Effect of opening helix on flying wire emittance measurements
It has been noted for some time that after the protons are injected, when the helix is opened the proton normalized vertical emittance (as measured by the flying wires) increases by about two {pi} mm-mr. The horizontal emittance decreases by about the same amount. This has been recognized as a false result, but there has been uncertainty as to whether it was due to the flying wires not measuring the beam sigma correctly when the beam center moved at the wires or whether the effective beta at the wires changed when the helix was opened and the orbit changed all around the machine. This study attempts to answer that question. The study took place Sunday, Feb. 25, 1996, from 18:30 to 22:30. The study consisted of injecting P1, P2 and P3 as normal, coalesced bunches and P4 and P5 as uncoalesced bunch trains of nominally 11 bunches. The purpose in using more than a single bunch was to increase statistical sampling and to investigate whether there was any significant difference between coalesced and uncoalesced bunches. Because the injection kicker had a long flat-top for 36 bunch studies, P6 could not be injected and when P5 was injected, P1 emittance increased by about two {pi} mm-mr. The flying wires were flown several times, the helix was turned on, the wires flown several times, the helix turned off, and the wires flown several times. The helix cycling was performed by knobbing the power supplies to avoid any possible emittance dilution from a non-adiabatic change. note that during the helix off state during helix cycling, one of the power supplies for the horizontal separators was inadvertently not turned down to zero, leaving the horizontal part of the helix at {approx} 16% of normal. After three cycles of helix on-off, a local horizontal three bump was made to duplicate the horizontal orbit change at the E11 wires and the wires were flown several times. The local bump was removed and the wires flown several times. Finally, the protons were put onto the pbar helix, then back to the proton helix, then back to the pbar helix, while the wires continued to be flown.
- Research Organization:
- Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-76CH03000
- OSTI ID:
- 15017297
- Report Number(s):
- FERMILAB-EXP-196; TRN: US0604932
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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