Data-driven Modeling of Hemodynamics and its Role on Thrombus Size and Shape in Aortic Dissections

Journal Article · Tue Feb 06 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Scientific Reports

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20603-x· OSTI ID:1482728

Yazdani, Alireza ^[1]; Li, He ^[1]; Bersi, Matthew R. ^[2]; Di Achille, Paolo ^[2]; Insley, Joseph ^[3]; Humphrey, Jay D. ^[2]; Karniadakis, George Em ^[1]

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1. Brown Univ., Providence, RI (United States)
2. Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States)
3. Northern Illinois Univ., DeKalb, IL (United States)

Aortic dissection is a pathology that manifests due to microstructural defects in the aortic wall. Blood enters the damaged wall through an intimal tear, thereby creating a so-called false lumen and exposing the blood to thrombogenic intramural constituents such as collagen. The natural history of this acute vascular injury thus depends, in part, on thrombus formation, maturation, and possible healing within the false lumen. A key question is: Why do some false lumens thrombose completely while others thrombose partially or little at all? An ability to predict the location and extent of thrombus in subjects with dissection could contribute significantly to clinical decision-making, including interventional design. We develop, for the first time, a data-driven particle-continuum model for thrombus formation in a murine model of aortic dissection. In the proposed model, we simulate a final-value problem in lieu of the original initial-value problem with significantly fewer particles that may grow in size upon activation, thus representing the local concentration of blood-borne species. Numerical results confirm that geometry and local hemodynamics play significant roles in the acute progression of thrombus. Despite geometrical differences between murine and human dissections, mouse models can provide considerable insight and have gained popularity owing to their reproducibility. Our results for three classes of geometrically different false lumens show that thrombus forms and extends to a greater extent in regions with lower bulk shear rates. Dense thrombi are less likely to form in high-shear zones and in the presence of strong vortices. Here, the present data-driven study suggests that the proposed model is robust and can be employed to assess thrombus formation in human aortic dissections.

• Research Organization: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: National Institutes of Health (NIH); USDOE Office of Science (SC)
• Grant/Contract Number: AC02-06CH11357
• OSTI ID: 1482728
• Journal Information: Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1; ISSN 2045-2322
• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES