The Origin of r-process Elements in the Milky Way

Côté, Benoit; Fryer, Chris L.; Belczynski, Krzysztof; Korobkin, Oleg; Chruślińska, Martyna; Vassh, Nicole; Mumpower, Matthew R.; Lippuner, Jonas; Sprouse, Trevor M.; Surman, Rebecca; Wollaeger, Ryan

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaad67

Title: The Origin of r-process Elements in the Milky Way

Journal Article · Mon Mar 12 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaad67· OSTI ID:1480020

^[1];

^[2]; Belczynski, Krzysztof ^[3];

^[2]; Chruślińska, Martyna ^[4]; Vassh, Nicole ^[5]; Mumpower, Matthew R. ^[2];

^[2]; Sprouse, Trevor M. ^[5]; Surman, Rebecca ^[6]; Wollaeger, Ryan ^[7]

Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest (Hungary). Konkoly Observatory. Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences; Joint Inst. for Nuclear Astrophysics Center for the Evolution of Elements (JINA-CEE), Notre Dame, IN (United States)
Joint Inst. for Nuclear Astrophysics Center for the Evolution of Elements (JINA-CEE), Notre Dame, IN (United States); Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS), Warsaw (Poland). Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center
Radboud Univ. Nijmegen (Netherlands). Inst. of Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics
Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States)
Joint Inst. for Nuclear Astrophysics Center for the Evolution of Elements (JINA-CEE), Notre Dame, IN (United States); Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Some of the heavy elements, such as gold and europium (Eu), are almost exclusively formed by the rapid neutron capture process (r-process). However, it is still unclear which astrophysical site between core-collapse supernovae and neutron star–neutron star (NS–NS) mergers produced most of the r-process elements in the universe. Galactic chemical evolution (GCE) models can test these scenarios by quantifying the frequency and yields required to reproduce the amount of europium (Eu) observed in galaxies. Although NS–NS mergers have become popular candidates, their required frequency (or rate) needs to be consistent with that obtained from gravitational wave measurements. We address the first NS–NS merger detected by LIGO/Virgo (GW170817) and its associated gamma-ray burst and analyze their implication for the origin of r-process elements. The range of NS–NS merger rate densities of 320–4740 Gpc^-3 yr^-1 provided by LIGO/Virgo is remarkably consistent with the range required by GCE to explain the Eu abundances in the Milky Way with NS–NS mergers, assuming the solar r-process abundance pattern for the ejecta. Under the same assumption, this event has produced about 1–5 Earth masses of Eu, and 3–13 Earth masses of gold. When using theoretical calculations to derive Eu yields, constraining the role of NS–NS mergers becomes more challenging because of nuclear astrophysics uncertainties. This is the first study that directly combines nuclear physics uncertainties with GCE calculations. Finally, if GW170817 is a representative event, NS–NS mergers can produce Eu in sufficient amounts and are likely to be the main r-process site.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); University of Notre Dame, IN (United States); Joint Inst. for Nuclear Astrophysics Center for the Evolution of Elements (JINA-CEE), Notre Dame, IN (United States); Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest (Hungary); Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS), Warsaw (Poland)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); National Science Foundation (NSF); European Research Council (ERC); National Science Centre (NCN) (Poland)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396; AC52-07NA27344; SC0013039; PHY-1430152; 724560; DEC-2012/07/E/ST9/01360; 2015/19/B/ST9/01099; 2015/19/B/ST9/03188

OSTI ID:: 1480020

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-17-29520

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Vol. 855, Issue 2; ISSN 1538-4357

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 147 works

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Origin of the heavy elements in binary neutron-star mergers from a gravitational wave event Kasen, Daniel; Metzger, Brian; Barnes, Jennifer arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1710.05463	text	January 2017
GW170817/GRB 170817A/AT2017gfo association: some implications for physics and astrophysics Wang, Hao; Zhang, Fu-Wen; Wang, Yuan-Zhu arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1710.05805	text	January 2017
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