Designing Magnetic Anisotropy through Strain Doping

Herklotz, Andreas; Gai, Zheng; Sharma, Yogesh; Huon, Amanda; Rus, Stefania F.; Sun, Lu; Shen, Jian; Rack, Philip D.; Ward, Thomas Z.

doi:10.1002/advs.201800356

Title: Designing Magnetic Anisotropy through Strain Doping

Journal Article · Wed Oct 10 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Advanced Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.201800356· OSTI ID:1479517

Herklotz, Andreas ^[1]; Gai, Zheng ^[2]; Sharma, Yogesh ^[3]; Huon, Amanda ^[3]; Rus, Stefania F. ^[4]; Sun, Lu ^[5]; Shen, Jian ^[6]; Rack, Philip D. ^[7];

^[3]

Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1 Bethel Valley Rd. Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA, Institute for Physics Martin‐Luther‐University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle 06120 Germany
Center for Nanophase Materials Science Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1 Bethel Valley Rd. Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1 Bethel Valley Rd. Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
Renewable Energies – Photovoltaics Laboratory National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter Timisoara 300569 Romania
SIST Shanghai Technology University Shanghai 200433 China
Department of Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
Center for Nanophase Materials Science Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1 Bethel Valley Rd. Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA, Materials Science and Engineering Department University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA

Abstract The coupling between a material's lattice and its underlying spin state links structural deformation to magnetic properties; however, traditional strain engineering does not allow the continuous, post‐synthesis control of lattice symmetry needed to fully utilize this fundamental coupling in device design. Uniaxial lattice expansion induced by post‐synthesis low energy helium ion implantation is shown to provide a means of bypassing these limitations. Magnetocrystalline energy calculations can be used a priori to estimate the predictive design of a material's preferred magnetic spin orientation. The efficacy of this approach is experimentally confirmed in a spinel CoFe ₂ O ₄ model system where the epitaxial film's magnetic easy axis is continuously manipulated between the out‐of‐plane (oop) and in‐plane (ip) directions as lattice tetragonality moves from ip to oop with increasing strain doping. Macroscopically gradual and microscopically abrupt changes to preferential spin orientation are demonstrated by combining ion irradiation with simple beam masking and lithographic procedures. The ability to design magnetic spin orientations across multiple length scales in a single crystal wafer using only crystal symmetry considerations provides a clear path toward the rational design of spin transfer, magnetoelectric, and skyrmion‐based applications where magnetocrystalline energy must be dictated across multiple length scales.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: DE‐SC0002136; AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1479517

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1479521; OSTI ID: 1543217

Journal Information:: Advanced Science, Journal Name: Advanced Science Vol. 5 Journal Issue: 11; ISSN 2198-3844

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

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Cited by: 14 works

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