/j.trsl.2018.07.009},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1503616}, journal = {Translational Research},
issn = {1931-5244},
number = C,
volume = 201,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Nov 01 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Thu Nov 01 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}

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