Environmental Sources of Bacteria Differentially Influence Host-Associated Microbial Dynamics
- Univ. of Chicago, Chicago, IL (United States)
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Illinois Inst. of Technology, Chicago, IL (United States)
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Univ. of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (United States)
- John G. Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, IL (United States)
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Univ. of Chicago, Chicago, IL (United States)
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
ABSTRACT Host-associated microbial dynamics are influenced by dietary and immune factors, but how exogenous microbial exposure shapes host-microbe dynamics remains poorly characterized. To investigate this phenomenon, we characterized the skin, rectum, and respiratory tract-associated microbiota in four aquarium-housed dolphins daily over a period of 6 weeks, including administration of a probiotic during weeks 4 to 6. The environmental bacterial sources were also characterized, including the animals’ human handlers, the aquarium air and water, and the dolphins’ food supply. Continuous microbial exposure occurred between all sites, yet each environment maintained a characteristic microbiota, suggesting that the majority of exposure events do not result in colonization. Small changes in water physicochemistry had a significant but weak correlation with change in dolphin-associated bacterial richness but had no influence on phylogenetic diversity. Food and air microbiota were the richest and had the largest conditional influence on other microbiota in the absence of probiotics, but during probiotic administration, food alone had the largest influence on the stability of the dolphin microbiota. Our results suggest that respiratory tract and gastrointestinal epithelium interactions with air- and food-associated microbes had the biggest influence on host-microbiota dynamics, while other interactions, such as skin transmission, played only a minor role. Finally, direct oral stimulation with a foreign exogenous microbial source can have a profound effect on microbial stability. IMPORTANCE Furthermore, these results provide valuable insights into the ecological influence of exogenous microbial exposure, as well as laying the foundation for improving aquarium management practices. By comparing data for dolphins from aquaria that use natural versus artificial seawater, we demonstrate the potential influence of aquarium water disinfection procedures on dolphin microbial dynamics.
- Research Organization:
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- National Science Foundation (NSF); John G. Shedd Aquarium; Argonne National Laboratory; USDOE
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357
- OSTI ID:
- 1489235
- Journal Information:
- mSystems, Vol. 3, Issue 3; ISSN 2379-5077
- Publisher:
- American Society for MicrobiologyCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Web of Science
Building upon current knowledge and techniques of indoor microbiology to construct the next era of theory into microorganisms, health, and the built environment
|
journal | July 2019 |
Microbial rescue effects: How microbiomes can save hosts from extinction
|
journal | January 2020 |
The skin microbiome of vertebrates
|
journal | May 2019 |
Microbial rescue effects: how microbiomes can save hosts from extinction
|
text | January 2019 |
Similar Records
Complexity and Variability of Gut Commensal Microbiota in Polyphagous Lepidopteran Larvae
Metapopulation structure of Vibrionaceae among coastal marine invertebrates