skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Passive Radiative “Thermostat” Enabled by Phase-Change Photonic Nanostructures

Journal Article · · ACS Photonics

A thermostat senses the temperature of a physical system and switches heating or cooling devices on or off, regulating the flow of heat to maintain the system’s temperature near a desired set point. Taking advantage of recent advances in radiative heat transfer technologies, here we propose a passive radiative “thermostat” based on phase-change photonic nanostructures for thermal regulation at room temperature. By self-adjusting their visible to mid-IR absorptivity and emissivity responses depending on the ambient temperature, the proposed devices use the sky to passively cool or heat during day-time using the phase-change transition temperature as the set point, while at night-time temperature is maintained at or below ambient. We simulate the performance of a passive nanophotonic thermostat design based on vanadium dioxide thin films, showing daytime passive cooling (heating) with respect to ambient in hot (cold) days, maintaining an equilibrium temperature approximately locked within the phase transition region. Furthermore, passive radiative thermostats can potentially enable novel thermal management technologies, for example, to moderate diurnal temperature in regions with extreme annual thermal swings.

Research Organization:
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program
Grant/Contract Number:
AC52-06NA25396
OSTI ID:
1480047
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-18-25694
Journal Information:
ACS Photonics, Vol. 5, Issue 11; ISSN 2330-4022
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 59 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (56)

The radiative cooling of selective surfaces journal May 1975
Nocturnal and diurnal performances of selective radiators journal October 1977
Radiative cooling to low temperatures: General considerations and application to selectively emitting SiO films journal June 1981
Radiative Heat Pumping from the Earth Using Surface Phonon Resonant Nanoparticles journal February 2010
Radiative cooling of solar absorbers using a visibly transparent photonic crystal thermal blackbody journal September 2015
Radiative cooling of solar cells journal January 2014
Improving photovoltaic performance through radiative cooling in both terrestrial and extraterrestrial environments journal January 2015
Radiative human body cooling by nanoporous polyethylene textile journal September 2016
Passive Cooling Systems in Iranian Architecture journal February 1978
Ultrabroadband Photonic Structures To Achieve High-Performance Daytime Radiative Cooling journal March 2013
A Metamaterial Emitter for Highly Efficient Radiative Cooling journal April 2015
Passive radiative cooling below ambient air temperature under direct sunlight journal November 2014
Radiative cooling to deep sub-freezing temperatures through a 24-h day–night cycle journal December 2016
Scalable-manufactured randomized glass-polymer hybrid metamaterial for daytime radiative cooling journal February 2017
Theoretical limits of thermophotovoltaic solar energy conversion journal April 2003
Absorber and emitter for solar thermo-photovoltaic systems to achieve efficiency exceeding the Shockley-Queisser limit journal January 2009
Design of a Perfect Black Absorber at Visible Frequencies Using Plasmonic Metamaterials journal October 2011
Metasurface Broadband Solar Absorber journal February 2016
Optical thin-film materials with low refractive index for broadband elimination of Fresnel reflection journal March 2007
A nanophotonic solar thermophotovoltaic device journal January 2014
High-efficiency solar-thermophotovoltaic system equipped with a monolithic planar selective absorber/emitter journal January 2015
Broadband perfect absorber based on one ultrathin layer of refractory metal journal January 2015
Refractory Plasmonics with Titanium Nitride: Broadband Metamaterial Absorber journal October 2014
Thermochromic VO2 film deposited on Al with tunable thermal emissivity for space applications journal December 2011
Vanadium Dioxide as a Natural Disordered Metamaterial: Perfect Thermal Emission and Large Broadband Negative Differential Thermal Emittance journal October 2013
Contactless heat flux control with photonic devices journal May 2015
Oxides Which Show a Metal-to-Insulator Transition at the Neel Temperature journal July 1959
Mott Transition in VO2 Revealed by Infrared Spectroscopy and Nano-Imaging journal December 2007
Phase-change radiative thermal diode journal November 2013
Experimental investigation of radiative thermal rectifier using vanadium dioxide journal December 2014
A Thermal Diode Based on Nanoscale Thermal Radiation journal May 2018
Near-Field Thermal Transistor journal January 2014
Radiative Bistability and Thermal Memory journal August 2014
Multilevel radiative thermal memory realized by the hysteretic metal-insulator transition of vanadium dioxide journal February 2016
VO2–Sb:SnO2 composite thermochromic smart glass foil journal January 2012
Intelligent Multifunctional VO 2 /SiO 2 /TiO 2 Coatings for Self-Cleaning, Energy-Saving Window Panels journal February 2016
Nanophotonics-enabled smart windows, buildings and wearables journal June 2016
Switchable wavelength-selective and diffuse metamaterial absorber/emitter with a phase transition spacer layer journal August 2014
Vanadium dioxide based Fabry-Perot emitter for dynamic radiative cooling applications journal August 2017
New aspects of the metal–insulator transition in single-domain vanadium dioxide nanobeams journal May 2009
Memory Metamaterials journal August 2009
Unraveling Metal-insulator Transition Mechanism of VO2Triggered by Tungsten Doping journal June 2012
Axially Engineered Metal–Insulator Phase Transition by Graded Doping VO 2 Nanowires journal March 2013
Size effects in the structural phase transition of VO 2 nanoparticles journal June 2002
Size-Dependent Optical Properties of V O 2 Nanoparticle Arrays journal October 2004
Depressed Phase Transition in Solution-Grown VO 2 Nanostructures journal July 2009
Controlling the Temperature and Speed of the Phase Transition of VO 2 Microcrystals journal January 2016
Metal–insulator transition of VO2 thin films grown on TiO2 (001) and (110) substrates journal January 2002
Strain Dynamics of Ultrathin VO 2 Film Grown on TiO 2 (001) and the Associated Phase Transition Modulation journal June 2014
Phase transition in bulk single crystals and thin films of V O 2 by nanoscale infrared spectroscopy and imaging journal June 2015
Tracking the insulator-to-metal phase transition in VO 2 with few-femtosecond extreme UV transient absorption spectroscopy journal August 2017
Infrared Optical Properties of Vanadium Dioxide Above and Below the Transition Temperature journal December 1966
Optical Properties of V O 2 between 0.25 and 5 eV journal August 1968
Influence of the oxygen plasma parameters on the atomic layer deposition of titanium dioxide journal December 2014
U.S. Climate Reference Network after One Decade of Operations: Status and Assessment journal April 2013
Heating and cooling energy trends and drivers in buildings journal January 2015

Cited By (1)

Broadband switching of mid-infrared atmospheric windows by VO 2 -based thermal emitter journal January 2019

Figures / Tables (4)