Investigating dominant characteristics of fires across the Amazon during 2005-2014 through satellite data synthesis of combustion signatures

Tang, W.; Arellano, A. F.

doi:10.1002/2016JD025216

Title: Investigating dominant characteristics of fires across the Amazon during 2005-2014 through satellite data synthesis of combustion signatures

Journal Article · Thu Dec 29 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025216· OSTI ID:1480763

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Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States). Dept. of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences

Estimates of fire emissions remain uncertain due to limited constraints on the variations in fire characteristics. Here we demonstrate the utility of space-based observations of smoke constituents in addressing this limitation. We introduce a satellite-derived smoke index (SI) as an indicator of the dominant phase of large-scale fires. This index is calculated as the ratio of the geometric mean of observed fractional enhancements (due to fire) in carbon monoxide and aerosol optical depth to that of nitrogen dioxide. Here we assess the usefulness of this index on fires in the Amazon. We analyze the seasonal, regional, and interannual joint distribution of SI and fire radiative power (FRP) in relation to fire hotspots, land cover, Drought Severity Index, and deforestation rate estimates. We also compare this index with an analogous quantity derived from field data or emission inventories. Our results show that SI changes from low (more flaming) to high (more smoldering) during the course of a fire season, which is consistent with the changes in observed maximum FRPs from high to low. We also find that flaming combustion is more dominant in areas where deforestation fires dominate, while smoldering combustion has a larger influence during drought years when understory fires are more likely enhanced. Lastly, we find that the spatiotemporal variation in SI is inconsistent with current emission inventories. Although we recognize some limitations of this approach, our results point to the utility of SI as a proxy for overall combustion efficiency in the parameterization of fire emission models.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1480763

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 122, Issue 2; ISSN 2169-897X

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 13 works

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Impacts of biomass burning on tropospheric CO, NO_x, and O₃ Galanter, Meredith; Levy II, Hiram; Carmichael, Gregory R. Fuel and Energy Abstracts, Vol. 43, Issue 2, p. 142 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6701(02)85427-3	journal	March 2002
Estimated Global Mortality Attributable to Smoke from Landscape Fires Johnston, Fay H.; Henderson, Sarah B.; Chen, Yang The University of British Columbia https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0074716	text	January 2012
MOD04_L2 MODIS/Terra Aerosol 5-Min L2 Swath 10km Team, MODIS Atmosphere Science NASA LANCE MODIS at the MODAPS https://doi.org/10.5067/modis/mod04_l2.nrt.006	dataset	January 2015
Determinants and predictability of global wildfire emissions Knorr, W.; Lehsten, V.; Arneth, A. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-4243-2012	posted_content	February 2012
African CO emissions between years 2000 and 2006 as estimated from MOPITT observations Chevallier, F.; Fortems, A.; Bousquet, P. Biogeosciences Discussions https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-5-3845-2008	posted_content	September 2008

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Biomass-burning smoke heights over the Amazon observed from space Gonzalez-Alonso, Laura; Val Martin, Maria; Kahn, Ralph A. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1685-2019	journal	January 2019
Satellite data reveal a common combustion emission pathway for major cities in China Tang, Wenfu; Arellano, Avelino F.; Gaubert, Benjamin Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4269-2019	journal	January 2019
Land cover and its transformation in the backward trajectory footprint region of the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory Pöhlker, Christopher; Walter, David; Paulsen, Hauke Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-8425-2019	journal	January 2019
Varying relationships between fire radiative power and fire size at a global scale Laurent, Pierre; Mouillot, Florent; Moreno, Maria Vanesa Biogeosciences, Vol. 16, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-275-2019	journal	January 2019

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